POWER

UNIT – V SYSTEM
ANALYSIS

Stability Analysis
Power System Stability

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Power System Steady State Stability

 The ability of an electrical machine or power system

to regain its Original/Previous state is called Steady
State Stability.
 The stability of a system refers to the ability of a
system to return to its steady state when subjected
to a disturbance.

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Power System Transient Stability

 The ability of a synchronous power system

to return to stable condition and maintain its
synchronism following a relatively large
disturbance arising from very general
situations like switching ON and OFF of
circuit elements, or clearing of faults, etc. is
referred to as the Transient stability in
power system.

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Power System Dynamic Stability

 Transient Stability involves the study of

the power system following a major disturbance.
 The ability of a power system to
maintain stability under continuous small
disturbances is investigated under the name
of Dynamic Stability (also known as small-
signal stability).

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Power System Stability

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Swing Equation
for SMIB
System
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Swing Equation for SMIB System

Assumptions made in stability studies.

1. Machines represents by classical model
2. The losses in the system are neglected (all
resistance are neglected)
3. The voltage behind transient reactance is
assumed to remain constant.
4. Controllers are not considered ( Shunt and series
capacitor )
5. Effect of damper winding is neglected.

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

A synchronous generator is driven by a prime

mover. The equation governing the rotor motion
is given by:

Swing Equation

Enter

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Swing Equation for SMIB System

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Power System
Transient
Stability

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Power System Transient Stability

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Power System Transient Stability

How to improve?
 Increase in the X/R ratio in the power system
increases the power limit of the line.
 High speed circuit breakers helps to clear the fault
as quick as possible.
 By Turbine fast valving.
 Use of Auto Re-closing: Majority of the faults in the
power system will be momentary and can be self
cleared.
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Critical clearing angle
 Critical clearing angle is “The load angle at
which the fault will be clear and the system
becomes stable”.

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Critical clearing Time
 The Critical Clearing Time is the
maximum time during which a disturbance can
be applied without the system losing its stability.
The aim of this calculation is to determine the
characteristics of protections required by the
power system.

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Power System Transient Stability

Critical Clearing Time and Angle

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Swing Equation
by Modified
Euler Method
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Swing Equation by Modified Euler
Method

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Swing Equation by Modified Euler
Method

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Swing Equation by Modified Euler
Method

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Swing Equation by Modified Euler
Method

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Swing Equation
by Modified RK
Method
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Swing Equation by Modified RK
Method

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