UNSTABLE LAND

REPORT BY: ELVIN ALCAIDE

REMEDIOS ESTINOR
SHERRENE GRACE ARMA
What is Unstable Land?

 A ground that moves is unstable land

 The part of the earth surface that changes or moves in ways that are
disruptive to people’s lives and property.
 Different type of Unstable Land

Subsidence Soil Creeps

Sinkhole

Mudflows and Debris flows Landslide

Landslide
 A general term for the downslope movement of masses of rock, soil, or
debris.
 Also referred as mass movement.
 Landslide can be very large or small.
 In many cases it occur repeatedly in he same area.
 It can be triggered by earthquake, heavy rain, or snowmelt, volcanic
eruption, human activities or a simply by steep slope collapsing under the
force of gravity.
Mudflows and Debris Flows
 Flows of relatively coarse materials.
 A landslide that saturated with water.
 They form rivers of mud, rock, soil and other debris that takes consistency of
liquid cement and can level just about anything in their path.
 They are the destructive natural disaster.
 They commonly accompany heavy rains or volcanic eruption.
Soil Creeps
 Less dramatic than landslides, mudflows, and debris flows but still
destructive.
 Are the very slow, downhill movement of soil.
 It happen too slowly for people to see, but it will gradually tilt trees or fence
posts and can tilt and break building foundation.
 Soil creeps take place takes place in the top several feet of the soil and is
caused by differences in soil expansion and contraction.
Sinkholes
 A crater like hole that form when land surface collapsed.
 It is form on land that is underlain by a network of underground channels and
caves and also called karst.
 Karst regions are characterized by cave, sinkholes, underground streams and
other features formed by the slow dissolving of rocks.
 It is commonly form in what seems to be a gentle and stable landscape.
 The problem caused by sinkhole are when they open up and devour homes,
cars, or streets, but there is another problem with sinkhole that is caused by
people.
 In some places, people use sinkhole as garbage dumps and dispose everything
from refrigerators to dead animals.
 Disposing of garbage in sinkhole can seriously degrade the quality of ground
water because sinkhole provides a direct path for pollutants to enter the ground
water systems.
Sinkholes
Subsidence
 The gradual lowering of the land surface over large areas.
 It also cause by the withdrawal of ground water.
 Once a water has been removed from compressible unconsolidated
materials, it compacts and the ground surface sink.
 This is a permanent change because the materials has now lost its porosity
and will not decompact, even if ground water, even if ground water
extraction stops and the water table rises.
 Pumping of ground water for irrigation is an example.
Causes of Unstable Land
 Friction and cohesion
 Material properties
 Role of the water table
 Precipitation
 Earthquakes
 Vegetation
 People’s change to the land
 Volcanic Eruption
 Steepened Slopes
Living with Unstable Land
 It causes unsafe environment, lost of life, and economic hardship.

What can we do to minimize the risk of

living with unstable land?
 Identify hazardous area
 Assessing risk
 Land-use choices
 Design and Engineering responses
 Landslide mitigation strategies