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  • Introduction To XML and HTML Language: Anant Manas Computer Science Department

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    Anant Manas
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    This document provides an introduction to XML and HTML languages. It discusses what XML and HTML are, how they are used, examples of XML and HTML documents, and differences between the two languages. Specifically, it notes that XML is a markup language used to provide extra information about documents, HTML uses tags to tell browsers how to display documents, and XML tags describe documents and data while HTML tags are used for display.

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    Introduction to XML

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    This document provides an introduction to XML and HTML languages. It discusses what XML and HTML are, how they are used, examples of XML and HTML documents, and differences between the two languages. Specifically, it notes that XML is a markup language used to provide extra information about documents, HTML uses tags to tell browsers how to display documents, and XML tags describe documents and data while HTML tags are used for display.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PPT, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    17 vizualizări16 pagini

    Introduction To XML and HTML Language: Anant Manas Computer Science Department

    Încărcat de

    Anant Manas
    This document provides an introduction to XML and HTML languages. It discusses what XML and HTML are, how they are used, examples of XML and HTML documents, and differences between the two languages. Specifically, it notes that XML is a markup language used to provide extra information about documents, HTML uses tags to tell browsers how to display documents, and XML tags describe documents and data while HTML tags are used for display.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PPT, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    din 16

    Introduction to XML

    And HTML Language

    Anant manas
    Computer Science Department
    What is XML 2

    • XML stands for eXtensible Markup


    Language.
    • A markup language is used to provide
    information about a document.
    • Tags are added to the document to provide
    the extra information.
    • HTML tags tell a browser how to display
    the document.
    • XML tags give a reader some idea what
    some of the data means.
    What is XML Used For? 3

    • XML documents are used to transfer data from one


    place to another often over the Internet.
    • XML subsets are designed for particular
    applications.
    • It is used to send breaking news bulletins from one
    web site to another.
    • A number of fields have their own subsets. These
    include chemistry, mathematics, and books
    publishing.
    • Most of these subsets are registered with the
    W3Consortium and are available for anyone’s use.
    Advantages of XML 4

    • XML is text (Unicode) based.


    • Takes up less space.
    • Can be transmitted efficiently.
    • One XML document can be displayed
    differently in different media.
    • Html, video, CD, DVD,
    • You only have to change the XML document in
    order to change all the rest.
    • XML documents can be modularized. Parts
    can be reused.
    Example of an HTML Document 5

    <html>
    <head><title>Example</title></head.
    <body>
    <h1>This is an example of a page.</h1>
    <h2>Some information goes here.</h2>
    </body>
    </html>
    Example of an XML Document 6

    <?xml version=“1.0”/>
    <address>
    <name>Alice Lee</name>
    <email>alee@aol.com</email>
    <phone>212-346-1234</phone>
    <birthday>1985-03-22</birthday>
    </address>
    Difference Between HTML and
    XML 7

    • HTML tags have a fixed meaning and browsers


    know what it is.
    • XML tags are different for different
    applications, and users know what they mean.
    • HTML tags are used for display.
    • XML tags are used to describe documents and
    data.
    XML Rules 8

    • Tags are enclosed in angle brackets.


    • Tags come in pairs with start-tags and end-
    tags.
    • Tags must be properly nested.
    • <name><email>…</name></email> is not allowed.
    • <name><email>…</email><name> is.
    • Tags that do not have end-tags must be
    terminated by a ‘/’.
    • <br /> is an html example.
    More XML Rules 9

    • Tags are case sensitive.


    • <address> is not the same as <Address>
    • XML in any combination of cases is not
    allowed as part of a tag.
    • Tags may not contain ‘<‘ or ‘&’.
    • Tags follow Java naming conventions,
    except that a single colon and other
    characters are allowed. They must begin
    with a letter and may not contain white
    space.
    • Documents must have a single root tag that
    begins the document.
    Introduction to HTML 10
    HTML: HyperText Markup
    Language 11

    • HTML documents are simply text documents


    with a specific form
    • Documents comprised of content and markup tags
    • Content: actual information being conveyed
    • The markup tags tell the Web browser how to
    display the page
    • An HTML file must have an htm or html file
    extension
    • An HTML file can be created using a simple text
    editor
    Our First Example 12

    • If you are running Windows, start Notepad


    • If you are on a Mac, start SimpleText
    • Type in the following:
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>Title of page</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    This is my first homepage. <b>This text is bold</b>
    </body>
    </html>
    • Open this file using a browser.
    HTML Tags 13

    • HTML tags are used to mark-up HTML elements


    • Surrounded by angle brackets < and >
    • HTML tags normally come in pairs, like <tagname>
    (start tag) and </tagname> (end tag)
    • The text between the start and end tags is the
    element content
    • Not case-sensitive
    • Follow the latest web standards:
    • Use lowercase tags
    Tag Attributes 14

    • Tags can have attributes that provide


    additional information to an HTML element
    • Attributes always come in name/value pairs like:
    name=“value”
    • Attributes are always specified in the start tag
    • Attribute values should always be enclosed in
    quotes. Double quotes are most common.
    • Also case-insensitive: however, lowercase is
    recommended
    • <tagname a1=“v1” a2=“v2”></tagname>
    • For example, <table border=“0”> is a start tag that
    defines a table that has no borders
    HTML Document Structure 15

    • Entire document enclosed within <html> and


    </html> tags
    • Two subparts:
    • Head
    • Enclosed within <head> and </head>
    • Within the head, more tags can be used to specify
    title of the page, meta-information, etc.
    • Body
    • Enclosed within <body> and </body>
    • Within the body, content is to be displayed
    • Other tags can be embedded in the body
    “Thank You”

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