REHABILITATION OF PARKING

GARAGE STRUCTURE

By-
Irmandeep Singh
Prerak Doshi
(M.Eng in Civil Engineering)
DESCRIPTION OF PARKING GARAGE

• The parking garage was constructed in 1975 in a community on Canada’s southwest coast.

• It is to a two-storey commercial building at its east end. The parking garage consists of one
suspended parking deck level supporting reinforced shear walls.

• It is made up of precast double tee floor panels with a bonded concrete topping, supported on cast
in place reinforced concrete walls and beams under the wall elements and pad footings under the
columns.

• The lower level consists of a grade supported slab. The lateral force resisting system for the
parking structure consists of cast in place reinforce concrete shear walls.
PROBLEM IN THE PARKING GARAGE

The parking garage encountered

structural problems like cracking in
some of the cast in place beams and
columns supporting the floor panels and
non-structural problems like water
leakage through joints between the
precast double tee floor panels.
VISUAL INSPECTION RESULTS

• Cracking and Delamination

• Staining
• Exposed Reinforcement Corrosion
• Scaling
• Poorly Consolidated Corrosion
• Peeling and Paint Blistering
• Flaking
• Absence of Waterproofing Layer
• Cracks from Previous Repair
VISUAL INSPECTION RESULTS

Cracking and Delamination was observed in beams along 4p over column

LABORATORY TEST RESULTS

• Laboratory tests were conducted to get results of concrete and its properties.

• On site test included hammer sounding to understand the delamination and its
extent on the beam and the column.

• Laboratory testing included testing of 2 - 4” ø core samples (one from each, top
and bottom of the column on the plan location of 4p-B ). The tests included
petrographic analysis, chloride ion testing and compressive strength testing.
LABORATORY TEST RESULTS

Structural Drawing showing the Delaminated Areas in Beams

ANALYSIS

The analysis was performed on Staad Pro on the beam and column along gridline 4p (A- to D)
MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND DIMENSIONS
LOADING ON THE FRAME

Self Weight + Dead Load UDL

Dead Load Coming from Double

TEE Panels

Live Load UDL

ANALYSIS RESULTS (Beam R6)

Bending Moment Variation (Y-axis) Shear Force Variation (Z-axis)

ANALYSIS RESULTS (Column R2)

Bending Moment Variation (Y-axis) Shear Force Variation (Z-axis)

REPAIR STARTEGIES (BEAMS)
REPAIR STRATEGIES (Columns)

• Jacketing- Improves or Restore the capacity of Reinforced Concrete Column.

Jacketing is equivalent to adding another layer or RCC around the existing column
thus increasing its strength.
REPAIR STRATEGIES (Columns)

• Carbon Fibres- Carbon fibres are one of the fastest and efficient solution.
Carbon fires are good in tension and epoxy coating have a good resistance to ion
attack and are also good in compression.

• Replacing the entire column- It is economical and effective as it aligns with

initial designs with new analysis consideration. It does not also require extra
space, thus keeping the same floor area.
DEFECTS IN BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS

• Delamination

• Foundation Differential Settlement

• Honey Combing

• Excessive leakage into the intersection due to absence of the membrane on the
floor above

• Continuous bars of the beam bent at the intersection

RECOMMENDATIONS

• In Beams, considering all the factors like cost and other properties, the best way to repair
the beams is by using Epoxy Mortar material.

• For Columns, replacing the entire column is one of the most efficient and cost saving
technique to repair the column but this method is time consuming.

• It is recommend to apply a protective membrane of SIKA MT Primer on the top of 1st

floor slab to stop the damage from further deteriorating the member below the slab. This
will reduce the wear and tear on the 1st floor from the dynamic action of vehicles and also
stop the leakage from penetrating into the slab. It is slightly costly but will increase the
life of structure.
THANK YOU