TOPIC : Pollution

SUBMITTED TO : MR. BHUPINDER SINGH

SUBJECT : ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

SUBMITTED BY : J.LALRUATFELA
REG.NO : UG1888001025
COURSE : PHARMACY 2ND SEMESTER
 OVERVIEW

 Definition of pollution
 Types of pollution
 Effect
 Prevention
DEFINITION OF POLLUTION
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment
that cause adverse change.[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical
substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the
components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or
naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point
source or nonpoint source pollution. In 2015, pollution killed 9 million
people in the world.
Types Of Pollution :

AirPollution
Water Pollution
Noise Pollution
Land Pollution
 Air Pollution :Air pollution occurs when harmful or
excessive quantities of substances including gases, particles,
and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere

 Causes :
 The burning of fossil fuels
 Agricultural activities
 Exhaust from factories and industries
 Mining operations
 Indoor air pollution
Effect Of Air Pollution :

 Effect on living organisms

 Effect on human health
 Effect on plants
 Effect on aquatic life
 Effect on material
Prevention :
 By using low sulfur coal in industries
 By using mass transport system and bicycles etc.
 Shifting to less polluting vehicles
 Using non-conventional sources of energy
 Using biological filters and bio-scrubbers
 Planting more trees
Water Pollution :Water pollution can be defined as an
alteration in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of
water.

 Causes :
 Sewage And Waste Water
 Dumping
 Industrial Waste
 Acid Rain
 Global Warming
Effect of Water pollution :

Around 2.3 billion people globally

suffer from distinct diseases. Most of
them are diarrheal diseases, typhoid,
infectious hepatitis and Para typhoid is
also causes.
Prevention :
 The water pollution can be controlled by using nitrogen fixing plants
to complete the deficiency of the avail of fertilizers.
 By using integrated pest management to decrease the dependency on
pesticides.
 Planting trees would decrease pollution and will also reduce and
eradicate soil erosion.
Noise Pollution : The sound is mechanical energy from
a vibrating source. The unpleasant and unwanted sound is called
as noise.

 Causes :
It exists mostly in densely populated areas like cities and
industrial complexes, railway stations, bus stations, air ports,
television, radio, and even kitchen gadgets generate noise.
Sound levels are measured in units called decibels.
Conservation produces sound at about 40 decibels and so on.
The limit that humans can accept is about 110 decibels
without pain and damage.
Effect of noise Pollution :
 Interferes with man’s communication
 Healing damage
 Physiological and psychological changes
Prevention of Noise Pollution :
 Reduction in sources of noise
 Properoiling will reduce the noise from the
machinery
 Planting more tree which has broad leaves
Land Pollution : Land pollution is the deterioration
(destruction) of the earth's land surfaces, often directly or indirectly as a
result of man's activities and their misuse ofland resources.

 Causes :
 Deforestation and soil erosion
 Agricultural activities
 Mining activities
 Overcrowded landfills
 Industrialization
Effect of land pollution :

 Soil pollution
 Change in climate patterns
 Environmental impact
 Effect on human health
 Distraction for tourists
 Effect on wildlife
Prevention of land pollution :

 Make people aware of the concept of Reduce, Recycle

and Reuse.
 Reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural
activities.
 Avoid buying packages items as they will lead to
garbage and end up in the landfill site.
 Ensure that you do not litter on the ground and do
proper disposal of garbage.
 Buy biodegradable products.
THANK YOU