BIG BANG

THEORY
4 PICS, 1 WORD
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T A Y U E R
T E R H I O

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an acceptable general
principle offered to explain
T A Y U E R
phenomena, based on a body
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repeatedly confirmed through
observation and experiment.

T H E O R Y ✓
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L A S Y C O
T O O M I G

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a branch of astronomy that

Linvolves
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evolution
T O Oof the M universe,
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from the Big Bang to today
and on into the future.

C O S M O L O G Y ✓
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B A Y N E G
G E B H I O

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 1 Definition Next

B A Y N E G
G E B H I O

B I G B A N G ✓
MODEL OF COSMIC
RADIATION
Procedure:
–Draw dots randomly on the surface of the uninflated
balloon.
–Quickly inflate the balloon with a pump or your breath.
Observe the dots.
MODEL OF COSMIC
RADIATION
Answer the following questions:
–Are the dots moving across the balloon?
–Why do the dots appear to be moving away from each
other?
–Do the dots themselves grow in size?
–What does the balloon symbolizes? The dots? Explain.
VIDEO:
After watching the video, answer the following
questions:
–What is Big Bang Theory?
–What are the stages of the big bang Theory?
Explain each stages.
BIG BANG THEORY

• Model
• Explain the very beginning of our universe.
• 13.7 billion years ago
• Singularity
• Expansion NOT explosion
Stellar
era

Galactic
era Seeds of galaxy

Atoms, plasma,
Era of and stars begins to
Atoms form.

Quark
Electromagnetic
and Weak
Atom size to
Inflationary Strong grapefruit size
Nuclear

Gravity
THE KEY STAGES OF THE BIG BANG
MODEL:
RADIATION ERA
• Plank Era (from zero to approximately 10-43 seconds)
– gravitational singularity before this time
– four fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak nuclear force, strong
nuclear force and gravity)
• Grand Unification (10-43 Sec)
– gravity separates from the other fundamental forces (which remain unified)
• Inflationary (10-36 Sec)
– hot and dense initial singularity
– Rapidly expansion
THE KEY STAGES OF THE BIG BANG
MODEL:
• Electroweak (10-32 Sec)
– Electromagnetic and weak nuclear force separates.
• Quark Era (10-12 Sec)
– expanded faster than the speed of light
– hot and dense
– pairs of matter and antimatter (quarks and antiquarks) were formed
– cancelled each other back into energy (annihilation).
– 1 sec - form protons and neutrons.
– Nucleosynthesis - protons and neutrons combine (creating simple
elements).
THE KEY STAGES OF THE BIG BANG
MODEL:
MATTER ERA
• Atomic Era (50000 years)
– Atoms and plasma begins to form. Thus, stars starts form.
• Galactic (200 million)
– Hydrogen and Helium
– seeds of the galaxies.
• Stellar (3 billion years)
– form stars and galaxies
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
1. Which of these is true about the Big Bang model?
a. Cosmic expansion stopped at some point in time.
b. The singularity is an established, well-defined part of the model.
c. Part of its proof is the amounts of H and He we have in the
universe today.
d. The Big Bang was a big explosion that threw matter into many
different directions
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
2. Which of the following DOES NOT support the big bang theory?
a. Redshift
b. Doppler Effect
c. too many H and He
d. Cosmic background radiation
3-5. Arrange the stages of the Big Bang model. Quark, Plank, galactic,
inflationary, stellar, electroweak, atomic, grand unification
ANSWERS:

1. C;
2. C;
3-5. plank, grand unification, inflationary, electroweak,
quark, atomic, galactic, stellar;
THANK YOU!