CHILD & ADOLESCENCE

KARIN GAYLE R. FREDELUCES

 FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

SIGMUND FREUD

• Born - May 6 1856 in Freiberg Moravia

• Graduated from Vienna University

• Physiologist, Medical Doctor, Psychologist

• Father of Psychoanalysis

• Died of cancer in 1939

 FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

• Freud believed that

people could be cured
by making conscious their
unconscious thoughts
and motivations, thus
gaining "insight".

• The aim of psychoanalysis

therapy is to release
repressed emotions and
experiences, i.e. make
the unconscious
conscious.
 FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

ID EGO SUPER EGO

• Primitive features that • Develops around the

are driven by an • Develops around the age of 5 and focuses
unconscious need for age of 2 and focuses on the internal morals.
pleasure. on the reality principle.

• Present at birth. • Develops thru

• It reduces the conflict
between the ID and the socialization, knowing
• Displays itself as selfish SUPEREGO by what is right & wrong.
and demands implementing defense
gratification. mechanisms.
FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

Freud’s theory of psychosexual development is

represented amongst five stages.

According to Freud, each stage occurs within a

specific time frame of one’s life.

If one becomes fixated in any of the five stages,

he or she will develop personality traits that
coincide with the specific stage and its focus.
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

ORAL STAGE
• 0 – 18 months
• The mouth is the pleasure center for
development.

• Oral stimulation is crucial during this stage.

• Fixation in this stage: (Adult Habits)

 Thumb-Sucking
 Smoking
 Over-Eating
 Nail Biting

• Personality traits that can be developed:

 Optimism
 Independence
 Pessimism
 Hostility
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

ANAL STAGE
• 18 months – 3 yrs
• The anus or the eliminative functions are the greatest
pleasure principle at this stage.

• Parents stress toilet training & bowel control during this

period.

• Fixation in this stage: (Anal Retentive)

 Being overly-neat
 Precise
 Orderly

• Fixation in this stage: (Anal Expulsive)

 Disorganized
 Messy
 Destructive
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

PHALLIC STAGE
• 3 yrs – 6 years of age
• The phallic stage focuses on the genitals as pleasure
seeking areas of the body.

• Child discovers the physical differences of two sexes

and become confused on their bodies.

• Oedipus Complex
 Boys’ feeling of sexual desire for parent of opposite sex (Mother)

• Electra Complex
 Girls’ feeling of sexual desire for parent of opposite sex (Father)

• Fixation in this stage: (Anal Expulsive)

 Problems in relationship
 Males take pride on their masculinity & sexuality
 Women become flirtatious and promiscuous.
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

LATENCY STAGE
• 6 – 11 years of age
• On this stage, child represses sexual urges
and thoughts and focuses on nonsexual
activities.

• Focuses on developing social and

intellectual activities.

 Peer and family interaction

 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

GENITAL STAGE
• 11 to puberty stage (18)
• It is the stage for sexual
reawakening, but the source of
sexual pleasure now became
someone outside the family.

• Task is to develop healthy adult

relationships

 Peer and family interaction

 PIAGET’S STAGES OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT

JEAN PIAGET

• Born - August 9 1896 in Switzerland

• Graduated from University of Zurich

• Swiss Psychologist known for his work on

child development

• Piaget placed great importance on the

education of children.

• Died 16 September 1980

 PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT

• Piaget's theory of cognitive

development is a
comprehensive theory about
the nature and development of
human intelligence.

• He believed that children

construct an understanding of
the world around them,
experience discrepancies
between what they already
know and what they discover in
their environment, then adjust
their ideas accordingly
PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
 PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT

THE CHILDREN'S PLAY IS MAINLY CATEGORIZED BY SYMBOLIC PLAY AND MANIPULATING SYMBOLS.
PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
THOUGHTS TO PONDER