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Structural ceramics I
Structural ceramics encompass all ceramic materials that fulfil mechanical functions.
Disadvantages
Cordierite Mg2Al4Si5O18
Mullite Al6Si2O11
Spinel MgAl2O4
Hardness II
http://www.gordonengland.co.uk/hardness/vickers.htm
Mechanical properties
Hardness III
Mechanical properties
Structure of alpha-Al2O3
face-sharing
edge-sharing
c0
c0
Al site
empty site
a1 a2
http://www.cncmagazine.com/
Mechanical properties
5mm
5mm
Mechanical properties
http://www.wmt.com/ceramic
http://www.ceramic-hip.com/healthcare/index.php
Properties of Alumina/Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)
Processing
•Net-shape
Injection Molding
Properties
•High Hardness
•Resistance against NaCl
Advantages
•No Corrosion
•Long lifetime
•Cheaper
Mechanical properties
Applications: die material in the metall industry, thermal barrier coatings, piston caps,
cutting tools valve
sealing
Polymorphs of ZrO2
c c
a a
cubic c-phase tetragonal t-phase monoclinic c-phase
2370°C - 2680°C c/a = 1.02! < 1240°C
1240°C - 2370°C
- The cubic phase can be stabilized by doping with MgO, CaO or Y2O3
- The tetragonal - monoclinic phase transformation involves a 4.7%
volume increase.
- This volume increase is the basis for transformation toughening.
Mechanical properties
Mg-PSZ Microstructures
Transformation toughening I
“ transformed to monoclinic
structure
Transformation toughening II
Penetration depth
crack
Mechanical properties
100nm