• Definition

– The relay which does not contain any

moving parts is known as the static relay.
– In such type of relays, the output is obtained
by the static components like magnetic and
electronic circuit etc.
– The relay which consists static and
electromagnetic relay is also called static relay
because the static units obtain the response and
the electromagnetic relay is only used for
switching operation.
• Advantages
– The static relay consumes very less power
because of which the burden on the measuring
instruments decreases and their accuracy
increases.
– The static relay gives the quick response, long
life, high reliability and accuracy and it is
shockproof.
– The reset time of the relay is very less.
– It does not have any thermal storage
problems.
• Advantages
– The relay amplifies the input signal which
increases their sensitivity.
– The chance of unwanted tripping is less in
this relay.
– The static relay can easily operate in
earthquake-prone areas because they have
high resistance to shock.
• Disadvantages
– The components used by the static relay are
very sensitive to the electrostatic discharges.
The electrostatic discharges mean sudden flows
of electrons between the charged objects. Thus
special maintenance is provided to the
components so that it does not affect by the
electrostatic discharges.
– The relay is easily affected by the high
voltage surges. Thus, precaution should be
taken for avoiding the damages through voltage
spikes.
• Disadvantages
– The working of the relay depends on the
electrical components.
– The relay has less overloading capacity.
– The static relay is more costly as compared to
the electromagnetic relay.
– The construction of the relay is easily affected
by the surrounding interference.
Components

Unit IV
Over Current Relay

Unit IV
Instantaneous Over Current Relay

Unit IV
Directional Static Over Current Relay

Unit IV
Differential Static Relay

Unit IV
Static Distance Relay

Unit IV
Digital Relay

Unit IV
Operation of Digital Relay

Unit IV
 Advantages of Digital Relay

1. High level of functionality integration.

2. Additional monitoring functions.
3. Functional flexibility.
4. Capable of working under a wide range of
temperatures.
5. They can implement more complex function
and are generally more accurate
6. Self-checking and self-adaptability.

Unit IV
 Advantages of Digital Relay

7. Able to communicate with other digital

equipment (pear to pear).
8. Less sensitive to temperature, aging
9. Economical because can be produced in
volumes
10. More Accurate.
11. Plane for distance relaying is possible
12. Signal storage is possible

Unit IV
 Disadvantages of Digital Relay

1. Short lifetime due to the continuous

development of new technologies.
2. The devices become obsolete rapidly.
3. Susceptibility to power system transients.
4. As digital systems become increasingly more
complex they require specially trained staff for
Operation.
5. Proper maintenance of the settings and
monitoring data.
Unit IV
Unit IV
 The distinction between digital and numerical
relays is particular to Protection.
 Numerical relays are natural developments of
digital relays due to advances in technology.
 They use one or more digital signal processors
(DSP) optimized for real time signal processing,
running the mathematical algorithms for the
protection functions.

Unit IV
Unit IV
Unit IV
Unit IV
Unit IV
Thank You…!