STATISTICS

and
PROBABILITY
Hypothesis Testing about a
Population Mean when The
Variance is Unknown
– Assuming the population follows a normal distribution, The appropriate test
statistic for testing a claim about a population mean when the population
variance is assumed to be unknown and n<30 is the t-test for a single mean
𝑥−𝜇
– 𝑡= 𝑠
𝑛

– Where:
– x= sample mean
– 𝜇= Population Mean
– s= Standard Deviation of the sample mean
– n = Sample size
Example
– A history teacher claims that the average height of Filipino males is 163 cm. A
student taking up Statistics randomly selects 20 Filipino males and measures
their heights. Their heights in cm are shown on the table.

163 164 165 177

167 163 159 169
159 160 163 163
165 169 163 165
162 174 163 167

– Do the collected data present sufficient evidence to indicate that the average
heights of Filipino males is different from 163 cm? Use 0.05 level of significance
and assume that the population follows a normal distribution.
 Number x x-x (𝒙 − 𝒙)𝟐
1 163
2 167
3 159
4 165
5 162
6 164
7 163

σ𝑥 σ(𝑥−𝑥)2
𝑥= 𝑠=
𝑛 𝑛−1