Process questions:

What is the function of the

transportation system and what
composes it?
Circulatory System
• The Body’s
Transport System
 The Circulatory System
• Consists of organs and
tissues that transport
essential materials to
body cells and remove
their waste products.

• This body system is

also known as the
CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM.
How the Circulatory System Works

• Hormones from glands

help regulate cell
activity.
• Oxygen from the lungs
combines with
nutrients to provide
energy.
• Nutrients from the
digestive system
provide food for the
cells.
 How the Circulatory System Works

• Germ fighters (antibodies)

from different parts of the
body help to fight
infection and disease.
• Wastes are carried to the
liver and kidneys for
removal from the body.
• Carbon Dioxide, a waste
gas, is carried away and
delivered to the lungs,
which remove it from the
body.
 Parts of the Circulatory System
• Pulmonary
• Heart: your heart Circulation: the flow
pumps blood blood from the heart
through two major to the lungs and
pathways. back to the heart.
• Systemic Circulation:
• Blood Vessels is the flow of blood
to all the body
• Blood tissues except the
lungs.
 The Heart
Consists of four chambers in which blood flows.
• Blood enters the R atrium and
passes through the right
ventricle.
• The R ventricle pumps the blood
to the lungs where it becomes
oxygenated.
• The oxygenated blood is brought
back to the heart by the
pulmonary veins which enter the
L atrium.
• From the L atrium blood flows to
the L ventricle.
• The L ventricle pumps blood to
the aorta which distributes the
oxygenated blood throughout
the rest of the body.
 Blood Vessels
Over 80,000 miles of blood vessels transport your blood throughout your body. There
are 3 types of blood vessels.
• Arteries: Blood
vessels that carry • Capillaries: Tiny
blood away from the tubes that carry
heart to other parts blood from the
of the body. arteries to the
body’s cells, and
• Veins: Blood vessels
then back to the
that carry blood
veins.
from the body back
to the heart.
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
 Blood: a mixture of solids in a large amount
of liquid called plasma.

• Plasma: is about
92% water. It
transports blood
solids, nutrients,
hormones, and other
materials.
• Red Blood Cells:
carry oxygen to cells
and carbon dioxide
away from them.
Blood: a mixture of solids in a large
amount of liquid called plasma.

• White Blood Cells: help

fight disease and infection
by attacking germs that
enter the body.
• Platelets: help blood form
a clot at the site of a
wound. A clot seals a cut
and prevents excessive
blood loss.
 Pulmonary Circulation
• Pulmonary circulation
transports oxygen-poor
blood from the right
ventricle to the lungs
where blood picks up a
new oxygen supply.
Then it returns oxygen
rich blood to the left
atrium.
Systemic Circulation
• Systemic circulation
provides a functional
blood supply to all
body tissue.
• It carries oxygen and
nutrients to the cells.
• It picks up carbon
dioxide and waste
products.
 Blood Pressure
As blood is moved through your body, it exerts pressure against the walls of
blood vessels.
• Systolic Pressure: as
your heart contracts to
push blood into your
arteries, your blood
pressure is at its highest
point.

• Diastolic Pressure: As your

heart relaxes to refill,
blood pressure is at its
lowest point.
 Problems of the Circulatory System

• Hypertension: is a condition in which blood

pressure is consistently higher than normal,
which can lead to heart attack, stroke, or
kidney failure.
• Stroke usually results from blood clots that
block vessels in the brain, or from the rupture
of a blood vessel.
• Heart Attack is a blockage of the flow of blood
to the heart.
 Problems of the Circulatory System

• Anemia is an abnormally low level of

hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen in
red blood cells.
• Leukemia is a disease in which extra white
blood cells are produced.
• Hemophilia is a disease in which the blood
plasma does not contain substances that help
the blood to clot.
 Care of the Circulatory System

• Limit fat in your

foods.
• Get regular physical
activity.
• Avoid tobacco.
• Manage stress.
Critical Thinking
• Compare and contrast. What
are systemic circulation and
pulmonary circulation?
• Which one carries newly
oxygenated blood?
 Process questions:

• What role does the heart play in the

circulatory system?
• Which chamber of the heart contain
oxygen-rich blood?
• Why should waste produced by the
cells be carried away by the blood?