characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanoscale.
In its popular use nanorefers to length and
the nanoscale usually refers to a length from the atomic level of around 0.1nm up to 100 nm. -The term ‘nanotechnology’ was coined by Norio Taniguichi of Tokyo Science University on a paper about the production technology of objects on the order of a nanometer.
Richard Feynman( Father of nanotechnology was the
first to discuss nanotechnology in 1959. It was titled: "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom." In this speech Feynman discussed the importance "of manipulating and controlling things on a small scale" and how they could "tell us much of great interest about the strange phenomena that occur in complex situations." Advantages (Concrete) Nanotechnology can modify the structure of concrete material and finally improves in properties of materials such as: bulk density, mechanical performance, volume stability, durability and sustainability
The addition of nano scale pores could compensate for its
weakness in tension and result in concrete with greatly improved stress-strain behavior.
Addition of nanoparticles will lead to self-healing, air
purifying, fire resistant, easy to clean and quick compacting concrete. Advantages(Steel) Addition of nanoparticles reduces the surface unevenness of steel which then limits the number of stress risers. It increases weld toughness of the steel. Makes the steel corrosion resistant. Infusion of steel with nano scale copper particles could maintain structural integrity up to 1000 F. Advantages(Wood) Mixing nanoparticles in coating will be be highly water repellent. Advantages(Glass) Nanoparticle form to coat glazing since itas sterilizing and anti-fouling properties. Fire-protective glass is another application of nanotechnology. Advantages(Coatings) Nanotechnology is being applied to paints and insulating properties, produced by the addition of nano-sized cells, pores and particles. Nanotechnology based construction products might be harmful to health. Example the nanotubes might cause lung problems to the workers. It will create a new category of nano-waste which has to be extracted and treated. It can affect natural environment. The cost of most nanotechnology materials and equipment are relatively high in comparison to traditional method. It’s a challenge for construction engineer to provide a facility to the general public at a reasonable cost. The areas of applying nanotechnology in construction are mainly focusing on lighter and stronger structural composites, low maintenance coating material, enhanced properties of cementitious materials, reducing the thermal transfer rate of fire retardant and insulation material and other construction related nano- sensors. Nanotechnologies for Concrete: The addition of nano-silica (SiO2) to cement based materials can control the degradation of the calcium- silicatehydrate reaction caused by calcium leaching in water, blocking water penetration and leading to improvements in durability Nanotechnologies for Glass: The use of TiO2 nanoparticles to glasses leads to so-called self cleaning technology Nanotechnologies for Coatings and Paintings: Nanotechnology is applied to paints in order to assure the corrosion protection under insulation Nanotechnologies for Thermal Insulation: Micro or nano-electomechanical systems offer the possibility of monitoring and controlling the internal environment of buildings and this could lead to energy savings Nanotechnologies for Fire Protection: Fire resistance of steel structures is often provided by a coating produced by a spray- on cementitious process. Nanotechnology in a microscopic scale The The “Jubilee Church” in The “Nano House” in Gartnerplatzbruke Rome Australia across the Fulda in Kassel river