NOLI ME

TANGERE AND
TOUR IN EUROPE
 FACTORS
• THE NOVEL WAS PLANNED TO BE WRITTEN
BY A GROUP OF FILIPINOS IN MADRID
• IT WAS APRROVED BY VALENTIN VENTURA,
JULIO LLORENTE, MELECIO, FIGUEROA,
EVARISTO AGUIRRE, PEDRO MAXIMO,
ANTONIO PATERNO AND GRACIANO LOPEZ
JAENA.
• THE PROJECT DID NOT PUSH THROUGH
BECAUSE OF THE COMPLEXITY OF THE
SITUATION AND THE DIVERSE INTERESTS OF
THE WRITTERS.
• BECAUSE OF THIS, RIZAL DECIDED TO WRITE
THE NOVEL ALONE.
• FACTORS
• RIZAL WAS INSPIRED BY HARRIET BEECHER
STOWE’S NOVEL ENTITLED “UNCLE TOM
CABIN”
• RIZAL WANTED TO EXPOSE THE
IRREGULARITIES AND BRUTALITIES
COMMITED BY THE SPANISH AUTHORITIES IN
THE PHILIPPINES ESPECIALLY THE SPANISH
FRIARS.
NOLI ME
TANGERE
• JOSE RIZAL WAS STILL A STUDENT OF THE
CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF MADRID WHEN HE
STARTED TO WRITE NOLI ME TANGERE
• NOLI ME TANGERE IS ALSO CONSIDERED AS A
REALIST NOVEL IN WHICH IT EXPOSE BRUTAL
ACTS AND UNFAIR PRACTICES OF SPANIARDS
AGAINST THE FILIPINO PEOPLE.
• IT ALSO PROVIDED A CLEAR PICTURE ON
WHAT THE PHILPPINE SOCIETY WAS LIKE
DURING THE SPANISH ERAIN 1886, RIZAL
FINALLY COMPLETED THE CHAPTERS OF THE
NOVEL IN WILHELMSFELD, GERMANY
• UNFORTUNATELYHE HAD NO MEANS TO
PRINT HTE NOVEL.
• THE TITLE OF THE NOVEL CAME FROM A
BIBLE PHRASE “DICIT EI IESUS NOLI ME
TANGERE NONDUM ENIM ASCENDI AD
PATREM MEUM VADE AUTEM AD FRATRES
MEOS ET DIC EIS ASCENDO AD PATREM
MEUM ET PATREM VESTRUM ET DEUM
MEUM ET DEUM VESTRUM”
• THE PHRASE WAS ORIGINALLY STATED BY
JESUS CHRIST TO MARY MAGDALENE WHEN
HE ROSE FROM THE DEAD.
• JOSE RIZAL ADMITTED TO FELIX R. HIDALGO
THAT HE ADOPTED THE TITLE OF THE NOVEL
TO THE GOSPEL OF ST. LUKE
- THE PHRASE WAS TAKEN FROM THE GOSPEL
OF ST. JOHN
MAXIMO VIOLA
MAXIMO VIOLA SUPPORTED RIZAL TO
PUBLISH THE NOVEL
BIOGRAPHY:
MAXIMO WAS BORN IN SAN MIGUEL DE
MAYUMO, BULACAN ON OCTOBER 7, 1857.
• HE ALSO STUDIED MEDICINE AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS.
• AFTER SUPPORTING OUR NATIONAL HERO
CURING HIS SOJOURN IN EUROPE, HE WENT
BACK TO THE PHILIPPPINES TO SPEARHEAD A
REVOLUTION AGAINST SPANIARDS.
• BECAUSE HE WAS ENGANGED IN VARIOUS
REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES DURING THE
SPANISH COLONIZATION AND AMERICAN
OCCUPATION, VIOLA WAS KEPT CAPTIVE
UNTIL HE WAS FREED BY Dr. PRESHELL.
 JOSE RIZAL: A FRENCH SPY
• THE GERMAN OFFICER REQUESTED RIZAL TO
PRESENT HIS PASSPORT FOR IMIGRATION
VERIFICATION PURPOSES.
• THE GERMAN POLICE HAD GRANTED HIM
FOUR DAYS TO SECURE A PASSPORT.
• BECAUSE OF THIS, RIZAL WENT TO THE
SPANISH EMBASSY AND REQUESTED THE
COUNT OF BENOMAR TO HELP HIM SOLVE
HIS IMMIGRATION PROBLEM.
• THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR PROMISSED TO
ATTEND TO THE REQUESTED MATTER.
• HOWEVER IT TURNED OUT THAT THE
AMBASSADOR FAILED TO FULLFIL HIS
PROMISE BECAUSE THE TRUTH WAS; HE WAS
NOT CAPALBLE OF ISSUING SUCH
DOCUMENT.
• HE WENT TO THE GERMAN POLICE
HEADQUARTERS TO APOLOGIZE ON THE
MATTER.
 JOSE RIZAL:A FRENCH SPY
(CONTINUATION)
• RIZAL ARGUED THAT IT WOULD BE UNJUST
FOR HIM TO BE DEPORTED FOR HE HAD NOT
COMMITTED ANY CRIME
• THE GERMAN POLICE FINALLY DISCLOSED
THAT HIS OFFICE RECEIVED INTELLIGENCE
REPORTS THAT HE HAD MADE HABITUAL
VISIS TO THE GERMAN TOWNS AND RURAL
VILLAGES.
• RIZAL DEFENDED HIMSELF BY STATING THAT
HE WAS AFILIPINO DOCTUR AND
ETHNOLOGIST AND PART OF HIS RESEARCH
WAS TO CONDUCT STUDIES ON THE RURAL
AREAS OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES IN ORDER
TO DISCOVER THEIR DISTINCT LIFESTYLES
AND CUSTOMS .
• REACTIONS TO NOLI ME TANGERE

