Literary Language

Literary Language
‘standard language’
 form of language used in it’s literary
writing
can be non-standard dialect or
standardized
can sometimes differ noticeably from
the various spoken language.
Literal Language
 Literal Language
 refers to the literal meaning of words
 uses words, phrases or sentences
precisely according to their denotation
or accepted meanings
 simple and easy to understand
 must not have different meaning
other than its accurate definition
Examples:

• The guy was eating a raspberry cake

with gusto.

• My parents was delighted to see my

academic awards.

• The fat guy was eating too much served

on his table.
Figurative Language
 Figurative Language
 the exact opposite of literal language
 uses figure of speech to define or
describe things through comparison
with something diverse
 still logical and does make sense or
that could be very true but not literal.
Figures of Speech
• Simile
 makes comparison, showing
similarities between two different
things
 draws resemblance with the help of
the words ‘as’ or ‘like’
 explicitly use connecting words
 to paint a picture for the reader and
give an example
Examples:

The Armed Forces of the Philippines

are as brave as lions.

The history paper that our teacher

gave was as tricky as a labyrinth.
• Metaphor
 implied comparison
 in which a word or phrase is applied
to an object or action to which is not
literally applicable
 comparison between two different
things and replaces the word with
another word
Examples:

 My classroom was a zoo and fell quiet

when the teacher arrived.

My teacher became a dragon for not

passing our project ealy.
• Irony
Dramatic - occurs when the audience
know a key piece of information that a
character in a play, movie, or noel
does not.

Ex: “DON’T GO IN THERE!!” yelled the girl

who was watching a horror movie in a cinema.
• Irony
 Situational - occurs when the actual
result of a situation is totally different
from what you’d expect the result to be.

Ex: A family spends a lot time and money

planning an elaborate surprise birthday party
for their mother. But it turns out , her birthday
is next one and no one knew the correct date.
She ends up fuming that no one cares enough
to remember her birthday.
• Irony
Verbal - occurs when a speaker’s
intention is the opposite of what he or
she is saying.

Ex: Jamie stepping out into the storm

and saying, “What a nice weather we’re
having!”
• Hyperbole
 involves an exaggeration of ideas for
the sake of emphasis.
 a humorous effect created by an
overstatement.
 not meant to be taken literally.
Example:

• The weather was so hot that literally

everything was on fire.

• He was such in a hurry that he drove

his car at a bazillion miles per hour.
• Personification
 is the projection of characteristics
that normally belong to humans onto
inanimate objects, animals, deities, or
forces of nature.
 include verbs of actions that only
humans do or adjectives that describe
a human condition.
 much used in visual arts.
Examples:

• I woke up early in the morning and

the sun smiled down on me.

• Whenever he smiles, her heart

skipped a beat.
• Paradox
 is a statement that may seem
contradictory but can be true.
Used to illustrate an opinion or
statement contrary to accepted
traditional ideas.
 it makes statement that often
summarize the major themes of work
they are used in.
Examples:

• This is the beginning of the end.

• If I know one thing, it’s that I know

nothing.

• Cowards die many times before their

deaths.
• Oxymoron
 two opposite ideas are joined to
create an effect.
 combination of two contradictory or
opposite words.
 a combination of an adjective
proceeded by a noun with contrasting
meanings.
Examples:

• Paid volunteers were working for the

company.

• The political scientist was asked to

give his unbiased opinion on the
current issue.
• Onomatopoeia
 imitates the natural sounds of a
thing. It creates a sound effect that
mimics natural sounds of a thing.
 appeals to the sense of hearing and
writers use it to bring story or poem to
the life of the reader's head.
Examples:

• The gushing stream flows in the forest.

• The sack fell into the river with a splash.

• The books fell on the table with a loud

thump.
• Alliteration
 derived from Latin word “Latira”.
It means “letter of alphabet”.
It is stylistic device in which a number
of word having the same first
consonant sound, occur close together
is a series.
Examples:

• Peter Piper picked a peck of

pickled peppers.

• Seven sisters slept soundly on the

sound.
• Anaphora
 which words repeat at the
beginning of successive clauses,
phrases or sentence.
 “anaphora” comes from the
Greek for “to carry up or back”.
• Examples:
• My life is my purpose. My life is
my goal. My life is my
inspiration.

• Every day, every night, in every

way, I am getting better and
better.
• Litotes
 Greek word means ‘simple’.
 employs an understatement.
 a positive statement expressed by
negating its opposite expression.
• Examples:

• The ice cream is not too bad.

• New York is not ordinary city.

• William Shakespeare was not a bad

playwright at all.
• Zeugma
 Greek work means ‘yoking’ or ‘
bonding’
which one single phrase or word joins
different parts of a sentence.
 in which a word, usually an adjective,
applies to more than one noun,
blending together grammatically and
logically different ideas.
Examples:

• She grabbed her purse from the alcove,

her gloves from the table near the door
and her car keys from the punchbowl.

• He carried a strobe light and

responsibilities for the lives of his men.
Other Figures of
Speech
• Euphemism – a word or phrase that replaces a word to
make it more polite or pleasant.
• Assonance – the repetition of vowel sounds in words that
are close together.
• Synecdoche – is when a part represents the whole or the
whole is represented by part.
• Adjunction – in which a word, phrase, or clause, is
placed at the beginning or the end of the sentence.
• Anticlimax – in which statements gradually descend in
order of importance.
• Antithesis – means opposite and is used as literary
device to put two contrasting ideas together.
• Assonance – is the repetition of vowel sounds in words
that are close together.
• Chiasmus – verbal pattern in which the second half of an
expression is balanced against the first but with the parts
reversed.
• Climax – in which words, phrases, or clauses are
arranged in order of increasing importance.
• Epigram – refers to a concise, witty, memorable, and
sometimes surprising or satirical statement.
• Metonymy – a word or phrased that is used to stand in for
another word.
• Pun – is a joke that makes a play on words.
 Members:
• Aballa, Mary Ann
• Ale, Asia
• Amestoso, Princess
• Sumbilla, Caya Yael
• Aclo, Cyra Mae