SUFFRAGE,ELECTION AND

POLITICAL PARTIES
SUFFRAGE
-may be exercised by all citizens of the
philippines not otherwise disqualified by law

-it is the right and obligation to vote of qualified

citizens in the election of public officers.
View on Suffrage
1. A mere privilege – is not a natural right but
merely a privilege to be given or withheld by
law.
2. A political right- enable a citizen to
participate in the process of government.
 THEORIES ON SUFFRAGE

1.The natural right theory

-claims that the right to vote is a
natural and inherited right to every citizen.

2.The legal theory

-suffrage is not a natural right, but a
political right granted by the of the state.
Voting is a public functions.
3. The ethical theory
-means of expressions of the individual
in political affairs.

4. The tribal theory

-suffrage was extended only the citizen
class. Nowadays citizenship is essential for
voting.
5. The feudal theory
- claims that the right to vote depends on
a particulars social status.
TYPES OF VOTES

1.One man one voters

-under this provisions every others is
entitled to one and only one. The voter can
case his vote for any candidate.

2.Single transferrable vote

-in this system, which is designed for the
multi member according to his
requirements.
3. Plural voting
- several qualifications is prescribed
further to vote such as payment of property
tax and education.

4. Open ballot
- the voters raise their hand to support a
candidate
5. Secret ballot
- in this system the voter casts his vote
for the candidate, without knowledge of
another person.
SCOPE OF SUFFRAGE

1. Election
- means by which people choose their
officials.
2. Plebiscite
- is the vote of the people expressing their
choice for or against a proposed law
submitted to them.
3. Referendum
-is the submission of a law passed by the
legislative body to the people for their
ratification or rejection.
4. Initiative
- is a method in which people directly
propose and enact law.

5. Recall
- method by which an elective local
official maybe removed from office during
his tenure.
AGE QUALIFICATIONS
-based on the assumptions that under a
certain age, human being have the maturity
, experience, education and sense of
judgment that will enable them to vote with
a reasonable degree of intelligence.

RESIDENCE QUALIFICATIONS
-this is to give reasonable period within
which a person can familiarize himself with
the needs and conditions and the
personalities of the nation and locality.
PERSONS DISQUALIFIED TO VOTE
 Those who have been sentenced to
suffer imprisonment for not less than one
year.
 Those who committed any crime
involving disloyalty to the government such
as rebellion and sedition.
 Those declared as insane or
incompetent person.
SECTION 2
 The congress shall provide a
system for securing the secrecy and
sanctity of the ballot as will as the system
for absentee voting by qualified filipinos
abroad.
 The congress shall also design
procedure for the physically challenged
and the illiterates to vote without the
assistance of others persons.
SECRECY AND SANCTITY OF THE BALLOT
This is to ensure that the voters shall
exercise their right to freely, uninfluenced by
the intimidation or corrupt motives and to
secure a fair and honest count of the ballot.

ABSENTEE VOTING SYSTEM

Filipinos who by force of circumtances,
have temporarily work and reside abroad
but maintain their love and loyalty to their
native land are still part of our republic.
PARTY SYSTEM
-it is referred to as the interaction of
parties with each other( Roskin et al.,2012)
the system is not equated to parties
because a party system is seen as macro
perspective parties are micro perspective
just focusing on the particular party.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM

1.The two- party system

-this is the system wherein the major the
political parties alternates with each of the
exercise of the political power.

2. The multi-party system

- morethan two political parties fight in
an election, and no single party majority
control of power.
1. Leftist party
- is the reform- minded party which seeks
to change the conditions of the country.

2.Rightist party
- is a conservative group which aims to
maintain the the country.
3. Center party
- adopted policies which are a mixture of
both leftist and rightist tendencies.
3. The one- party system
- only one political party holds power either
because it towers above the others or
because its suppresses all other groups.

Sub-types
 The one party democracy which is usually
found in newly – independent states.
 The totalitarian party in communists states.
PARTY FUNCTIONS:

 Organize the competition.

 Unify the electorate
 Inspire and inform voters
 Translate preferences into policy
 Provide loyal oppositions
 Organize government
 Act as watchdog
 Nominate candidates
 Ensure candidates q
POLITICAL PARTY:
-an organization that seeks political
power by electing people to office so
positions and philosophy become public
policy.

1. Representation
-the capacity to respond and to articulate
the views of both and voters
2. Elite formation and recruitment
-the ability to mold the political elite
tasked the body politics.
3. Goal formulation
- the development of program of
government with a view tracting popular
support.
4.Interest articulation and aggregation
- the task of combining and harmonize
demands and expressing them into
coherent policy formulation.
5. Socialization and mobilization
- the formation of a national agenda and
the of the public discourse to raise
political awareness and build the
necessary value and attitude that would
constitute a larger political culture.

ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNMENT
the power given to a political party that
gains the necessary votes to form the
mental elite, filling administrative posts with
elements from the party rank.