Simple Method Contraception

Dwi Mega Rahayu (17030008)

Gita Anggraini W. (17030012)
Wika Novianti (17030024)
Asyifa Bestarina R. (17030033)
 Simple Method Contraception

A. Amenorrhoea Lactation Method

B. Natural Family Planning Method
C. Intercourse was Interrupted
D. Barrier Method
 Amenorrhoea Lactation Method
 Lactation amenorrhea method (MAL) is contraception that
relies exclusively on breast milk, meaning only breastmilk is
given without any additional food or drink.
 Contraceptive Benefits
• There are no systemic side effects
• No need for medical supervision
• No need for drugs or tools and no feels
 Non-contraceptive benefits
FOR BABY :
• Get passive immunity (antibodies from Breast milk)
• Breast Milk is the best source of nutritional intake & perfect
for optimal baby growth
FOR MOTHER :
• Reducing postpartum bleeding
• Reducing the risk of anemia
• Improve psychological & maternal
relationships
 Lack of MAL
• High effectiveness only until the return of
menstruation / up to 6 months
• Does not protect against STIs including
hepatitis B virus & HIV / AIDS
 Natural Family Planning Method
Kinds of KBAs:
1. Billing Ovulation Method (MOB)
2. Basal Temperature Method
3. Symptothermal Method
4. Calendar Method
 Ways of working
• ovulation mucous method & symptothermal
method are the most effective.
• Ineffective ways, for example: calendar /&
basal temperature method due to high failure
(> 20%) & longer abstinence time.
 Contraceptive Benefits
• Can be used to avoid / achieve pregnancy
• There are no health risks associated with
contraception
 Non-contraceptive benefits
• Increasing male involvement in family planning
• Increase knowledge about the reproductive system
by men & women
 Lack of KBA
• As a moderate contraceptive
• Effectiveness depends on the partner's willingness
 Who Cannot use KBA
• Women who are in terms of age, parity / health
problems make pregnancy a high risk condition
• Women before menstruation
 Billing Ovulation Method (MOB)
 The MOB can recognize the fertile period by
monitoring cervical mucus that comes out of the
vagina, observes all day & can be drawn conclusions
at night. Check the mucus with your fingers / tissue
outside the vagina & notice the change in dry-wet
feeling, it is not recommended to check it into the
vagina.
 Definition of Mucus
• Dry days: after menstrual blood is clean, most mothers one to several days
do not see mucus & the vaginal area feels dry
• Fertile days: when the mucus is observed before ovulation, the mother is
considered fertile when there is mucus even though the type of mucus is
thick & sticky.
 For Contraception / Avoiding Pregnancy
• Abstain from intercourse for at least one cycle, so that the mother
will recognize the days of mucus
• On dry days after menstruation, it is safe to have intercourse one
night (alternating rules). This will avoid the mother being confused
with sperma
 For Conception / Achieving Pregnancy
Having intercourse in each cycle during the day there is mucus that
feels stretchy, wet & slippery
 Basal Temperature Method
 Use Temperature Change Rules:
• Measure the mother's temperature at almost
the same time every morning (before getting
out of bed) & record the mother's
temperature on the card provided by the KBA
instructon
• Fertile period starts in the afternoon after the third
day in a row the temperature is above the protective
line (temperature change rule)
• Abstain from intercourse starting from
the beginning of the menstrual cycle
until the third afternoon in a row after
the temperature is above the protective
line (cover line). Abstinence from the
temperature change rule is longer than
the use of MOB
 Symptothermal Method
• After menstrual blood stops, the mother can have intercourse on a
dry night intermittently for a day during infertility. This is the rule of
the dry day interval (the initial rule). The same rule with the cervical
mucus method
• Fertile period begins when there is a feeling of wetness /
appearance of mucus, this is the initial rule. The same rule with the
cervical mucus method. Abstain from intercourse until the fertile
period ends
• Abstinence from intercourse until the peak day & temperature
change rules have occurred
 Calendar Method
 BASIC:
Determine the time of ovulation of menstrual data
recorded during the last 6-12 months
 TRADITIONAL LUSH PERIOD BASED ON 3
ASSUMPTIONS:
• Ovulation occurs on day 14 plus less than 2
days before the start of the next menstruation
• Spermatozoa survive 2-3 days
• Ovum lives 24 hours
 TECHNIQUE OF CALENDAR METHODS:
• Reduce 18 days from the shortest cycle, to
determine the start of the fertile period
• Reduces 11 days of the longest menstrual cycle,
 Intercourse was Interrupted
 Disconnected intercourse is a traditional
family planning method, in which men
remove their genitals (penis) from the vagina
before a man reaches ejaculation
 Contraceptive Benefits
• Can be used as a support for other methods
• There are no side effects
• Can be used at any time and No cost
 Non-contraceptive benefits
• Increasing male involvement in family
planning
• For couples it allows a closer relationship &
very deep understanding
 Lack of Intercourse was Interrupted
• Effectiveness depends on the partner's
willingness to interrupt intercourse (failure
rate of 4-18 pregnancies per 100 women per
year)
• Deciding pleasure in sexual intercourse
 Cannot be used for:
• Men with experience of premature ejaculation
• Men who find it difficult to carry out a break
are interrupted
• Couples who are unable to communicate with
each other
 Barrier Method
• Types of Barier Methods:
a) Male condoms
b) Female condoms
c) Diaphragm
d) Cervical cap
e) Dome hat
f) Vimula
g) Spermicide
 Male Condoms
Condoms are rubber sheaths / gloves that can be
made of various materials including latex
(rubber), plastic (vinyl) or natural materials
(animal production) that are attached to the
penis during sexual intercourse. Condoms are
made of thin, cylindrical synthetic rubber with its
mouthpieceCondoms not only prevent
pregnancy, but also prevent STIs including HIV /
AIDS.