• THE PRINTED COPIES OF NOLI ME TANGERE

WERE RELEASED ON MARCH 21, 1887.
• THE NAME OF THE PRINTING SHOP WAS
BERLINER BUCHDRUCKREI-ACTION-
GESSELSCHAFT RIZAL IMMEDIATELY
DISTRIBUTED THE COPIES OF HIS NOVEL
• BLUMENTRITT

• UPON RECEIVING THE PRINTED COPY OF HIS

FRIEND’S NOVEL, BLUMENTRITT WROTE HIM A
LETTER COMPLEMENTING HIS MASTERPIECE
AND HIS EXCEPTIONAL LINGUSTIC SKILL.
• THE NOLI WAS WRITTEN WITH THE BLOOD OF
YOUR HEART.
 DR. ANTONIO MA.
REGIDOR

• ACCORDING TO HIM, RIZAL’S NOLI ME

TANGERE CAN BE EQUALLY COMPARE TO
QUIXOTE, A POPULAR SPANISH NOVEL
WRITTEN BY MIGUEL DE CERVANTES
SAAVEDRA. IT WA FIRST PUBLISHED IN 1605.
 RIZAL IMMEDIATELY
DISTRIBUTED THE
COPIES OF HIS NOVEL
• GRACIANO LOPEZ – JAENA
• MARIANO PONCE
• FELIX R. HIDALGO
• MARCELO H. DEL PILAR
• HE DEFENDED THE NOVEL( UNDER THE
PEN NAME DOLORES MANAPAT) FROM THE
ATTACKS DISCLOSED IN THE PAMPHLEI
PRODUCED BY THE SPANISH FAIARS IN THE
PHILIPPINES.
• FATHE VICENTE GARCIA DEFENDED THE
NOVEL UNDER THE PEN NAME JUSTO
DESIDERIO MAGALANG .
• WHEN THE NOVEL WAS READ BY THE
SPANISH FRIARS ( AND REALIZING THAT THE
MASTER PIECE WAS PURPOTED TO EXPOSE
THEIR ABUSE AND BRUTALITIES), THEY
IMMEDIATELY REGARDED NOLI AS
HERETICAL, SUBVERSIVE AND IMMORAL.
• THE SPANISH FRIARS IMMEDIATELY
ORGANIZED PLANS TO COUNTER ATTACK THE
NOVEL
• DECEMBER 28, 1887 – FATHER SALVADOR
FONT, AN AUGUSTIAN PRIEST AND CURATOR
OF TONDO AND CHAIRMAN OF THE
PERMANENT COMMISON OF
CENSORSHIPORDERED TO PROHIBIT THE
DISTRIBUTION READING AND DISCUSSION OF
“SUBVERSIVE” NOVEL.
• FATHER RODRIGUEZ RELEASED A PAMPHLET
ENTITLED “ CALINGAT CAYO” (BEWARE)
REMINDING THE PARISHIONERS TO AVOID
READING THE NOVEL BECAUSE IT WAS
TANTAMOUNT TO COMMITING A “MORTAL
SIN”
• JANUARY 1890- THE NOVEL WAS BITTERLY
CRITICIZAED IN MADRID.
• A MEMBER OF A SENATE RAISED THE
“HERETIC AND SUBVERSIVE” EFFECTS OF
NOVEL TO THE SPANISH CORTES.
RIZAL AND VIOLA’S TOUR IN EUROPE
