INTELLIGENT

GAS Leakage
DETECTOR

Supervised by
Dr Meera Viswavandya

Submitted by
Mr Anil Kumar Routo (1301106038)
Mr Swadhin Sekhar Sahoo (1301106109)
Mr Sunil Kumar Nayak (1301106157)
Miss Samidha Ratho (1301106243)
CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Why Is it called Intelligent Gas Leakage Detector
 Block Diagram
 Common Components
• Gas Leakage Detection
• Microcontroller
 Alerting Circuit
 Communication Circuit
 Auto tripping circuit
 Applications
 Future Prospect
 Conclusion
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 References
INTRODUCTION
 LPG is an indispensible part of our life as it is an important source of
fuel for cooking in our household
 LPG leaks can happen, though rarely, inside a home, and can be
dangerous.
 Safety plays a major role in today’s world.
 Since the LPG as such does not have any odour , gas
companies/refineries add an odorant such as ethanethiol, thiophene or
a mercaptan so that leaks can be detected easily by most people.
 However, some people who have a reduced sense of smell may not be
able to rely upon this inherent safety mechanism. In such cases, a gas
leakage detector becomes vital and helps to protect people from the
dangers of gas leakage.

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MOTIVATION

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MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVE

 As a safety fire hazard precaution especially for domestic

purpose.
 Our main idea is to implement security system for
detecting leakage of gas in closed environment using
sensors.
 our work aims to trip off the power supply once the gas
leakage is detected depending on the level of gas so as to
avoid explosion.
 Along with the automated operation we aim to send an
alert text message to the user when the gas leakage is
detected.

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Why is it called ‘Intelligent
gas leakage detector’ ?
 Gas leak detection is the process of identifying potentially hazardous
gas leaks by means of various sensors.
 The term ‘intelligent’ in technical terms means incorporating a
microprocessor/ microcontroller and having its own processing
capability.
 It is an integrated gas leakage detector whose output is interfaced
with the microcontroller and exhibits automatic audio and visual
alerting system for the user.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED
MODEL

ALERTING
CIRCUIT

GAS AUTO-TRIPPING
LEAKAGE MICROCONTROLLER CIRCUIT
DETECTION

COMMUNICATION
CIRCUIT

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COMMON COMPONENTS

 GAS DETECTION SYSTEM

 MICROCONTROLLER

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 GAS DETECTION SYSTEM
 We have used MQ-6 sensor in our prototype for the
detection of gas leakage.
 When the target combustible gas is present in the
vicinity, the sensor’s conductivity increases as the
gas concentration rises
 It has some characteristics which are pertinent to:
• Good sensitivity to Combustible gas in wide range
• High sensitivity to Propane, Butane, and LPG
• Long life and low cost
• Simple drive circuit
 

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MICROCONTROLLER

 A microcontroller has a CPU along with a fixed amount of

RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timer in a single chip. In our
prototype we have used Arduino Uno Development board in
which Atmega32 is the microcontroller.
 Arduino is an open source electronics platform accompanied
with a hardware and software to design, develop and test
complex electronics prototypes and products.
 The hardware consists of a microcontroller which is
programmed using software to do almost any task. Arduino is
an excellent designed open source platform. It has specially
designed boards which can be programmed using the Arduino
Programming Language (APL).

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ARDUINO UNO

PIC. COURTESY-
Engineers Garage

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ALERTING CIRCUIT
 The alerting circuit constitutes the part which upon detection of gas
leakage will alert the user through audio and visual alerting texting.
 We have used a buzzer for audio alerting and a LCD for visual alerting.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED
 Liquid Crystal Display(LCD)
 Buzzer
 Bipolar Junction Transistor(BJT)
 Potentiometer
 Connecting Wires

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Liquid Crystal Display(LCD)
 LCD screen is an electronic display module.
 Preferable over seven segment and other multi segment
display.
 The reason being
• Economical
• Easily Programmable
• Have no limitation of displaying special character, custom
character and animation

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PIN DIAGRAM

PIC. COURTESY-
Engineers Garage

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Bipolar Junction
Transistor(BJT)
 BC547 is an NPN bi-polar
junction transistor.
 A transistor, stands for
transfer of resistance, is
commonly used to amplify
current. A small current at its
base controls a larger current
at collector & emitter
terminals. PIC. COURTESY-
Engineers Garage
 BC547 is mainly used for
amplification and switching
purposes

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Working Principle

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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PROGRAM

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Continued…

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Continued

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COMMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
 Main purpose of our project is to prevent the undesirable
incidents from happening due to gas leakage.
 First part of the project only gives an indication of the
leakage, but nothing can be done by it to obviate it.
 There comes the essence of this communication circuit
which primarily consists of the GSM module.
 This GSM module act as the mode of transmission of the
message that is to be transferred to the individual.