 Contraceptive Benefits
• Does not interfere with milk production
• Does not interfere with the health of the
client
• Cheap & can be purchased in general
• No need for a doctor's prescription / Special
health examiner
 Non-contraceptive benefits
• Can prevent transmission of STIs
• Prevent premature ejaculation
• Helps prevent cervical cancer (reduces
 Lack of Male Condoms
• How to use greatly affects the success of contraception
• Somewhat annoying sexual intercourse (reducing direct
touch)
• Disposing of used condoms may cause problems in terms of
waste
 How to use :
• Pair the condom when the penis is erect, attach
the tip to the glans penis & place the sperm
reservoir at the end of the urethra. Remove the
rubber roll by sliding the roll toward the base of
the penis. Installation must be done before
penetration of the penis into the vagina
• If the condom does not have a sperm reservoir
at the end, then when using it, loosen the
edges slightly so as not to tear during
ejaculation
• Condoms are released before the penis softens
• Hold the base of the condom before removing
the penis so that the condom is not released
when the penis is pulled out & remove the
condom outside the vagina to prevent spillage
 Female Condoms
 A polyurethane sheath with a length of 15 cm
and 7 cm midline open end attached to a
resilient polyurethane ring.
 Excellence of Female Condoms
• Provide protection against STIs by protecting
the vulva & urethra
• Stronger than male condoms made of latex
with a risk of smaller tearing & not weakened
by vaginal preparations, made from oil
 Lack of Female Condoms
• The initial installation process may be difficult
but with repeated use this is usually quickly
overcome
• Expensive but research is currently underway
to develop female condoms that can be
washed & reused
 How to use :
• Insert the female condom in a squatting
position, with one foot on a chair or lying down
• Press the inner ring, which is covered by a
sheath, between the thumb & other fingers &
insert the condom into the vagina like inserting
a tampon
• After the condom is inside the vagina, push the
ring in as high as possible so that the ring will
remain in that position when having sex
• The outer ring must be firmly attached to the
vulva
• Immediately after intercourse, hold the outer
ring & pull out the condom carefully
 Diaphragm
 Diaphragm is a convex round cap, made of latex
(rubber) which is inserted into the vagina before
intercourse & closes the cervix
 Diaphragm types:
• Flat spring (flat metal band)
• Coil spring (coiled wire)
• Arching spring (metal spring combination)
 Contraceptive Benefits
• Does not interfere with milk production
• Does not interfere with sexual relations because it has been
installed until 6 hours before
 Non-contraceptive benefits
• One protection against STIs / HIV / AIDS, especially when
used with spermicide
• When used during menstruation, accommodate menstrual
blood
 Lack of Diaphragm
• Success as contraception depends on compliance with how to
use it
• In some users the cause of urethral tract infections
• At 6 hours after sexual intercourse, the device still has to be
in its position
 How to use :
• First empty the bladder & wash your hands
• Make sure the diaphragm is not perforated (test by
filling the diaphragm with water / looking through
the light)
• Apply a little spermicide with cream or jelly on the
dormitory hood (to facilitate installation add cream
or jelly, squeeze together with the edges)
• Position when mounting the diaphragm:
a. One leg is lifted onto the toilet seat / seat
b. While lying down
c. Squatting down
• Spread both vaginal lips
• Insert the diaphragm into the vagina far behind,
pushing the front of the periphery upward behind
the pubic bone
• The diaphragm is installed up to 6 hours before sexual
intercourse. If intercourse lasts more than 6 hours after
installation, add spermicide to the vagina.
• Before the diaphragm is removed it is not recommended to
wash the vagina at any time, washing the vagina can be done
after being delayed 6 hours after sexual intercourse
• Lifting & pulling out the diaphragm using the index finger &
middle finger
• Wash with soap & water, dry before storing it back in its place
 Cervical Cap
 This hat is shaped like a finger holster & is
designed to be fitted to cover the cervix.
