HUMANITIES

ETYMOLOGY
◦ It came from the Latin word “Humanus” which means refined,
culture and human
◦ Refined-Norms, being, civilize and socialize
◦ Cultured-Adaptation to environment (social interaction, norms)
◦ Human- Having the nature of people, being a person
Definition
◦ The expression of ourselves without using of words (painting,
sculptures, dancing, mosaic, cross stitch, collage, paper and
folding)
◦ The study of man’s expression feelings, though, intuition, values,
and ideas.
◦ The study of man’s experience, goals, and aspirations.
◦ It is used to dramatize individual expressions.
Why do we need to study
humanities?
◦ The humanities serve to provide the student with certain skills and
values through arts. Students learn to appreciate the importance
of value that no other subject can describe those values which
are directly an exact.
Aims of humanities
◦ During Medieval Age
◦ The humanities dealt with the metaphysics of the religious
philosopher.

◦ During Renaissance Periods

◦ To make man richer because during that time only the rich
people can make art like paintings, sculpture and etc.

◦ During 19th and 20th Century

◦ Is to appreciate and understand the importance of human being,
his ideas and aspirations
ART
etymology
◦ It came from the Latin word “ars/artis” which means to do or man
made.

DEFINITION
- it is a medium of expression because through arts we express our
ideas, emotions, feelings, without using words.
- Creative activity which involves skill or expertness in handling
materials and organizing them into a new.
Work of art
◦ DEFINITION
◦ A thing of beauty having aesthetic value. Obra maestro
provides aesthetic values to the viewers.
◦ It must have an artistic merit and literary merit.
◦ It is a symbolic state of meaning rather having a practical
function.
Importance of art
a. Driven our existence f. It can change our ways in life
b. Satisfies the need for personal g. To see the truth that we might
expression understand before
c. Develop our skills to express h. It gives pleasure, satisfaction
ourselves and gratification
d. Challenge us to see things
differently
e. It unleash our hidden desire
and passion
Functions of art
a. To express beauty
b. It give man moment of relaxation and spiritual happiness
c. Arts reformed man
d. Overcome the feelings of restlessness and loneliness.
Categories of work of art considered
to be great
◦ Best selling- it is very popular in its day, or is produced by an artist who
has done other very popular piece.
◦ Ground breaking- that it does not follow regular convention or already
tried artistic methods real closely. It is not, in short, just one more soap
opera following an old, old, old formula, no matter how well done.
◦ Inherently beautiful- means just as the art critics do require and
demand that a work of art have an inner harmony, beauty, and
emotional meaning that are unified, strong and intense and deeply
moving to us. Something that appeals to your senses and emotions.
 Different classification of art
BY THE AUDIENCE
 -Focus on how audience classified arts
PERFORMING ARTS- something an artist used body as a
medium . An art form that is moving from one place to
another.
Example: play, movies, live music, movies/television, operas,
puppetry, acrobatic, dance and ballet.

 VISUAL ARTS- usually exist in two dimensional form and stay in

one place. Something that we see and hear.
 Example: painting, photography, drawings, films, sculpture,
engraving, wooden materials, silk scree, cartoon, stained
glass, mosaic, and stage setting.
LITERATURE- talks about language that affects our imagination
and make us think.
Example: non-fiction, fiction, stage play, poetry, screenplay
and song.

 SCULPTURAL- a three dimensional form that we can touch, see,

and climb. It stays in one place.
 Example: Monument, Architectural Designs, Rice terraces,
Rock, Garden, Eiffel Tower, Statue of Liberty, flowers gardens,
water fountain and buildings.
◦ BY CRITICS
- Focus on how people judge art
MAJOR ARTS OR FINE ARTS- those that includes music,
literature, sculpture, painting, dance, theater, photography,
and architecture.
MINOR ARTS OR APPLIED ARTS- those that includes ceramics,
furniture, weaving, photography, and letterings.
PURE ART- created and performed for other sake and to
satisfies the audience.
Example: watching movie.
 PRACTICAL ART- with a purpose, for practical use that
something is useful
 Example: Chair and Table
◦ BY AN ARTIST
- characterize by special sensing, physical and special
senses
SIGHT ART- something that you can see, imagine, and create
Example: painting, drawing, mosaic, drafting design, stage
design, light display and graphic design