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INTERFACING
 The interaction between the alerting circuit and the
communication circuit is needed for carrying out the
transfer.
 The GSM module which is the important part of this
circuit must be compatible with the Arduino.
 Connection required is -> Arduino TX – GSM RX and
Arduino RX – GSM TX and Ground of both are
connected to complete the interfacing .

 Then the code is being uploaded to Arduino which via

GSM provides the message to the user who prevents
the incident from happening.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF INTERFACING

Vcc
Vcc

RX TX

TX RX
GSM ARDUINO

GND GND

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 TRIPPING CIRCUIT
 Prolonged leakage of gas obviously will lead to some undesirable
incidents and this may lead to explosion which can be deadly.
 To prevent it , it’s very much needed to cut the supply of power to the
circuit.
 For this purpose we are using the RELAY which actually help in isolating
two circuits and the BJT that helps in carrying out the switching action
respectively .

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WORKING OF TRIPPING CIRCUIT
 Depending on the requirement, the voltage is applied to one
terminal of the coil and the other terminal is connected to
the ground of the relay.
 The actuating signal from the microcontroller is provided to
the BJT which operates at the switching mode.
 After the alert message is provided the BJT is turned on and
the ground terminal is connected to the ground.
 As a result the relay actuates itself and shifts from the NC
point to NO point, thereby protecting the circuit to which it
is connected .

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APPLICATIONS

 Safety module in Household against fire hazard

 Combustible gas detector in Industries
 Combustible gas storage locations
 Automatic alarming system

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FUTURE PROSPECTS
Integration with IoT

 Internet of Things (IoT) is an ecosystem of connected

physical objects that are accessible through the
internet.
 The embedded technology in the objects helps them to
interact with internal states or the external
environment, which in turn affects the decisions taken.
 If we implement IoT, we will able to send the alert
message to more than one mobile system, which was
not possible in case of GSM module previously.
 The messaging system will be more effective and
efficient with the help of IoT.
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CONCLUSION
LPG is used in many applications (owing to its chemical properties)
like homes, hostels, industries and vehicles for carrying out
numerous number of daily works. The main objective of the work was designing
a microcontroller based flammable gas leakage detecting and alerting system.
Once the gas leakage is detected immediately there will be an alert message
which will be displayed and alert the people at home by activating the alarm which
consists of the buzzer. But prolonged emission can be harmful which is thwarted by the
auto tripping circuit that is interfaced with the alerting circuit and the individual is
notified of the same through a text message using GSM. This project was implemented
using the ARDUINO processor and simulated using the IDE software and was
tested in a controlled environment keeping safety as the first
priority. This system provides quick response rate and the diffusion
of the critical situation can be made faster than the conventional
methods.
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REFERENCES
 1.D. S. Lee, D. D. Lee, S. W. Ban, M. Lee, and Y. T. Kim, "SnO2 gas sensing
array for combustible and explosive gas leakage recognition”.
 LuayFraiwan, KhaldonLweesy, AyaBani-Salma, Nour Mani, “A Wireless Home
Safety Gas Leakage Detection System”, IEEE 2011.
 Mahalingam, R. T. Naayagi, N. E. Mastorakis, “Design and Implementation of
an Economic Gas Leakage Detector”, IEEE 2012.
 M. Gao, F. Zhang, and J. Tian,“Environmental monitoring system with
wireless mesh network based on Embedded System”, in proc. 5th IEEE Int.
Symp. Embedded Computing, 2008.
 V. Abishek “Wireless Auto Power Trip during Gas Leakage”, Advance in
Electronic and Electric Engineering.ISSN 2231-1297, Volume 3, Number 3
(2013).
 S.Rajtha ,T. Swapna“A security alert system using GSM for gas leakage”,
International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES ISSN: 2249 – 6556
 http://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-component

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THANK YOU…

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