INFLECTIONAL AFFIX

Shafiera Maharani Putri

121711233002
 CONTENTS

01 Definition 02 The Examples

Question and
03 Answer 04 Reference's
 01
The Definition
Inflectional morphology
is which deal with the
inflected forms of words,
that is the kind of vari-
ation that words exhibit
on the basis of their
grammatical context.
In inflection there are
lexeme, word from, and
grammatical word.

And have a regular and

irregular inflection
a new term for the more
abstract kind of word of
which the word
forms performs,
performed and perform
are all inflectional variants.
This more abstract kind of
word call a lexeme
The most straightforward way
to define the term word form
is to tie it so closely to
pronunciation that
pronunciation is its sole
criterion: two word forms are
the same if and only if they are
pronounced the same, or are
homophonous.
It will be seen that one lexeme
may be represented by more
than one word form, and one
word form may represent
more than one lexeme; what
links a word form with a
lexeme in a given context is
the grammatical word that
the word form expresses there.
The plural form of any
countable
a noun will be formed by
adding to the singular form the
suffix -s (or
rather, the appropriate
allomorph of this suffix); in
other words, suffixing -s is the
regular method of forming
plurals.
Irregular is a kind of
idiosyncrasy that dictionaries
need to acknowledge by
indications.
Most countable nouns in
English have two word forms:
a singular and a plural.
Inflectionally, for any noun
lexeme X, there are just two
grammatical words, ‘singular
of X’ and ‘plural of X’,
contrasting in number.
This idiosyncratic lack of a
morphological singular form
creates a problem in contexts
where the syntax seems to
require such a form, as when
the noun is preceded by the
indefinite article a or an.There
is a conventional
circumlocution or periphrastic
form.
In morphology we are mainly concerned
with the behaviour of words which
belong to open classes, namely nouns,
adjectives, verbs and adverbs. These
classes are so called because their
membership can be added to, and indeed
is added to constantly as new words
come into use.
This is the kind of morphology inflection
has only a marginal role in English, being
limited to pronouns; but, if we treat (say)
HE as a lexeme, we must recognise it as
having two
forms: he (nominative case) and him
(accusative case).
When two grammatical words that are
distinct for some lexemes are
systematically identical for others, as
here, these forms are said to be
syncretised, or to exhibit syncretism.
An umbrella term for
prefixes and suffixes
(broadly , speaking for all
morphemes that are not
roots) is affix. Only root
morphemes can be free,
so affixes are necessarily
bound.
So inflectional affix is
affixes an expresses
grammatical contrast, in
some givens grammatical
context that is for stem's
word class and does not
change the word class of
its stem.
 The Types of
Inflectional Affix

-s noun plural

-'s noun progressive

-s verb present tense
third person singular
-ing verb present
participle/ gerund
-ed verb simple past
tense
-en verb past perfect
participle
-er adjective comparative

-est adjective superlative

 02
The Examples
THE EXAMPLE FOR
LEXEME

words as lexemes are written in small capitals,

while words as inflected forms continue to be
represented in italics. We can now say that
performs, performed and perform are all
inflected forms of the lexeme PERFROM, and we
can describe the grammatical function of
performed by calling it the past tense form of
the verb PERFORM.
THE EXAMPLE FOR
GRAMMATICALLY
WORD
the term grammatical word for designations
like ‘the plural of the noun ROW’, ‘the third
person singular present tense of the verb
ROW’, and ‘the past tense of the verb
PERFROM.
THE EXAMPLE FOR
REGULAR

two or three nouns that form their plural in

some other
way than by adding -s: for example, CHILD has
the plural form children, TOOTH has that the
plural teeth, and MAN has the plural men.
THE EXAMPLE FOR
IRREGULAR

tooth noun (plural teeth). One of a set of hard

white structures set in the jaw and used for
biting and chewing. Such nouns, in short, are
irregular in their plural formation
Thus, to the lexeme CAT
 THE EXAMPLE FOR
PERIPHRASTIC FORM

*That scissors belongs in the top drawer.

*Your pants has a hole in the seat.

We can say neither *a scissor nor *a scissors, and likewise neither *a

pant nor *a pants. However, for these lexemes, there is a conventional
circumlocution or periphrastic form: pair of pants and pair of scissors
(as in That pair of scissors belongs in the top drawer)
THE EXAMPLE FOR
OPEN CLASSES

By contrast, one does not expect in English to

encounter a new p ronoun(a word such as I or
she or us) or a new preposition (a word such
as in
or at or without).
THE EXAMPLE FOR
CASE

*He loves her.

*She loves him.

He and him are sometimes said to contrast in

case, he belonging to the nominative case and
him belonging to the accusative case.
THE EXAMPLE FOR
SYNCRETISM

The same syncretism also occurs with some

irregular verbs, such as DIG and STING (past =
perfect participle dug, stung) and all those that
use the suffix -t, such as BEND,FEEL, and TEACH
(bent, felt, taught).
THE EXAMPLE FOR
AFFIX

We have already noticed that the morphemes

-ful and -ness of helpfulness cannot stand on
their own. It is easy for anyone who is a native
speaker of English to check that the same is true
of all the morphemes that I have identified as
prefixes and suffixes
SCISSORS BOOKS

-S NOUN
PLURAL
CLOTHES TABLES
 Paul's bag Jack's bike
01

04-'S NOUN
PROGRESSIVE

Mira's scissor Angel's umbrella

 He teaches
She gets

-S
VERB PAST
TENSE
THIRD
He takes PERSON
She
SINGULAR brings
She is walking He is running

--ing verb
present
participle/
He is sleeping gerund She is swimming
I walked 01
She talked

-ed
04 verb
simple past
He cried tens I runed
 Been
Eaten

-en verb past

perfect
participle
Taken
Given
Braver Angier

-er
adjective
comparative Bigger
Bloder
Closest 01
Biggest

04
-est
adjective
superlative
Fairest Coolest
 03
The Question &
Answer
 THE QUESTIONS

1. What is inflectional morphology?

2. What is the differences between suffixes -s/-ed and -ance?

3. Why the verb perform has an -s suffix is that the subject

of the verb?

4. How to define the term word form?

5. What is suppletion?
6. Find a inflection word at that sentence
The teacher’s frankness shocked the boy’s parents.

7. What are the types of that inflection at the quetion

number 6?

8. Find a inflection word at that sentence

Tomorrow in my college will be carried out a meeting
and I shall be a speaker it.

9. What are the types of that inflection at the quetion

number 8?

10. Give a example sentece that have a inflectional affixes?

 THE ANSWERS

1. The differences is the suffixes -s and -ed are dependent on the grammatical
context, while suffix -ance is not dependent on the grammatical context.
2. Because the noun phrase denoting the person doing the performing is singular
(this pianist), not plural (these pianists).
3. The inflected forms of words, that is the kind of variation
that words exhibit on the basis of their grammatical context.
4. Tie it so closely to pronunciation that pronunciation is its sole criterion: two
word forms are the same if and only if they are pronounced the same, or are
homophonous.
5. The relationship between roots rather than between allomorphs, is consistent
with the ‘concrete’ view of allomorphy outlined just now in relation to the plural
suffixes.
6. Teacher’s, shocked, boy’s and parents.

7. -'s, -ed, -'s, and -s

8. Carried,meeting and speaker.

9. -ed, -ing, and -er

10. Andi had been received in military and Andi will be

trained to be a shooter.
 04
Reference's
https://glossary.sil.org/term/inflecti
onal-affix

http://lgzsoldos.blogspot.com/2011/03/
inflectional-affixes-of-english.html?m=1

An Introduction to English Morphology:

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