 SOUND ART- something that you can hear

 Example: Literature, Poetry, plays and Music

 TOUCH ART- something that you can feel or touch

 Example: sculpture, curving, wood craft, pottery, dance
movement and building
OTHER CLASSIFICATION…
◦ 1. REAL ART- something that is understandable “what you see is
what you get”, objective and representational.
◦ Example: photography, stage play, dance, stage play, dance,
sculpture, and architecture.
◦ 2. Abstract Art- non subject matter, non representational that we
cannot understand on the part of the listener
◦ Example: Grey Tree by Piet Mondrian
Elements of art
◦ 1. COLOR (HUE)- gives meaning, value, intensity and saturation to
an object. It has series of wave lengths which strikes our retina.
◦ Example of Color and its meaning
◦ COLOR MEANING
◦ Black- Death, despair, gloom, sorrow
◦ Blue- Infinity, Freedom, Calmness
◦ Brown- Humility
◦ Green- Nature, Freshness, Prosperity, Hope, Money
◦ Orange- Sweetness, Cheerfulness
◦ COLOR MEANING
◦ Pink- Feminine, Love
◦ Red- Bravery, Energy, Passion, War, Warm
◦ Violet- Royalty, Dull
◦ White- Purity, Clarity, Simplicity, Virginity, Peace
◦ Yellow- Joyful, Life, Vibrant, Sunshine, Happiness
Properties of colors
◦ A. VALUE- lightness, brightness, darkness of color
◦ B. SATURATION- degree of quality, purity, and strength such as
scarlet and indigo. 2 to 3 colors in things.
CLASSIFICATION OF COLORS
◦ A. PRIMARY COLORS- colors that cannot be formed
from mixtures because they are pure colors.
RED, BLUE AND YELLOW
B. SECONDARY COLORS- colors from out of combination of two
primary colors.
BLUE + YELLOW= GREEN
RED + BLUE= VIOLET
RED + YELLOW= ORANGE
C. INTERMEDIATE COLORS- colors form out of mixing one primary
and one secondary
YELLOW + GREEN = YELLOW GREEN
RED + VIOLET= RED VIOLET
RED + ORANGE= RED ORANGE
◦ D. TERTIARY COLORS- form out of combination of two secondary
colors.
ORANGE + PURPLE= RUSSET
ORANGE + GREEN= CITRON
PURPLE + GREEN= OLIVES
II. LINE
◦ -one or two dimensional art that indicates directions, orientation,
movement, and energy. It is considered as the oldest, simplest,
universal element.

◦ DIRECTION OF LINE
◦ A. VERTICAL LINE- basic framework of all forms, power &
delamination, strength, stability, simplicity and efficiency
◦ B. HORIZONTAL LINE- creates an impression of serenity and
perfect stability. Rest, calmness, peace and reposed
◦ C. DIAGONAL LINE- it shows movement and instability. Portrays
movement action.
◦ D. JOG LINE- it shows violence, zigzag, confusion, and conflict
◦ E. CURVE LINE- it shows a gradual change of direction and
fluidity. It signifies subtle form.
◦ III. MEDIUM- it denotes the means of artist to express his ideas, it
pertains to materials used to express feelings through art.
◦ IV. RHYTHM- pattern, arrangement of lines, color, synchronization
or connection of path that suggest gracefulness
◦ V. STYLE- the typical expressing and training of artist and outlook
in life
◦ VI. STRUCTURE- surface and quality of object either real or made
to appeared real. It gives variety and beauty on art.
◦ X. SHAPE- the enclosed space defined by other elements of arts.
Shapes may take on the appearance of two d or three d objects
PRINCIPLES OF ART
A. EMPHASIS- the composition refers to developing points of
interest to pull the viewer’s eye to important parts of the body of
the work.
B. BALANCE- it is a sense of stability in the body of work. It can be
created by repeating same shapes and by creating a feeling of
equal weight.
C.HARMONY- achieved in a body of work by using similar elements
throughout the work, harmony gives and uncomplicated look to
your work.
D. Variety- refers to the differences in the work, you can achieve
variety by using different shapes, textures, colors and values in
your work.
E. MOVEMENT- adds excitement to your work by showing action
and directing the viewers eye throughout the pictures plane.
F. RHYTHM- a type of movement in drawing and painting. It is seen
in repeating of shapes and colors.
G. PROPORTION OR SCALE- refers to the relationships of the size of
objects in a body of work. Proportions five a sense of size seen as a
relationship of objects such as smallness or largeness.
H. UNITY- is seen in a painting or drawing when all the parts equal a
hole. Your work should not appear disjointed or confusing.
Different subject of WORK OF ART
1. NATURE 9. CHILD
2. WOMAN 10.FRUTIS
3. EMOTION 11.TOYS
4. PLACES 12.LANDSCAPES
5. ANIMALS 13.SEASCAPES
6. EVENTS
7. SAINTS
8. CHURCHES
DIFFERENT WAYS OF PRESENTING THE
SUBJECT
1. REALISM- the artist portrays
the subject as ease.
- the style in of art or
literature that shows or
describe people and things
as they are in real life.
Example: Bonjour, Monsieur
Courbet
by Gustave Courbet
1854
2. Abstraction- there is no
subject but only his feelings
and ideas. You cannot figure
out the subject/object.
Example: Figura by Arturo Luz
3. DISTORTION- usually
done to dramatize the
shape of a figure or to
create an emotional
effect. Measurement is not
proportioned.
Example: Caricature
ARTIST AND HIS MEDIUM
◦ As the materials, the artist ways of expressing his emotion in order
to communicate his ideas.

◦ 1. Visual- that can be seen and can occupy space.

◦ Example: painting and drawing
◦ 2. Auditory/Time- that can be heard
◦ Example: music and literature
-that can be seen and heard
◦ Example: opera, dance, drama and movies
ARTIST AND HIS TECHNIQUES
◦ How to control his medium to achieve his desire in the work of art.
It also pertains to technical requirement of the particular work of
art. It is how he manipulates his medium.