Erica Imarinda Agustine 155130101111037

Nurul Insyirah Rahim 155130101111039

Cheppy Aprilian Samputra 155130101111042
Zahrania Marsha Amira 155130107111001
Syasya Yusrina Haida 155130107111004
Hana Mitsuki Putri 155130107111013
 Acute and chronic medical conditions associated with cord injury
are a large source of medical morbidity and mortality
 Neurogenic shock, pneumonia, decubitus ulcers, osteoporsis,
urinary tract infections spasticity, and pain syndromes are a few
of the many prlems that plague cordinjured patients.
 The best source for stem cells has yet to be determined.
 Bone marrow and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells,
hematopoetic stem cells, neural precursor cells, remains elusive
 Stem cell injection model without antecedent
spinal cord injury
 Using adult monkey neural stem cells, showed
that sensory and motor function improved more rapidly
compared with controls. In addition, control animals
only showed perceptible joint movements, whereas the
stem cell injected animals showed active limb
movements. In line with this, the control animals
developed bed sores and muscle atrophy, but the stem
cell animals did not.
 Another study showed that stem cell injected
monkey demonstrated improved bar grip,
spontaneous motor activity, and tread mill tests
compared with control animals. This same group of
investigators also demonstrated that human neural
stem cells modified with galectin-1 showed even
greater improvement in behavioral scores compared
with non modified human neural stem cells. The
third study was not designed to test the efficacy of
stem cells, but did show a trend toward improved
hind limb function in stem cell treated animals
 Animals who received autologous stem cells had higher
Olby scores (i.e., a gait scoring scale used in dogs)
compared with the allogenic stem cell group
 using human-derived neural stem cells combined with
Matrigel versus Matrigel alone showed significantly better
functional recovery in the animals who received cells
 increased Olby values and somatosensory restorations-
generated potential in animals receiving cord blood dogs
compared with the control group. studies that use cord
blood cells and adipose-derived stem cells.
 The functional outcome, as measured by
Olby, Tarlov, or Basso, Beattie, and
Bresnahan scales, were higher in the stem
cell groups compared with control groups.
some improvement in bowel and bladder
function, tail control, and pain responses in
some animals receiving autologous bone
marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.