WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?

VARIETY OF DEFINITIONS
&
OTHER TERMS
 GLOBALIZATION by A. Olechowski:

Today I can:
- live on a boat on Caribbean Sea

- work in Poland

- be in constant touch with my boss in France

- and with the rest of the team around the world

- keep my money in a bank in Switzerland

- buy my books in the USA

- buy my clothes in England

- have a phone plugged in the space above me

 GLOBALIZATION as a word:
After Magellan’s discovery:
 the word „globe” came as a substitute of the word „planet”

End of XIX century:

 the word „global” appeared in the Oxford English Dictionary
meaning „world-wide” (adjective)

1940s:
 words „globalism” and „to globalise" in the dictionaries

1961:
the word „globalization” appears in the Webster dictionary
and soon in all the dictionaries around the world
 Globalization in the dictionaries today:

 WEBSTER:

„growth to a global or worldwide scale”

 WIKIPEDIA:

„ a social change, an increase in connections

among societies and their elements”

 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT:

„ the process of increasing integration in world

civilization”
 WORDS USED BEFORE THE WORD
„GLOBALIZATION”
 IMPERIALISM
 WORLD CAPITALISM
 WORLD MARKET
 OPEN ECONOMY

 The roots of globalization lie in the economical

changes and in the intensification of international
trade

 Complex and dynamic process

 Broad, deep definition
 GLOBALIZATION by D. Harvey:

„compression of time and space„

GLOBALIZATION by A. Giddens:

„the world-wide development

of social and economic
relationships”
 GLOBALIZATION by J.A. Scholte:

„the rise of 'supraterritorial' relations between

peoples”

GLOBALIZATION by D. Held:
„widening, deepening and speeding up
of worldwide interconnections
in all aspects of contemporary social life,
from the cultural to the criminal,
the financial to the spiritual”
 GLOBALIZATION by J.W. Head:

„the process by which new multilateral

institutions and rules - especially
those involved in economic activity -
grow in number and authority, at the
expense of local and national
institutions and rules”
 GLOBALIZATION by the critics:

„worldwide drive toward a globalised

economic system
dominated by supranational corporate
trade and banking institutions
that are not accountable to democratic
processes or national governments”
GLOBALIZATION by antiglobalists:

„you can not

eat
your money”
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Internationalization  intensification of relations

between sovereign states

Universalization  the expansion of

interactions affected by
the spread of goods, ideas,
inventions and experiences
to every corner of the
globe
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Liberalization  the lifting of government

restrictions on the cross-
border flow of production
factors and the introduction
of the open world economy

Homogenization  the tendency of prices,

products, pay, property,
interest rates and profit to
resemble one another
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Westernization  the spread of Western

values and cultural
patterns at the cost of
indigenous cultures

Americanization  the spread of American

way of life and cultural
patterns also in well-
developed Western states
(McDonaldization)
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Regionalization  states’ actions toward

regional cooperation on
different levels (political,
economical, social)

Integration  states’ actions toward close

and tight cooperation on
different levels (security,
economics)
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Deterritorialization  certain aspects of a state

territory and its
geographical location
become unimportant

 states are no longer the

Transnationalization
only subjects on
international scene
(corporations,
organizations, individuals)
 IMPORTANT VOCABULARY

 STATE
 NATION
 SOVEREIGNTY
 GOVERNMENT
 SECURITY
 SOCIETY
 OPEN market
 FREE FLOW/MOVEMENT OF GOODS etc.
 MULTILATERAL
 SUPRANATIONAL
 CROSS-BORDER