Prestressed concrete is a system into which internal stresses are Concept of Prestressing

P deliberately induced without any form of external loads to improve

r its performance. The internal stresses induced in the concrete
structure is used to counteract the stresses coming from the external
e load application.
s the barrel. When this barrel is filled with liquid, it exerts hoop
Methods of Prestressing
t The pre stressing can be performed
r by two methods:
1. Pre tensioning
e 2. Post-Tensioning
s Pre tensioning:
In the pre tensioning method, the stress is
s induced by initially tensioning the steel
e tendons. These are wires or strands that are
tensioned between the end anchorages. After
d this tensioning process, the concrete casting is
performed.
C Once the casted concrete has hardened
o sufficiently, the end anchorages arranged are
released. This releasing transfers the pre stress
n force to the concrete. The bond between the
c concrete and the steel tendons facilitates this
stress transfer. the tendons that are protruding
r at the ends are cut and a finished look is
achieved. In order to induce pre stress force in
e the pre-tensioning method, a large number of
t tendons and wires are used. This arrangement
The process of Pre-
hence demands a large area of surface
e contact to make the bond and stress transfer
tensioning
possible.
Post Tensioning
Here, the steel is pre stressed only after the beam
is cast, cured and attain strength to take the pre
stress. Within the sheathing, the concrete is cast.
For the passage of steel cables, ducts are
formed in the concrete.
Once the casted concrete hardens completely,
the tendons are tensioned. One end of the
tendon is anchored and the other end is
tensioned. In some cases, the tensioning can be
performed from either side and anchored
subsequently.
ADVANCE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION -1
The concept can be clearly understood by the example of a
barrel. A barrel used in olden periods to transports liquids and
grains are tightly bound by metal bands. These metal bands
are fitted so tightly that it creates a hoop compression around
tension. The hoop compression that is created by the metal
bands helps to counteract the hoop tension created by the
fluid within. This is a Prestressing system.
effective internal stresses are induced into
the concrete by means of tensioned steel
bars before the concrete structure is
subjected to any service loads. This stress
counteracts with external stresses.
Advantages of Prestressed
Concrete
• The pre stressing of concrete by using
high tensile steel improve the efficiency
of the materials
Once the pre stressing is complete, • The pre stressing system works for a
there is space between the span greater than 35m.
tendons and the duct. This leads • Prestressing enhance shear strength
to: and fatigue resistance of concrete
1. Bonded Construction the • Dense concrete is provided by pre
space between the duct and stressing systems thus improving the
the tendon is filled with cement durability
grout. The grouting process • Best choice for the construction of sleek
helps the steel to resist and slender structures
corrosion to a large extent.
2. Unbonded Construction If no Disadvantages of Prestressed
grout is used to fill the space
Concrete
between the duct and tendon,
it is called as unbonded
• Higher material costs
construction. Here, the steel is
• Prestressing is an added cost
galvanized to protect from
• Formwork is more complex than for RC
corrosion. A waterproofing
The process of Post- (flanged sections, thin webs) – thus,
material is used for galvanizing.
tensioning precast not as ductile as RC
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