FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES

COMLEMENT
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
HISTORY & CIVICS
 “WITH GREAT POWER COMES GREAT
RESPONSIBILTY”
the Constitution of India In return the citizens are
has given power to its obligated to perform the
citizens in form of six 10 basic fundamental
fundamental rights from duties as mentioned in
Article 14 to Article 32 Article 51(A)
THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
RIGHTS & DUTIES
 
Rights facilitate our Exercising one's rights
development, while and observing one's
observance of duties duties is characteristic
ensures a smooth social of good citizenship
life.
THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
The Fundamental Rights are defined as the
Fundamental
Rights' is a charter basic human rights of all citizens. These
of rights contained
in the Constitution
of India. It
rights, defined in Part III of the Constitution,
guarantees civil
liberties such that are applied irrespective of race, place of
all Indians can
lead their lives in
peace and
birth, religion, caste, creed, or gender.
harmony as
citizens of India. They are enforceable by the courts, subject
to specific restrictions.
THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
THE FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
The Fundamental Duties are defined
as the moral obligations of all
citizens to help promote a spirit of
patriotism and to uphold the unity
of India. These duties set out in Part
IV–A of the Constitution, concern
individuals and the nation. They are
not enforceable by courts unless
otherwise made enforceable by
parliamentary law.
The Fundamental Duties impose obligation on
the citizen to observe a certain code of
conduct which helps in the progress and
development of the society and the nation.
The Fundamental Duties were introduced into
the Constitution by the 42 nd Amendment Act,
1976 by the Indira Gandhi government. Their
main function was to put national interests
over individual interests.
THE FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
By the 86th Amendment in 2002, the original 10 duties were then increased to 11, under Article 51A,
Part IV-A of the Constitution of India. These 11 fundamental duties are as follows:
Swaran Singh Committee
To oblige with the Indian Constitution and respect the National Anthem and Flag.

was under the
 To cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired the national struggle for freedom. Chairmanship of Sardar
 To protect the integrity, sovereignty, and unity of India. Swaran Singh, India's
longest-serving union
To defend the country and perform national services if and when the country requires.

cabinet minister and based
 To promote the spirit of harmony and brotherhood amongst all people of India and renounce any practices on its recommendations,
that are derogatory to women. the government
 To cherish and preserve the rich national heritage of our composite culture. incorporated several
 To protect and improve the natural environment including lakes, wildlife, rivers, forests, etc.
changes to the Constitution
including the Preamble,
 To develop scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of enquiry. through the 42nd
 To safeguard all public property. Amendment of the
 To strive towards excellence in all genres of individual and collective activities.
Constitution of India which
included the fundamental
The 11th fundamental duty which was added to this list is: duties of Indian
 To provide opportunities of education to the children between 6-14 years of age, and parents to ensure that Constitution.
such opportunities are being awarded to their child.
RIGHTS ARE CORRELATIVE TO DUTIES
 Right to education is a fundamental right under
article 21A whereby it is provisioned to provide
free and compulsory education to children of 6–
14 years age group.
Fundamental duties under article 51A provision
a responsibility on parents and guardians to
send Children of 6–14 years age group to
school.
 Right to life and liberty(article 21) has provision
for clean environment.
Fundamental duties imply a responsibility upon
citizens to preserve forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife
etc. - a clean and green environment.
 Here right and duty are complementary.
FREEDOM CALLS FOR ANSWERABILITY

Freedom of Assembly :
Indian citizens have the
freedom to assemble
peacefully and without
arms
Thus, citizens can call
public meetings; they can
organize agitations,
morning marches (prabhat
feries), protest rallies etc.
 While enjoying
freedom, citizens need
to ensure that they do
not violate peace,
disturb social order or
harm public health
morality or national
interest
THE FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES INTERACT
WITH FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
The human interaction is free but there
is a moral element to every interaction.
The fundamental duties interact with
For example be it between parent and fundamental rights and fundamental
child or citizen or state. The moral rights enable duties to be fulfilled,
indicating that both are complimentary
element towards each other ( from an to each other.
individual to another individual ; from
State to Individual) is nothing but it is
pronounced as duty. Now, when the
duties are protected by law, they
becomes rights.
TWO SIDES OF THE SAME COIN
 If the state gives the
right to life to a citizen,
it also imposes an
obligation on him to not
to expose his life to
dangers, as well as to
respect the life of
others.
Right: Right to equality, including equality

before law, prohibition of discrimination
on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or
place of birth, and equality of
opportunity in matters of employment,
abolition of un-touchability and abolition
of titles.
Duty: The spirits of common brotherhood

and harmony have to be promoted by all
the citizens wherein they need to
transcend all forms of diversities
pertaining to religion, language and
region. All the practices that are
derogatory to the dignity of women have
to be renounced.
FUNDAMENTALS IN THE WEST
In the West, or at least the US, they tend
not to impose duties upon people except
where necessary;
The role of government is more about
protecting people’s rights - to life,
liberty, and property, among others
enumerated and un-enumerated.
The duties that “complement” these
rights tend to fall along the lines of
doing things that are necessary to allow
government to engage in these
protections.
They include things like paying taxes
(because running the government that
protects your rights costs money), serving
on juries (because one of their rights is
to trial by a jury of one’s peers), etc.
Some duties are sort of implied but not
explicitly required, like voting - They say
it is one’s “civic duty” to vote (because
how is a democracy supposed to
function if no one votes?), but it’s not
actually required by law, like paying
taxes or serving jury duty when called
upon.
PRIVILEGE & ACCOUNTABILITY
 A fundamental right  Hence the primary
exists by virtue of the
fact that you are a
human being whereas a
fundamental duty too
exists as a responsibility
on you as a human
being.
difference between
fundamental right and
fundamental duty is that
fundamental right is
based on privilege
granted to you whereas
fundamental duty is
based on accountability.
RELATION BETWEEN RIGHTS & DUTIES
Right of One is the Duty of Others: Rights can be enjoyed only in the world of duties. For
every right there is corresponding duty. When the people fail to discharge their duties
properly, the rights all become meaningless. “I can enjoy my rights only if the others allow
me to do the same. I have the right to life and it is the duty of others to respect my life and
not to cause any harm to me.”
Rights of a Citizen also implies Duties for him: Rights are not the monopoly of a single
individual. Everybody gets these equally. This means that “others also have the same rights
which I have, and it is my duty to see that others also enjoy their rights.”
Rights are to be used for Social Good: Rights originate in society. Therefore, while enjoying
rights, we must always try to promote social interest. It is the duty of every one of us to use
our rights for promoting the welfare of the society as a whole.
THANK YOU