 Excellence of Cervical Cap
• Suitable for women with weak muscle tone
• Not felt by male partners and there is no
reduction in vaginal sensation
• It is less likely to cause urinary tract symptoms
 Lack of Cervical Cap
• Self-installation & removal of the cervical cap is
more difficult than the diaphragm
• The smell can arise when the cap is installed
more than one or two days
 How to use
• It is recommended to use spermicide cream or
jelly which is applied until it fills two-thirds of
the bowl
• Add a spermicide inserted into the vagina
immediately before intercourse
• The position of the cervical cap should always
be checked before coitus to ensure that the cap
is not accidentally released
• The schedule for follow-up visits is the same as
 Dome hat
• Made of rubber. a bowl shaped almost half a circle with
a thinner dome. This hat is designed to fit properly in the
vaginal dome.
• There are 5 types of sizes ranging from 55 - 75 mm with
size increases every 5 mm.
• How to use
This is identical to the cervical cap with a spermicide
material applied as much as one third of the dome cap
before the tool is installed Vimula
• Vimula is a variation of a dome hat with a long, glove-shaped
dome
 How to use
• The selection, fitting, and teaching of usage is the same as in
the cervical cap regardless of the right top edge placement
• Vimula is a solution for women who find it difficult to fit in with
an exclusive pesarium
• Yarns connected to the vimula can facilitate release as long as
the user is still learning, but must be removed after the user is
 Spermicide
Various types of:
1. Aerosol (foam)
2. Vaginal tablet or suppository
3. Cream
4. Pessary vagina
5. Spermicide wipes
6. Vaginal contraceptive sponge
 Spermicides are chemicals (usually non
oxinol-9) used to deactivate or kill sperm.
 Contraceptive Benefits
• Instantly effective (foam & cream)
• Can be used as a support for other methods
• Do not have systemic influences
 Non-contraceptive benefits
It is one of the safeguards against STIs including
HBV & HIV / AIDS
 Lack of Spermicide
• Users must wait 10-15 minutes after
application before sexual intercourse (vaginal
foam tablets, suppositories & films)
• The effectiveness of the application is only 1-2
hours
1. Aerosol (Foam)
 How to use
• Beat the aerosol place 20-30 minutes before use
• Place the container in an upward position, place
the applicator at the mouth of the container, &
press the applicator to fill the foam
• While lying down do the insertion applicator into
the vagina approaching the cervix, pushing until
the foam comes out
• The applicator is immediately washed using soap
& water, drain & dry. Don't share the applicator
with other people
• Aerosol preparations may be difficult to use if the
container is not shaken properly. This
preparation is also expensive & not
environmentally friendly
2. Vaginal Tablet or Suppositora
 How to use
• Wash hands before opening the package
• Remove the tablet or suppository from the
package
• While lying down enter the vaginal tablet /
suppository deep into the vagina
• Wait 10-15 minutes before starting sexual
relations
• Provide always extra procurement of vaginal
tablets or suppositories on the spot
NOTE:
3. Cream
 How to use
• Insertion of contraceptive cream after being
packed into the applicator until full, insert it
into the vagina until it approaches the cervix
• Press the pusher until the cream comes out. No
need to wait for cream work
• Applicator must be washed with soap & water
according to infection prevention for tools,
drain & dry
• To facilitate cleaning of the tool, separate the
parts. Don't share the applicator with other
people
• Always provide extra cream, especially if it
turns out empty containers
4. Pessary Vagina
• The basic ingredients consist of gelatin,
glycerin or wax. Pellets are packed in tinfoil &
are easy to use
• Pesarium is not suitable for tropical countries
because it easily melts, but the melting
pesarium will re-solidify in its packaging if it is
cooled and still maintain its activity
• Pesarium is inserted about 15 minutes before
intercourse
5. Spermisida Wipes
 Spermicide tissue in the form of a kind of
water soluble semi-transparent rectangular
sheet which dissolves quickly in the vagina to
free nonoxinol-9
 How to use
If the spermicide is added more than 2 hours
before intercourse, use the spermicide a second
time
6. Vaginal Contraceptive Sponge
 This sponge is a soft white round shape with a
diameter of 5.5 cm. Made from polyurethane
foam containing 1g nonoxinol-9. To facilitate
the removal of a polyester arch linked to this
sponge
 Benefits
• Sponge can be purchased without the need for
fitting or prescription
• This method is convenient & easy to use &
especially does not pollute
• Does not require additional spermicide before
each time having sex
 Deficiency
• The relatively high failure rate
• A small number of cases of toxic shock
syndrome have been reported, the overall risk
is 1 case per 2 million use of a sponge
• Expensive
 How to use
• The sponge must be moistened evenly & inserted deeply into
the vagina
• Sponges can be left in situ for up to 24 hours
• Intimate relationships can be done repeatedly during the
period
• The sponge must remain attached for at least 6 hours after
the last intimate relationship → then removed & discarded
• Use during menstruation should be avoided
Thank You