“ COMMUNICATION”

“A Process by which information is exchanged between

individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or
behavior. COMMUNICATION IS THE ART OF TRANSMITTING KNOWLEDGE,
IDEAS, INFORMATION AND THOUGHTS FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER.
THE TRANSFER SHOULD BE SUCH THAT
THE RECIEVER UNDERSTANDS
THE MEANING OF THE MESSAGE
AND GIVE PROPER FEEDBACK
 There are 2 basic types of communications:
 Verbal Communication
 Non-Verbal Communication
 Verbal Communication
 The communication happens through verbally,
vocally or through written words which express or
convey the message to other is called verbal
communication.
 Example: Baby crying (vocal) is verbal
communication which express the hungry or pain
through vocally.
Non-Verbal Communication: Any
communication without word of mouth, spoken
words, conversation and written languages are
called Non-Verbal Communication. It happens
through signs, symbols, colors, gestures, body
language or any facial expressions are known
as non verbal communication. Traffic signals are
one of the best examples for non verbal
communication.
“IMPORTANCE OF
COMMUNICATION”
First of all, communication helps to spread
knowledge and information among people. For
example, authors write books to impart knowledge to
the World, and teachers share their experience with
their students. Also, friends or co-workers discuss
their ideas with each other, and companies exchange
information with their customers. Besides this, the
invent of the Internet not only allows people to have
better access to knowledge and information in all
fields, but also makes it easier and faster to contact
with people around the world.
 Undoubtedly, the sharing knowledge and
information process cannot function without
communication. As a result, companies
cannot operate so, communication helps to
spread knowledge and information among
people
 CIVIL ENGR
WORKING
IN QATAR

DAILY LIFE EXAMPLE..

Without proper communication and
presentation we cannot survive in our daily Life..
Example:
A uet topper got a job in qatar.he call Qasim ali
shah and said sir I got a job of 9 lac and after 1
month I left it. Again I join another company they
offer me 11 Lac per month I again left after 1
month Qasim Ali shah replied why u left? He
said sir I have to present what I am doing with
my project sir I have no presentation and
communication skills due to lack of
confidence..and I don’t want to expose my
weakness that's why I left job after one month ..
Barriers to communication can be
defined as the aspects or conditions
that interfere with effective exchange of
ideas or thoughts.
 A Categorization of Barriers to
Communication:
Language Barriers:
 Language and linguistic ability may act as a barrier to
communication.
 However, even when communicating in the same language, the
terminology used in a message may act as a barrier if it is not fully
understood by the receiver(s). For example, a message that
includes a lot of specialist jargon and abbreviations will not be
understood by a receiver who is not familiar with the terminology
used.

 Psychological Barriers
 The psychological state of the communicators will
influence how the message is sent, received and
perceived.
 • For example:
 If someone is stressed they may be preoccupied by personal concerns and not
as receptive to the message as if they were not stressed.
 Anger is another example of a psychological barrier to communication. When
we are angry it is easy to say things that we may later regret, and also to
misinterpret what others are saying.

Physiological Barriers
 Physiological barriers to communication may result from the receiver’s
physical state.
 For example, a receiver with reduced hearing may not fully grasp the content of
a spoken conversation especially if there is significant background noise.

 Physical Barriers
 An example of a physical barrier to communication is
geographic distance between the sender and receiver(s).
 Communication is generally easier over shorter distances as
more communication channels are available and less
technology is required. The ideal communication is face-to-
face.
 Although modern technology often helps to reduce the impact
of physical barriers, the advantages and disadvantages of
each communication channel should be understood so that
an appropriate channel can be used to overcome the physical
barriers.
 Attitudinal Barriers
 Attitudinal barriers are behaviors or perceptions
that prevent people from communicating
effectively.
 Attitudinal barriers to communication may result
from personality conflicts, poor management, or
a lack of motivation. To be an effective receiver of
messages you should attempt to overcome your
own attitudinal barriers to help ensure more
effective communication.
 Time and Distance
 Improper Time
 Defects in Medium of communication
 Network Facilities
 Mechanical Breakdowns
 Noise
 Physical noise (outside disturbance)
 Psychological noise (inattentiveness)
 Written noise (bad handwriting/typing)
 Visual noise (late arrival of employees)
 Organizational barriers

 Loss or distortion of messages as they pass from one level to another

Filtering of information according to one’s understanding/interpretation
Messages not read completely or not understood correctly
Deliberate withholding of information from peers perceived as rivals
Information gap if upper level does not know the true state of affairs
 Ways To Overcome Barriers
to Communication

• For Physical Barriers-

 Appropriate Seating Arrangement
 Ensure Visibility & Audibility
 Environmental Comfort
 Minimise Visual/Oral Distractions
For Semantic Barriers-
 Use of Simple Language
 Symbols & Charts
 Active Listening/ Constructive feedback
 For Socio-Psychological Barriers-
 Calling Attention & Motivation
 Assistance & Sympathy

For Cross Cultural Barriers-

 Understanding of Traditions & Customs
 Information of all Sides of Culture
• For Organisational Barriers
Simple Organisational Structure
Avoiding Information Overload
Flexibility in Meeting Targets.