INTEGRATION OF WIND GENERATION IN TO

TURKISH POWER SYSTEM

Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 1
 400 kV Network
BULGARİSTAN

BLACKSEA
DIMODICHEV
HABİPLER SİNOP
BATUM
BABAESKİ
ÇAYLI TES
SAMSUN
GÜRCİSTAN
TES AKFEN
HAMİTABAT ALİBEYKÖY TES
CENGİZ
SAN-SEL
İKİTELLİ
AN

A.ALANI
AMASRA BOYABAT ALTINKAYA TES SAMSUN
HOP
ST

Y.TEPE DGKÇ
D.PAŞA KARABÜK A
Nİ

FILIPPI
KAPTAN BEYKOZ PAŞAKÖY BORASCO
EREĞLİ BORÇKA
NA

Z.KÖY OSMANCA ÇARŞAMBA GUMRI

YU

UNIMAR AMBARLI ÜMRANİYE ÇANKIRI DERİNER

ADA-GEBZE X ARTVİN
İÇDAŞ TEPEÖREN ARKUN
KARABİGA ADAPAZARI BAĞLUM KALKANDERE
KARS ERMENİSTAN
TİREBOLU
ÇAYIRHAN KAYABAŞI H.UĞURLU
HİSAR ORDU-2 İAKSU YUSUFELİ
GÖKÇEKAYA SİNCAN
İÇDAŞ K.KALE IĞDI
BURSA AKINCI
DGKÇ R
BALIKESİR GÖLBAŞ AĞRI
ÇAN KARGI TEMELLİ SİVAS
TUNÇBİLEK I BABEK
İÇANADOLU DEÇEKO HORASAN
DGKÇ KANGAL ÖZLÜCE
SOMA SEYİTÖMER ERZURUM D.BEYAZIT
GÜRSÖĞÜT KAYSERİ

KEBAN VAN BAZARGAN

KOCATEPE ELBİSTAN KHOY

ALİAĞA TATVAN
KARAKAYA İRAN
MANİSA
YEŞİLHİSAR
DİYARBAKIR ÇETİN
KONYA HİLVAN
IŞIKLAR BATMAN
UZUNDERE DENİZLİ
YEDİGÖZE ATATÜRK ILISU
AYDIN ANDIRIN SİLOPİ TES DOĞANLI
SEYDİŞEHİR KAVŞAK HAKKARİ
ÇUKURCA
PS3
YENİKÖY
YATAĞAN ADANA G.ANTEP Ş.URFA CİZRE
OYMAPINAR BİRECİK ZAKHO
ERZİN KIZILTEPE
KEMERKÖY
ERMENEK KAYRAKTEPE
KESEK
AKSA VARSAK MERSİN IRAK
İSKENDERUNİSDEMİR

TEİAŞ-APK 2008
HATAY TPP (PLANNED)
HALEP
TPP (EXISTING)
HPP (PLANNED)

MEDITERRANEAN SURİYE HPP (EXISTING)

OHL (EXISTING)
OHL (PLANNED)
220 kV OHL
154 kV OHL

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 2
Profile of System
NUMBER OF SUBSTATIONS:
400 kV 62
154 kV 459
66 kV 15
TOTAL 536
INSTALLED CAPACITY (84.333 MVA)
LENGTH OF TRANSMISSION LINES (km):
400 kV 14,338
154 kV 31,388
220 kV 84
66 kV 550
154 kV Cable 162,9
380 kV Cable 12,8
TOTAL 46,536
Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 3
 Generation & Demand (for the year of 2009)
Installed Capacity 44.067,5 MW

Hydro+Renewable 34.2 %
Thermal 65.8 % BREAKDOWN OF INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
FOR THE YEAR OF 2009

Annual Consumption 198 TWh 14.413

4.2 % increase (*)

THERMAL
WIND
Peak Demand 30.517 MW HYDRO

(*) For the year of 2008 658 28.991

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 4
Peak Load and Electricity Consumption 1999-2018

http://www.teias.gov.tr/projeksiyon/KAPASITEPROJEKSIYONU2009.pdf

5
 Expected Generation & Demand (between 2009 and 2018)

In the Generation Capacity Projection study covering between years 2009

and 2018,

 Peak Demand 55,053 MW (high scenario)

51,757 MW (low scenario)

 Installed Capacity 56,382 MW (high scenario)

54,240 MW (low scenario)

The projection study results show that the possible back up ratio of the
installed capacity is %45.4 for 2009 and %2.4 for 2018. After 2015 new
generation additions are needed.

