BUDDHISM AND JAINISM

Anjali Singh
B.A. PROGRAMME (III)
ROLL NO. 213
RISE OF
BUDDHISM/JAINISM
● The complex rituals and sacrificial ceremonies of the Later
Vedic period confused the masses and created a
mayhem.

● The languages spoken by the masses such as Prakrit and

Pali started getting prominence over Sanskrit, a language
which was limited to priestly and aristocratic class.
● The rigid caste system prevalent in India generated
tensions in society.

● Though Buddhism and Jainism did not attack the caste

system, they were opposed to it.
PHILOSOPHY
BUDDHISM IS CENTERED UPON THE
LIFE AND TEACHINGS OF GAUTAMA
BUDDHA.
Whereas Jainism is centered on the
life and teachings of Mahavira.
BUDDHISM IS A POLYTHEISTIC
RELIGION AND ITS MAIN GOAL IS TO
GAIN ENLIGHTENMENT.
Jainism is also a polytheistic religion
and its goals are based on non-
violence and liberation the soul.
Principles
BUDDHISM :
● This life is suffering.
● The only way to escape from this suffering is
to dispel one’s cravings and ignorance by
realising the Four Noble Truths and practising
the Eightfold Path.
 FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS :
1. Dukkha (Suffering)
2. Samudāya (Origin of Suffering)
3. Nirodha (Cessation of Suffering)
4. Marga (The Path to the Cessation of
Suffering)
THE EIGHTFOLD PATH
1. Right View
2. Right Speech
3. Right Action
4. Right Resolve
5. Right Livelihood
6. Right Effort
7. Right Mindfulness
8. Right Concentration
JAINISM :
● Respect all living things.
● Attain liberation by avoiding and shedding of
Bad Karma which is the cause of rebirths and
all sufferings.
● Five Vows and Three Jewels
THREE JEWELS :

1. Right Belief
2. Right Knowledge
3. Right conduct
FIVE VOWS :
1. Ahimsa (Non-violence)
2. Satya (Truthfulness)
3. Asteya (Not Stealing)
4. Aparigraha (Non-Acquisition)
5. Brahmacharya (Chaste Living)
TWO FORMS OF THE FIVE VOWS :
1. Mahavrata : The Five Great Vows
followed by Jain Monks and Nuns.
2. Anuvrata : The Lesser Vows followed
by Jain lay people. These are less strict
version of the Great Vows
GOD AND
Scriptures
● Both Buddhism and Jainism do not
believe in a God as a creator of the
Universe.

● Their Holy Texts are not considered the

word of God. They are teaching tools to
guide the individual to enlightenment
through thought and practice.
Dharma-
chakra
● The “Wheel of Law” or “Dharmachakra”
is the most important symbol of
Buddhism.
● According to Buddha, Dharma is the law
that ensures the welfare of the greatest
number of people.
● The Wheel symbolises the goodness in
every person.
● Jain emblem
● The Jain Emblem is composed of many
fundamental concepts and symbols.

● The Jain Emblem represents many

important concepts to show the path to
enlightenment by following the basic
principles of Ahimsa.
Major sects in
Buddhism
Major
Sects in
jainism
Liberation
In buddhism
And jainism
● “Jainism” comes from the word “Jina” which
means “victor” connoting the path of victory
in crossing over life’s stream of rebirths
through an ethical and spiritual life.
● Liberation in Jainism is called “Kaivalya”.
● In Jainism, the way of liberation is the ford
(tirtha), and Tirthankaras "those making the
ford" (from samsara to moksha) are
supreme teachers
● In Buddhism, Liberation is called
“Nirvana”.
● Buddhism says that through enlightenment
(bodhi) an individual crosses the river
of samsara and attain liberation.