POLYTRONICS

PRESENTED BY
Y,AUNDEEP
REGNO:158H1A0480
DEPT OF ECE
contents
 What is polytronics
 Plastic electronics
 Principle
 Manufacturing techniques
 Printing your circuits
 Steps
 Where its used
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 conclusion
WHAT IS POLYTRONICS…??

 Polymer + electronics

 Influence of plastic in electronics

 Certain plastic(polymers) have conductive & light

emitting property

 providing the basis of a new technology for flat–panel

displays with excellent visibility
 PLASTIC ELECTRONICS
 Plastics could be made to conduct through
doping(adding
 impurities)
 depending on their chemical structure plastics may exhibit

electrically conductive, semi-conductive or

insulating properties
 Polymers such as polythiophenes,
oligothiophenes and
 pentacene have conductive property
 electronic behavior of these polymers is very

different from inorganic semiconductors such as

silicon or gallium arsenide
 PRINCIPLE
 Principle The water based droplets contain an organic conductor-POLY
(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with a solution of polystyrene
sulphonic acid As the droplets dry they become a conducting layer and
form source and drain of a transistor. They are then coated with a layer of
semiconducting polymer (9, 9-dioctyl flourene-co-bithiophene) followed
by a dielectric layer of polyvinylphenol.Finally gate is printed, creating a
so called top gate transistor.
MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES

 Printing polymer circuits is known as Polymer

Mechatronics or Flexonics

 Developed by university of California in Berkeley

 No need of “assemble and build” technique

PRINTING YOUR CIRCUITS
 Polymer
mechatronics
or flexonics

 The entire product

would come out of
the printer

 Electronic
circuits
embedded in
the product
itself
STEPS…
 FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS

»Talk and Trash« Cell Phone

 ELECTRONIC PAPER
 paper is made of a thin layer
(coating) of conductive synthetic
material
 coating contains capsules filled
with oil, with floating black and
white pigment parts in it.
 text and pictures are displayed by
electronic ink or e-Ink.
 use plastic substrate and
electronics to make the display
flexible.
 text or the image will remain on the
electronic paper, even when the
reader is switched off
  electronic ink
Front plane

Electronic paper
 electronics required to
backplane generate the pattern of
text and images

USED IN : Electronic price tags, Bus/Train station timetables,

Electronic billboards…
ADVANTAGE : handy, light size ,Inexpensive ,reusable ,portable…
 PLASTIC BATTERIES
 Developed by Hopkins university

 Positive and negative electrodes are

thin, foil-like plastic sheets

 Electrolyte is a polymer gel film

 Does not contain hazardous chemicals

as in Ni-Cd cells

 Can be recharged and reused a

number of times without loss of power

USED IN :military and space applications , small consumer devices

 ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS
Artificial muscles
 Polymers which can be to bend,
stretch, twist or contract under
the influence of electric charge
 Have the potential to function as
artificial muscles
Smart pills
 Implanted into the body
 Have sensor, battery &EAP
valves
 Sensor activated with chemical
change
 delivered to specific tissues at
specific doses and times.
 OLEDS
 sandwiching organic thin films
between two conductors.

 Emissive displays

 Wider viewing angle(upto 160°)

 Can be read even in bright

sunlight

 Preferred choice for lighter, thinner

and flexible display screens

USED IN : televisions, laptop, cellular phones, digital video cameras,

DVD players, PDAs, car stereos
LEDs remain functionality even
under tight bending radius
 ADVANTAGES
 freedom in design

 cheap foil substrates

 light-weight

 compact portable products

 cost-effective assembly with reel-to-reel processing

 environment-friendly

 printing instead of lithography

 Scale :printing can be done with almost unlimited length

DISADVANTAGES

 Need low temperature processes

 Substrates are not flat and have many defects

 Plastics are highly permeable for water and oxygen and

offer little protection for electronic components
FUTURE
 Rollable or foldable thin film
computers

 Electronic newspaper which

continually updated

 Fruit and vegetables labels

 Invisible chips will one day be

integrated in paper, postage
stamps, bank notes etc with
intelligence
CONCLUSION

 provide a cheap method for the fabrication of simple low-cost electronic products

 Polymer materials offer a high degree of freedom and flexibility in the design of the
materials, devices and systems

 Scarcity of semiconductors and power compels the new generation to move to

polytronics.

 “THE IDEA OF POLYTRONICS IS NOT TO REPLACE SILICON TECHNOLOGY BUT TO DEVELOP

NEW APPLICATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH SILICON”