A GLIMPSE TO THE STUDY

AND APPRECIATION OF
LITERATURE

21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD

DEFINING LITERATURE

• It was said to be derived from the Latin Word Litteratura which means
writing, from litteratus, learning

• It covers both oral and written forms of works which manifest

expressive or imaginative quality, nobility of thoughts, timelessness,
and lastly, universality.

• Any body of written works.

KEY FEATURES OF LITERATURE

• Literature is a form of communication

Montealegre described literature mainly as a product or a commentary

on the life process. Thus, man’s inner thoughts, feelings, and
conditions can be disclosed and revealed through the power of
literature. Truly, literature engages us to share and to impart a
portion of ourselves which may be interesting and benefiting to
other people.
KEY FEATURES OF LITERATURE

• Literature is an art

“DULCE” is a term which refers to beauty and magnificence.

Literature takes an excellent form. Its beauty is a deliberate
manifestation of the mind’s ability to create and imagine. In
addition, it is said to be an artistic expression of man’s desires and
aspirations, and conditions.
KEY FEATURES OF LITERATURE

• Nobility of Thoughts

It is necessary to highlight ideas of great importance and significance.

Literature should deal with ideas that can lead to new responses to the
world and can move people to achieve great discoveries of the
dimensions of human life and experience.
KEY FEATURES OF LITERATURE

• Timelessness

The significant truth about life that a literary work reveals should not
wane and dissipate as time passes by. A work must have an
enduring quality in which its beauty or applicability can withstand the
change of time.
KEY FEATURES OF LITERATURE

• Universality

A work must have global applicability in which a work transcends across

space. For example, many Filipinos love to watch dramas and movies of
foreign origin. Though these stories are set in different locale, Filipinos
can effectively connect themselves to and understand these foreign
stories.
MAJOR FORMS OF
LITERATURE
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD
MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE

• PROSE

This for is mainly ascribed to be composed freely. This form does not
have any measurement scheme for it is known to have a free-flow of
sentences. Also, it has greater irregularity and the language used
in this form is ordinary for it has a close resemblance to man’s
pattern of everyday speech.
MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE

• POETRY

It is the form of literature characterized by its highly controlled

manner of choosing and arranging language with use of
regulating devices such for sound rhythm to aesthetically convey a
meaning which may call for a specific emotional response.
GENRES OF LITERATURE

• POETRY

Ascribed as the most economical means of expression since it only uses

limited number of words. Its beauty is mainly forced by the intricate
and careful use of words, figurative expression, imagery, rhythm
and sound.
GENRES OF LITERATURE

• PROSE FICTION

This is mainly characterized by scholars as any literary work that is an

imaginative recreation and reconstruction of life. This type covers
short stories and novels in which these are said to be
manifestations of the creative and imaginative thinking of a
particular writer. Also, it recounts the flow and development of actions
and events involving an identified number of characters who deal and
react to certain conflicts and human issues.
GENRES OF LITERATURE

• DRAMA

This stories involving significant human encounters which are intended

to be performed on stage. It may involve a certain number of
characters who also deal with some complications and issues. It presents
fictional or imaginative events presented or portrayed by actors and
actresses before an audience.
GENRES OF LITERATURE

• NON-FICTION PROSE

This genre mainly attempts to present, to interpret, or to describe

facts. With such judgements, opinions, and commentaries may be
framed and expressed in the form of essays, feature articles and
editorials.