An over view of boiler

Prepare by
Ikram Ul Haq 16-IN-33
Farman Mehmood 16-IN-34
Tanveer Mangal 16-IN-42
outline
• Boiler
• Common Types of Boiler
• Working of Boiler
• Common Boiler Problems/failure:
• Causes of failures
• Boiler Maintenance
Boiler
A boiler is a steel pressure vessel in which water under pressure is
converted into steam by the application of combustion.
In other words, it is simply a heat exchanger which uses radiant heat
and hot flue gases, liberated from burning fuel, to generate steam and
hot water for heating and processing loads
Types Of Boilers

• There are two types:

• Fire tube boilers
• water tube boilers.
• FIRE TUBE BOILER
• Hot flue gases flow inside tubes that are submerged in water within a shell.
• Pressures up to about 10 bar
• Produce up to 14 tonnes of steam/hr
• Can meet wide and sudden load fluctuations because
of large water volumes
• Usually rated in HP
•
Continued….(Types Of Boilers)
• WATER TUBE BOILER
• Water flows through tubes that are surrounded by hot combustion
gases in a shell.
• Usually rated in tons of steam/hr
• Used for H.P. steam
• High capacity
Working principle of the steam boiler
• Working principle of the steam boiler is extremely easy. Steam boiler is
a cylindrical shape closed vessel which has sufficient capacity to
contain water and steam. Generally, water or alternative fluid is stored
in steam boiler to generate steam. That water or fluid is heated by
flames or hot gasses which are produced by combustion of fuels and
consequently steam is generated in the boiler at different pressure
according to Steam boiler's size and it's specification. That steam is
now passed through a pipe and supplied into different production unit,
power plant etc.
Common Boiler Problems:

• No heat or hot water

• Leaking and dripping
• Strange banging, whistling or gurgling noises
• Pilot light goes out
• Losing pressure
• Frozen condensate pipe
• Thermostat issues
• Kittling
• Radiators not getting hot
• Boiler keeps switching itself off
Causes of failures

• inadequate water management

• • bad operation
• • poor maintenance
• • ‘other’ factors (outside management's direct control, such as
manufacturing defects,
• transport damage, etc.).
Boiler Maintenance
• When some people hear the term “boiler maintenance,” they think
they are in for a huge financial drain and end up putting off annual
service. They may make the mistake of thinking that “maintenance” is
synonymous with “repairs,” and if their boilers do not show any signs
of trouble, then they don’t need to do anything more. Both of these
approaches are the wrong way to think about maintaining your boiler
and can lead to some serious complications.
• Boiler maintenance comes in two major forms. First, there is the daily
maintenance
Continued…. (Boiler Maintenance)
• The second form of maintenance comes in the form of professional
boiler service, which should’ve just be reserved for when you
experience an issue or an emergency situation.
• Boiler longevity, efficiency, and safety can be promoted through annual
maintenance with a trained industrial boiler service professional.
Continued…. (Boiler Maintenance)
As I mentioned, daily, preventative boiler maintenance is one of the
most important things we can do to make sure that our boiler lasts. So,
what do we need to do on a regular basis to promote boiler longevity?

One of the easiest but most helpful commitments we can make is to

keep a regular boiler log in which we measure and note the basic
operating statistics for our equipment
Continued…. (Boiler Maintenance)
• Our boiler log should include the following:
• flue gas temperature
• water levels
• gas pressure
• Feed water pump operations
• operating temperature
• fuel consumption
• This log will come in handy for your reference and compile a large amount
of data about your boiler’s performance over time. This data can be
particularly useful if you have more than one staff member in charge of
operating your boiler.