ADVERBS

ADVERB comes from the Latin

word ADVERBIUM, from ad –
(“to”), verbum (“word,
“verb”), and the normal suffix
–ium.
ADVERBS are words that modify
a VERB, ADJECTIVE, ANOTHER
ADVERB, DETERMINER, NOUN
PHRASE, CLAUSE, PREPOSITION,
or SENTENCE.
ADVERBS typically express
MANNER, PLACE, TIME,
FREQUENCY, DEGREE, and
LEVEL OF CERTAINTY.
ADVERBIAL FUNCTIONS
1. ADVERBS OF MANNER
They are used to tell
us the way or how
something is done.
Examples:

1. She plays the piano BEAUTIFULLY.

2. She plays the piano SOFTLY.
3. She plays the piano TERRIBLY.
REMINDER: Adverbs of Manner are
usually placed BEFORE the main verb or
AFTER the object.

Examples: He left the room QUICKLY.

He QUICKLY left the room.

 More Examples:

1. The rain fell HEAVILY.

2. When my teacher speaks, we listen
CAREFULLY.
3. Make sure you write NEATLY.
4. She EASILY passed the test.
5. The airplane SAFELY landed on the runway.
6. Park Do Min is DEEPLY in love with Park Seo Jun.
7. The teachers dance GRACEFULLY.
8. The school’s activities were done SUCCESSFULLY.
9. Park Je Won WHOLEHEARTEDLY accepted the
challenge.
10. The presentation was HORRIBLY presented.
More Examples of Adverbs of Manner:
immediately happily
promptly joyfully

rashly lowly
convincingly greedily

patiently courteously
randomly graciously

brightly locally
fondly internationally
2. ADVERBS OF PLACE
 They tell us where something
happens.

They are usually placed after the

main verb or after the clause that
they modify adjectives or other
adverbs.
Examples:

1. John looked around but he could not see the

monkey.
2. I searched everywhere I could think of.
3. I am going back to school.
4. Come in!
5. They built a house nearby.
6. She took the child outside.
HERE and THERE
 HERE and THERE are placed at
the beginning of the sentence in
exclamations or what emphasis is
needed. They are followed by
the verb if the subject is a noun
or by a pronoun if subject is a
pronoun.
Examples:

1. Here comes the bus!

2. There goes the bell!
3. There you have it!
4. Here they are!
HERE and THERE are
combined with prepositions to
make many common adverbial
phrases.
Examples:

1. What are you doing up there?

2. Come over here and look what I found.
3. The baby is hiding down there under the table.
4. I wonder how my driver’s license got stuck under here.
ADVERBS OF PLACE ENDING IN -WHERE
ADVERBS OF PLACE that end in
–where express the idea of
location without specifying a
specific location or direction.
Examples:

1. I would like to go somewhere warm for my

vacation.
2. Is there anywhere I can find a perfect plate of
spaghetti around here?
3. I have nowhere to go.
4. I keep running in to Alfi everywhere.
ADVERBS OF PLACE ENDING IN -WARDS
ADVERBS OF PLACE that end in
-wards express movement in a
particular direction.
Examples:

1. Cats do not usually walk backwards.

2. The ship sailed westwards.
3. The balloon drifted upwards.
4. We will keep walking homewards until
we arrive.
ADVERBS OF PLACE EXPRESSING BOTH
MOVEMENT AND LOCATION
Examples:

1. The child went indoors.

2. He lived and worked abroad.
3. Water always flows downhill.
4. The wind pushed us sideways.
3. ADVERBS OF TIME
Adverbs of time tell you
when something happened.
They express a point in time.
These adverbs of time are often used:

- to talk about the past: yesterday, the day before, ago,

last week/month/year

- to talk about the present: still, yet, while, when

- to talk about the future: soon, then, next

week/month/year, in 2 days, tomorrow, the day after
tomorrow
Examples:

1. Iwent to the mall yesterday.

2. Dao Min Su ate with San Chai a while ago.
3. Lee Je Hoon is still in Nevada.
4. Lee Gi Kwang is editing the script while Lee Hong
Bin is assisting the artists.
5. I will see you guys tomorrow.
6. Park Bo Young takes her board exam next week.
Other adverbs of time can be used to talk about the past,
present and the future:

 already, finally eventually, after, before

 Examples:
1. We must hurry up, Park Ji Min is already waiting for us.
2. They were finally able to buy a new car.
3. I have never been to the US, but eventually I will go there
next year.
4. Michael will clean his room after doing his research.
Adverbs of time can also tell you how long something
lasted or lasts. They express period of time.

These adverbs of time are often used: since, for, one

year, two days, three weeks, four months

Examples:

1. She has not seen him since 2015.

2. Lee Ji Woo has stayed in England for one year.
3. We stayed at the public market for two days.
4. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
Adverbs of frequency change
or qualify the meaning of a
sentence by telling us how
often or how frequently
something happens.
Adverbs used for definite terms: daily,
weekly, yearly

Adverbs used for indefinite terms:

sometimes, often, rarely
REMINDERS ON USING THE ADVERBS
OF FREQUENCY
 Always use adverbs of frequency to
discuss how often something happens.

 Adverbs of frequency are often used to

indicate routine or repeated activities, so
they are often used with the simple
present tense.
 If a sentence has only one verb, place the
adverb of frequency in the middle of the
sentence so that it is positioned after the
subject but before the verb.

Examples: Tom never flies.

He always takes the bus.
 When a sentence contains more than one verb, place the adverb of frequency
before the main verb.

Example:
They have often visited Korea.

 When using an adverb of frequency in the negative or in forming a

question, place it before the main verb.