• RIZAL EMMEDIATELY PAID HIS DEBT TO DR.
MAXIMO VIOLA UPON RECEIVING HIS
ALLOWANCE FROM PACIANO ( THROUGH
JUAN LUNA IN PARIS).
• RIZAL AND VIOLA DECIDED TO HAVE A
VACATION IN EUROPE BEFORE THE FORMER
RETURNS TO CALAMBA.
• MAY 11, 1887 – VIOLA AND RIZAL LEFT
BERLIN, GERMANY TOWARD POTSDAM AND
DREDEN.
VIOLA STATED THAT RIZAL’S LUGGAGE
MOSTLY CONTAINED LETTERS THAT HE HAD
RECEIVED FROM HIS FAMILY AND FRIENDS.
RIZAL AND VIOLA;S TOUR IN EUROPE
(CONTINUATION)
• DRESDEN
• “ONE OF THE BEST CITIES IN GERMANY”
• THEIR TOUR WAS TIMELY DRESDENS FLOWER
FESTIVAL. RIZAL STUDIED VARIOUS KINDS OF
FLOWERS WITH EXTRA ORDINARY SIZE AND
BEAUTY.
• THE TWO ALSO VISITED DR. ADOLPH B. MEYER.
• THEY ALSO VISITED THE MUSEUM OF ART
WHEREIN THE FAMOUS PROMETHEUS BOND
WAS SITUATED.
 LEIMERITZ (BOHEMIA)
• MAY 13 1887 – THE TWO FILIPINO DOCTORS
(VIOLA AND RIZAL) FINALLY REACHED THE
HOMETOWN OF FERDINAND BLUMENTRITT
• THE OLD PROFESSOR WAS CARRYING A
PENCIL SKETCH OF RIZAL IN ORDER TO
RECOGNIZE HIS FILIPINO FRIEND.
• THEY SPENT THREE DAYS IN LEIMERITS.
 PRAGUE
• THEY WERE RECOMMENDED BY
BLUMENTRITT TO MEET A PROFESSOR
OF NATURAL HISTORY IN THE
UNIVERSITY OF PRAGUE, DR.
WILLKOMM.
• DR. WILLKOMM BECAME, THEIR TOUR
GUIDE IN PRAGUE’S HISTORIC AND
TOURIST SPOTS.
 VIENNA
• CAPITAL OF AUSTRIA AND
HUNGARY
• RIZAL WAS DELIGHTED WITH ITS
BEUTIFUL BUILDINGS, CHARM AND
RELIGOUS IMAGES
• “QUEEN OF DANUBE”
 LINTZ-RHENFALL-MUNICH-NUREMBERG-
ULM
• RIZAL AND VIOLA SAILED ALONG
DANUBE RIVER IN ORDER TO SEE ITS
PECULIAR BEAUTY.
• THEY ALSO VISITED ONE OF THE OLDEST
CITIES OF GERMANY (NUREMBERG)
 SWITZERLAND
• THEY FOUND OUT THAT THE SWISS PEOPLE
WERE CAPABLE OF SPEAKING THREE
LANGUAGES- FRENCH ITALIAN AND GERMAN.
• RIZAL ALSO CELEBRATED HIS 26TH BIRTHDAY
IN GENEVA, SWITZERLAND.
• MAXIMO VIOLA DECIDED TO GO BACK TO
BARCELONA WHILE JOSE RIZAL CONTINUED
HIS TOUR IN ITALY.
 ITALY
• RIZAL TRAVELED ALONE IN VENICE, TURIN,
MILAN AND FLORENCE ITALY.

