GROUP 2

Rieke Mawar
Aurelia Dwiari

Enrico
Wawan Tjoanda
Agus
Maya
Elliyah Dwi
Alam
Fatma
Yudistira
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia
• Enlargement of the prostate
is called benign prostatic
hyperplasia (BPH). It occurs
when the cells of the
prostate gland begin to
multiply. These additional
cells cause your prostate
gland to swell, which
squeezes the urethra and
limits the flow of urine.
BPH CAUSES
• The prostate gland is located beneath your
bladder. The tube that transports urine from the
bladder out of your penis (urethra) passes
through the center of the prostate. When the
prostate enlarges, it begins to block urine flow.

• It isn't entirely clear what causes the prostate to

enlarge. However, it might be due to changes in
the balance of sex hormones as men grow older.
BPH symptoms
incomplete bladder emptying
nocturia, which is the need to urinate
two or more times per night
a weak urinary stream
a sudden urge to urinate
a slowed or delayed urinary stream
painful urination
blood in the urine
BPH diagnosis
• Urinalysis: Your urine is checked for blood and
bacteria.
• Prostatic biopsy: A small amount of prostate
tissue is removed and examined for
abnormalities.
• Urodynamic test: Your bladder is filled with
liquid via a catheter to measure the pressure
of your bladder during urination.
• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: This blood
test checks for cancer of the prostate.
• Post-void residual: This tests the amount of
urine left in your bladder after urination.
• Cystoscopy: This is the examination of your
urethra and bladder with a tiny lighted scope
that is inserted into your urethra
• Intravenous pyelography or urography: This
is an X-ray exam or CT scan that is done after
a dye is injected into your body. The dye
highlights your entire urinary system on the
images produced by the X-ray or CT.
 RISK FACTORS
• Aging. Prostate gland enlargement rarely causes signs
and symptoms in men younger than age 40. About
one-third of men experience moderate to severe
symptoms by age 60, and about half do so by age 80.
• Family history. Having a blood relative, such as a father
or a brother, with prostate problems means you're
more likely to have problems.
• Diabetes and heart disease. Studies show that
diabetes, as well as heart disease and use of beta
blockers, might increase the risk of BPH.
• Lifestyle. Obesity increases the risk of BPH, while
exercise can lower your risk.
BPH treatment
• Treatment of BPH can
begin with self-care. If
symptoms don’t
subside through self-
care, medication or
surgery may be
recommended. Your
age and general health
will also influence the
prescribed treatment.
 BPH PREVENTION
• urinating as soon as you feel the urge
• going to the bathroom to urinate, even when you
don’t feel the urge
• avoiding over-the-counter decongestants or
antihistamine medications, which can make it
harder for the bladder to empty
• avoiding alcohol and caffeine, especially in the
hours after dinner
• reducing your stress level, as nervousness can
increase the frequency of urination
• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/benign-prostatic-
hyperplasia/symptoms-causes/syc-20370087

• https://www.healthline.com/health/enlarged-
prostate#natural-treatment