Example:
Do you usually get up so late?
More Examples:

1. The incubator turn each egg hourly.

2. We take a vacation at least once annually.
3. I usually shop for groceries on Saturday
mornings.
4. He is often late for work.
5. We seldom see Park Min Young.
6. My dentist told me I should floss twice daily.
7. I rarely watch Korean movies.
8. Han Min Sang normally tells her parents
about her grades.
9. We do yoga monthly.
10. I am now a professional teacher.
5. ADVERBS OF DEGREE
Adverbs of Degree tell us about the
intensity about something. Adverbs
of degree are usually placed before
the adjective, adverb, or verb that
they modify, although there are some
exceptions.
Adverb of degree Modifying Example

extremely adjective The water was extremely cold.

quite adjective The movie is quite interesting.

just verb He was just leaving.

almost verb She has almost finished.

very adverb She is running very fast.

too adverb You are walking too slowly.

enough adverb You are running fast enough.

USAGE OF “ENOUGH”
Enough as an adverb meaning ‘to the
necessary degree’ goes after the
adjective or the adverb that it is
modifying, and not before it as other
adverbs do. It can be used both in positive
and negative sentences.
Examples:

1. Is your coffee hot enough?

2. This box is not big enough.
3. He did not work hard enough.
4. I got here early enough.
Enough is often followed by “to” + the infinitive.

Examples:

1. Kim Seong Chan did not work hard enough to pass the
exam.
2. Is your coffee hot enough to drink?
3. Jeong Eun Ji is not old enough to get married.
4. I got here early enough to sign up.
Enough can also be followed by “for something” or
“for someone”.
Examples:

1. The dress was big enough for Shin Min Ah.

2. She is not experienced enough for this job.
3. Is the coffee hot enough for you?
4. He did not work hard enough for the promotion.
USAGE OF “TOO”
“TOO” is always an adverb, but is has
two distinct meanings, each with its
own usage patterns.
TOO meaning “ALSO” (goes at the end of the
phrase it modifies)

Examples:

1. I would like to go swimming too, if you will let

me come.
2. May I go to the zoo too?
3. Is this gift for me too?
4. I am not going to clean your room too!
TOO meaning “EXCESSESIVELY” (goes before
the adjective or adverb it modifies)

Examples:

1. This coffee is too hot.

2. He works too hard.
3. Is not he too young?
4. I am too beautiful!
5. You are too smart!
Too is often followed by “to” + the infinitive.

Examples:

1. The coffee was too hot to drink.

2. You’re too young to have grandchildren.
3. I am too tired to go out tonight.
4. Don’t you work too hard to have any free time?
USAGE OF VERY
VERY goes before the an adverb or an adjective to
make it stronger.

Examples:

1. Song He Kyo is very beautiful.

2. The house is very expensive.
3. He worked very quickly.
4. She runs very fast.
5. Lee Dong Wook is very lovable.
 If we want to make a negative form of an
adjective or adverb, we can add "not" to the
verb, we can use an adjective or adverb of
opposite meaning, or we can use "not very"
with the original adjective or adverb. The
meanings of the phrases are not identical.
Usually the phrase using "not very" is less
direct, and thus more polite, than the other
phrases.
Original phrase Opposite meaning Opposite meaning Opposite meaning
with "not" with "not very" with an opposite word

The girl was beautiful. The girl was not The girl was not very The girl was ugly.
beautiful. beautiful.

He worked quickly. He did not work He did not work very He worked slowly.
quickly. quickly.
DIFFERENCE IN MEANING
BETWEEN TOO and VERY
There is a big difference in meaning between "too" and
"very". "Very" expresses a fact while "too" suggests there
is a problem.

Examples:

1. He speaks very quickly.

2. He speaks too quickly for me to understand.
3. It is very hot outside.
4. It is too hot outside to go for a walk.
Some common adverbs are used in the same way as "very" to
heighten the degree of adjectives and adverbs.

Expressing very strong feelings Expressing strong feelings Expressing somewhat doubtful
feelings

extremely, terribly, amazingly, especially, particularly, pretty, rather, fairly, not

wonderfully, insanely uncommonly, unusually, especially, not particularly
remarkably, quite

The movie was amazingly The movie was particularly The movie was fairly interesting.
interesting. interesting.

She sang wonderfully well. She sang unusually well. She sang pretty well.

The lecture was terribly boring. The lecture was quite boring. The lecture was rather boring.
More examples:

1. They were almost finished.

2. This cake is absolutely wonderful.
3. The temperature was barely above freezing.
4. Our driveway is completely frozen.
5. Wefelt incredibly lucky after winning tickets to the
World Series.
6. My teacher is terribly grumpy today.
6. ADVERBS OF CERTAINTY
Adverbs of certainty express how
certain we feel about an action or
event. Adverbs of certainty go before
the main verb unless the main verb is 'to
be', in which case the adverb of
certainty goes after.
If there is an auxiliary verb, the adverb of
certainty goes between the auxiliary and the
main verb.

Examples:

1. He has certainly forgotten the meeting.

2. He will probably remember tomorrow.
3. He is definitely running late.
Sometimes these adverbs of certainty can be placed at
the beginning of the sentence.

Examples:

1. Undoubtedly, Winston Churchill was a great

politician.
2. Certainly, I will be there.
3. Probably, he has forgotten the meeting.
Examples:

1. He definitely left the house this morning.

2. He surely won't forget.
3. He is probably in the park.
4. He is certainly a smart man.
When the adverb of certainty surely is placed at the
beginning of the sentence, it means the speaker thinks
something is true, but is looking for confirmation.

Examples:

1. Surely you've got a bicycle.

2. Surely you're not going to wear that to the party.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
감사합니다!
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