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The Hanging Gardens of Babylon was one of the Seven Wonders of the
Ancient World, a term given by the ancient Hellenic culture.
The Hanging Gardens were built by King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife,
Queen Amytis.
It was said to be a structure made up of layers upon layers of gardens that
contained several species of plants, trees and vines.
However, no physical evidence has been found to prove the existence of The
Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Its exact location is also unknown.
On the other hand, if it really existed , it must have been destroyed by war,
erosion or an earthquake.
ISHTAR GATE
The Ishtar Gate was the eighth gate to the inner city of Babylon. It
was constructed in about 575 BCE by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II
on the north side of the city. It was excavated in the early 20th century
and a reconstruction using original bricks is now shown in the
Pergamon Museum, Berlin.
Dedicated to the Babylonian goddess Ishtar, the gate was
constructed using glazed brick with alternating rows of bas-relief
mušḫuššu (dragons) and aurochs (bulls), symbolizing the gods
Marduk and Adad respectively.
The roof and doors of the gate were of cedar, according to the
dedication plaque. The gate was covered in LAPIS LAZULI, a deep-
blue semi-precious stone that was revered in antiquity due to its
vibrancy. These blue glazed bricks would have given the façade a
jewel-like shine. Through the gate ran the Processional Way, which
was lined with walls showing about 120 lions, bulls, dragons and
flowers on enameled yellow and black glazed bricks, symbolizing
the goddess Ishtar. The gate itself depicted only gods and
goddesses. These included Ishtar, Adad and Marduk. During
celebrations of the New Year, statues of the deities were paraded
through the gate and down the ProcessionalWay.
The gate, being part of the Walls of Babylon, was also considered
one of the original Seven Wonders of theWorld.
MAP OF BABYLONIAN CITIES
BABYLONIAN CITIES
Ur: Biblical home of the Hebrew forefather Lagash: Especially ancient city, center of artistic
Abram, later Abraham development
Uruk: Seat of the legendary king Isin: Important city to the Third Dynasty of Ur,
Gilgamesh ca. 2000 B.C., and thereafter
PEOPLE OF BABYLON
BABYLONIAN HABITAT
In 539 B.C., Babylon fell to the Persian king, Cyrus the Great
” And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldees'
excellency, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom andGomorrah.
It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to
generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shallthe
shepherds make theirfold there.”
Isaiah 13:19 – 20
Another early civilization famous for its legacy is the
Egyptian Civilization located in North Africa. Many stories tell
about the engineering feats of the Egyptians especially
regarding the infrastructures established by the pharaohs.
Aside from engineering technology, the Egyptians have
contributed other practical things that the world now
considers as essential. It is thus safe to say that the pyramids
are not the only contribution of the Egyptian civilization to
the modern world.
PAPER OR PAPYRUS
Watermills were
commonly used in
agricultural processes like
milling of grains which
was a necessary form of
food processing during
that time.
Watermills were considered better than mills powered by farm
animals because they required less effort and time to operate since
the farmer did not have to raise animals.
Rome built great stuff
Johann Gutenberg
- invented the printing press, a more reliable way of
printing using a cast type. He utilized wooden
machines that extracted juices from fruits, attached
them to a metal impression of the letters, and pressed
firmly the cast metal into a piece of paper, which
then made an exact impression on paper.
MICROSCOPE
To develop the proper medicines
for illnesses, experts must understand
sickness through an investigation.
Thus, they needed a device that
could magnify things invisible to the
eye. Guided by the principles used
for the inventions of eyeglasses in
earlier years, ZACHARIAS JANSEN was
able to develop the first compound
microscope.
TELESCOPE
Considering the
Since the vast and empty
Middle ages oceans that
was also separated lands,
known as the ship captain
Age of needed to see far
and wide for them
Exploration,
to navigate or to
the need for avoid dangers at
nautical sea. That why
inventions was telescope was
high. created.
WAR WEAPONS