Rise of Buddhism

• During the 500s B.C., some Indians felt

unhappy with the many ceremonies of
the Hindu religion. They left their homes
and looked for peace in the hills and
forests. Many trained their minds to
focus and think in positive ways – this
training was called meditation.
• A teacher, Siddhartha Gautama became
known as the Buddha. He founded a new
religion called Buddhism.
Rise of Buddhism
The Buddha
 Today, Buddhism is a major world
religion. Siddhartha grew up as a prince.
Then one day he left his palace to explore
the life of ordinary people in the
kingdom.
 For the first time, He understood that
the world was filled with suffering.
 He game up everything and became a
monk. His teaching became known as
Buddhism.
Rise of Buddhism
• What did the Buddha teach?
• The Buddha taught his followers the Four Noble Truths:
– Life is full of suffering.
– People suffer because they desire worldly things and want to satisfy
themselves.
– The way to end suffering is to stop desiring things.
– The only way to stop desiring things is to follow the Eightfold Path.
• When people were finally free from all earthly concerns, they would reach
nirvana – a feeling of perfect peace and happiness.
• Buddhism spread because it welcomed people from all walks of life. The
Buddha placed little importance on the varna system and explained that
the success of life depended on people’s behavior now.
Rise of Buddhism
Theravada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism
• Teaches that Buddha is a God. They
• Theravada means “Teaching of the
believe that the Eightfold Path is too
elders”. Followers view Buddha as a difficult for most people.
great teacher not a God. This is the
• Mahayana Buddhism spread northward
major religion of the modern-day into China and from there to Korea and
country of Sri Lanka. Japan. Buddhist leaders called lamas led
the government of Tibet.
 Buddhism Today
• Few Buddhists live in India, however it is widely practiced in Southeast Asia and
East Asia. There are an estimated 376 million Buddhists in the world today.
Buddhism Today
 Jainism: The Religion
– Jainism is an ascetic religion
of India that teaches the
immortality and pilgrimage
of the soul, denies the
existence of a supreme
being and emphasizes the
art of non-violence.
 Jainism
– Today there are 6 million followers of Jainism – most of them
live in India.
– Who is Mahavira?
• The current form of Jainism was developed by a religious leader names
Mahavira.
• He came from a wealthy royal family in northern India. After his
parents died, he gave up his wealth and property – he owned nothing
and begged for his food.
• Many of Mahavira’s teachings were like those of the Buddha. The Jains
practiced strict poverty.0
 Jainism
– What is Ahimsa?
• Ahimsa means practicing nonviolence
toward all living things. Believing that
all life is sacred, Mahavira’s followers
tried to avoid harming any living
creature.
• This idea has long influenced India’s
culture and politics.
 Tirthankaras
Parshva:
• Four of the five Jain principles Mahavira
• Not the founder of Jainism
• Born as vardhamana in north east india in 599 bce
• A prince, the son of king siddhartha and queen trishala
• Live the life of an ascetic, or a sadhana
• Extremely long, arduous periods of fasting and meditation.
• Attained kevalnyan, enlightenment
• Taught the path he had discovered to other seekers.
• Mahavira added the principle of chastity.
• World's most recent tirthankara (and will be the last one in this age).
• Established a community of 14,000 monks and 36,000 nuns before he died.
 Jainism: Key Beliefs
• Moksha - Results in the elimination of the effects of karma in one’s
life (achieved through meditation)
• Atomism - Jains believe that every living thing on the planet
possesses a soul or “Jiva”. They also believe that people are bound to
act more compassionately if they acknowledge that everything is
composed of a spirit or soul.
• No absolutes - No perspective of any person is wrong, despite the
fact that different perspectives have different effects on the specific
situation.
 The Navkar Mantra
• Namo Arihantanum: I bow down to Arihanta
• Namo Siddhanam: I bow down to Siddha
• Namo Ayariyanam: I bow down to Acharya
• Namo Uvajjhayanam: I bow down to Upadhyaya
• Namo Loe Savva-sahunam: I bow down to Sadhu &
Sadhvi.
• Eso Panch Namokaro: These five bowing downs,
• Savva-pavappanasano: Destroy all the sins,
• Manglanach Savvesim: Amongst all that is auspicious,
• Padhamam Havei Mangalam: This Navkar Mantra is the
foremost.
 FIVE VOWS OF JAINISM

• Ahimsa
• Speak the truth
• Don’t steal
• Celibacy
• Renounce attachments
 Bibliography
• https://www.slideshare.net/cduleba/jainism_3616979?next_slides
how=1
• https://www.google.com/search?q=teachings+of+jainism+ppt&sa=
X&ved=2ahUKEwiMjvOFlcbjAhULv48KHdG0C7QQ1QIoAHoECAoQA
Q&biw=1517&bih=694