• HE ALSO VISITED ROME AND THE VATICAN

CITY THE “ THE CITY OF POPES”.
RIZAL IN THE
US, EUROPE
AND FRANCE
RIZAL IN THE 55 BELGIC
• RIZAL MET THE JACKSONS WHILE HE WAS ON
BOARD TOWARDS SAN FRANCISCO.
• THE STEAM SHIP (55 BELGIC) ANCHORED ON
THE SHORES OF SAN FRANCISCO, USA ON APRIL
28, 1888.
• THEIR ARRIVAL WAS IMPEDED OF AN UNTOWARD
EVENT WHICH PROVOKED JOSE RIZAL TO DESPISE
THE ATTITUDES OF AMERICAN HEALTH OFFICERS
TOWARDS CHINESE AND NEGROES.
• THE PASSENGERS OF 55 BELGIC WERE NOT
PERMITTED TO GO OUT IN THE ATEAMSHIP
BECAUSE THE AMERICAN HEALTH
AUTHORITIES SUSPECTED THE SHIP AS A
CARRIER OF CHOLERA, AN EPIDEMIC WHICH
INFLICTED SOME COUNTRIES IN THE FAR
EAST.
• THE ARGUED THAT THE SHIPS OPERATION
WAS APPROVED BY THE AMERICAN CONSUL
IN JAPAN NONETHELESS AMERICAN HEALTH
AUTHORITIES STILL REFUSED TO PERMIT ITS
PASSENGERS TO LAND.
• BECAUSE OF THIS, THE PASSENGERS PROTESTED
AGAINST THE TREATMENT AND APPARENT
DISCRIMINATION OF THE AMERICANS TOWARD
CHINESE AND BLACK PASSENGERS
• THEY DISCOVERED THAT SUCH INCIDENT WAS
POLITICALLY MOTIVATED
• NOTE THAT THE SHIP CARRIED CHINESE
LABORERS WHO WERE THERE TO WORK AS
LABORER AT RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION CAMP
• THE GOVERMENT DECIDED TO PROHIBIT TH 55
BELGIC TO DOCK IN THE AMERICAN COASTLINE
TO GET THE VOTES OF THE WHITES IN
CALIFORNIA.
 RIZAL IN FRISCO
• MAY 4 1888 – RIZAL IMMEDIATELY CHECKED
IN AT THE PALACE HOTEL WHICH WAS
CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE EXPENSIVE
HOTEL IN SAN FRANCISCO
• HE SPENT 4 DOLLARS A DAY BATTHING
EXPENSES AND OTHER AMENTIES
• HE ALSO SAW THE GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE
WHICH HAS BEEN FAMOUS FOR ITS
STRENGTH AND IMPECCABLE
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
LELAN STANFORD
• A MILLIONAIRE SENATOR FROM SAN
FRNCISCO WHO ESTABLISHED ONE OF THE
MOST PRESTIGIOUS SCHOOLS IN AMERICA
“THE STANFORD UNIVERSITY”
TRAVELS IN THE AMERICAN STATE
• MAY 6, 1888- IT WAS THE DAY WHEN JOSE RIZAL
WENT TO AOKLAND THROUGH A FERRY BOAT
- AOKLAND IS LOCATED NINE MILES ACROSS SAN
FRANCISCO BAY
• RIZAL TOOK HIS DINNER AT SACRAMENTO FOR
ONLY 75 CENTS
• MAY 7 ( MONDAY) – RIZAL TOOK HIS BREAKFAST
AT RENO NEVADA
• “THE BIGGEST CITY IN THE WORLD
• MAY 8 (TUESDAY)- THE TRAIN PASSED
THROUGH OGDEN, WHEREIN RIZAL WAS
VERY IMPRESSED BECAUSE OF ITS GOOD
IRRIGATION DESIGN
• MAY 9 (WEDNESDAY)- THE TRAIN ALREADY
REACHED THE COLORADO STATE
• MAY 10(THURSDAY)- THEY WERE IN
NEBRASKA. AFTERWARDS, THE REACHED
OMAHA – “A BIG CITY THE BIGGEST CITY
SINCE WE LEFT SAN FRANCISCO”
• MAY 11(FRIDAY)- THE TRAIN REACHED
CHICAGO
• RIZAL NOTICED THAT EVERY CIGAR RATAILER
HAD AN INDIAN FIGURE AND EVERY STORE
HAD A PECULIAR ATTRIBUTES
• MAY 12 (SATURDAY)- RIZAL WAS AMAZED
WHEN HE SAW THE NIAGARA FALLS
• MAY 13(SUNDAY)- RIZAL CHARACTERIZED
ALBANY AS A BIG CITY.