STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
HAPPY VALENTINES 
PARAMETER AND STATISTICS

• Parameter is a measure that describes a population. Parameters are denoted by greek

letters.
• Population mean 𝜇 Population Variance 𝜎 2 and Standard Deviation 𝜎 are example of
parameters.
• Statistics is a measure that describes a sample.
• Statistics are usually denoted by roman letters
• Example of statistics are sample mean x sample variance 𝑠 2 and sample standard
deviation s
• The population mean is the mean of the entire population. It is represented by the greek letter
mu 𝜇 and is computed using the formula
σ𝑥
• 𝜇=
𝑁

• Where
• x= Given data
• N= Population Siza
• Example on book page15 and 16
 POPULATION VARIANCE AND POPULATION
STANDARD DEVIATION

• Variance and Standard Deviation are widely used measures of dispersion of data in research. The
population variance 𝜎 2 is the sum of the squared deviation of each datum from the population
mean 𝜇, divided by the population size N. The population standard deviation 𝜎 is the square root.
• Formula for Population variance 𝜎 2

2 σ(𝑥−𝜇)2
𝜎 =
𝑁

Where
N= Population Size
x= given data
𝜇 = Population Mean

Formula for Population Standard Deviation

σ(𝑥−𝜇)2
𝜎=
𝑁
• Example on book page 18
SAMPLE MEAN

• The sample mean is the average of all the values randomly selected from the population
That is
σ𝑥
• x=
𝑛

• x= sample data
• n= sample size