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 6
 AVAILABLE WIND CAPACITY CAN BE CONNECTED TO THE
TURKISH POWER SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE YEARS

INST ALLED CAPACIT Y AND PEAK LOAD OF T URKEY ACCORDING T O

T HE YEARS AND AVAILABLE WIND CAPACIT Y CAN BE CONNECT ED T O
T HE SYST EM
100000

90000 PUANT TALEP

PEAK DEMAND
80000

70000 INSTALLED
KURULU GÜÇ
60000 CAPACITY

MW 50000
BAĞLANABİLİR
CONNECTABLE
40000 WIND CAPACITY
RÜZGAR
30000 KAPASİTESİ

20000
10000

YEARS 7
 Recent Situation for Wind Generation in Turkey

• 4916 MW evaluated by TEIAS in respect of connection to PS

• 3321 MW of these applications has been licensed by EMRA

• 658 MW is in Operation

• 2000 MW is Underconstruction
• 78.000 MW new application are under evaluation
• The amount of the available wind generation capacity can be
connected to the system until 2013 is 12000 MW

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 8
 The evaluated Wind Generation Capacity on the regional base
and will be connected to the system with the view of TEIAS

349 MW

703 MW

1046 MW

835 MW

1595 MW

618 MW

9
The law (no:5346) for the “Utilization of
Renewable Energy Sources for the
Purpose of Generating Electricity” issued
in 2005.
Wind Enery Potential Atlas is
ready (http://repa.eie.gov.tr)

The Grid Code for the Wind Power

Plants has been prepared by TEIAS and
approved by EMRA.

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 10
INCENTIVES FOR RENEWABLE POWER PLANTS

 Distribution Companies have to buy energy from RES (proportional with the total
consumption)

 10 years purchase warranty

 Minimum 5.5 € cent/kWh

 Incentives are valid for power plants

 are/shall be in operation till 31/12/2011
 Not older than 10 years

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 11
Fault Ride Through Capability of the Wind Power Plants

1.0
U, Grid Phase to Phase –Voltage

0.9
1
0.7

2
0.45
Wind turbines will stay
connected to the grid over of
(p.u)

these curve

0 150 700 1500 3000

Time, msec.

Diagram-1
12
 Fault Ride Through Capability of the Wind Power Plants

 In the event of the fault if the voltage stays in the region numbered 1, active power
of the wind turbine should be increased with the rate of %20 of its nominal power in
one second and it should reach its max. active power value which can be generated
as soon as the fault cleared away.

 In the event of the fault if the voltage stays in the region numbered 2, active power
of the wind turbine should be increased with the rate of %5 of its nominal power in
one second and it should reach its max. active power value which can be generated
as soon as the fault cleared away.

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 13
 U, Grid Voltage(p.u)

Normal operational conditions

Constant Power Factor 1.0 %10 Voltage Dead Band

0.5

High Excitation Region Low Excitation Region

-1 I1reaktif/In

The reactive power reaction which wind turbines have to obey in the voltage
oscillation

Diagram-2 14
The Reactive Power Support of the Wind Power Plants
 The wind turbines will not give any reaction up to 10% of the grid voltage
oscillations.

 For the voltage oscillations more than this limit, for each 1% changes in
nominal voltage, the reactive current support is required which is equal to
2% of the nominal current (Diagram-2).

 The reactive support should be realized in 20 millisecond and it should

continue for 3 seconds as shown in Diagram-1.

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 15
 Active Power Control

 In necessity, the active power output of the wind power plants should be
automatically controlable with the rate of %20-%100 of it’s total installed capacity
with the signals will be sent by TEİAŞ.

 a) The speed of the load shedding in minute for the Wind Power Plants which have
installed capacity equal or less than 100 MW will be %5 of it’s installed capacity.

 b) The speed of the load shedding in minute for the Wind Power Plants which have
installed capacity higher than 100 MW will be %4 of it’s installed capacity.

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 16
Frequency Reaction of the Wind Power Plants

%100
Active Power of Wind Power Plant

%40

47.5 50 50.3 51.5

Frequancy, Hertz
Diagram-3
17
Frequency Reaction of WPP’s

 If the frequency of the grid is higher than 50.2 Hz, there will be no permission for
additional WPP’s connection to the grid.

 Wind turbines will be able to generate all of it’s available capacity on the condition
that the grid frequency is between 47.5-50.3 Hz.

 In the condition that the grid frequency is higher than 50.3 Hz, the curve in diagram-
3 will be followed and for each 100 mHz frequency increase, load sheding will be
applied with the rate of %5 of it’s available capacity.

18
 Reactive Power Capacity
Active Power(%)

_
%100
_
%90
_
Power Factor: 0.95 %80 Power Factor: 0.95
_
%70
_
%60
_
%50
_
%40
_
Power Factor: 0.835 %30 Power Factor: 0.835

_
%20
_
%10

Low Exitation Region High Exitation Region

Reactive Power(%)

Diagram-4
At the connection point to the grid, the wind power plants will be able to
operate for the power factor values in the region defined with the bold lines.
19
Technical data which is required from Wind Power Plants by
TEİAŞ
 Number of wind turbines and nominal power (MWe) and the type of each
turbine (asynchronized , synchronized ).

 Grid Connection types of turbines (directed; double fed, synchronized

generator, AC/DC/AC converter synchronized generator).

 Operational conditions of wind turbines for minimum and maximum wind

speed values (the graphics which shows the changes in the generation of
wind power plants according to the wind speed).

 The type and the label of systems will be constructed to limit the flicker
effect of voltage and current harmonics.

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 20
Thank You for Your Attention !

Investment Workshop
11-12 November 2009 21