Management of Air Cargo: Project 1

Christopher Chung Yan Han

Jerald Cheong Wei Ern
Edwin Chua Tian Wen
Justin Lee Jian Jie
Tan Pui San Joycelyn
Introduction

The Air Cargo Supply Chain

Introduction

Lithium Batteries Racehorses Museum Paintings

Cut Flowers Humanitarian Aid

Lithium Batteries Lithium batteries are
transported as dangerous
goods
➔Sensitive to heat or sunlight

➔May overheat and cause fire

1. Special Documentation
2. Dedicated Storage Area
3. Packing Requirements
4. Special Training Requirements
Lithium Batteries - Special Documentation

Shipper: DG Declaration NOTOC

Lithium Batteries - Dedicated Storage Area

● Storage areas provided by

GHAs and freight
forwarders

● Temperature controlled

● Not exposed to excessive

heat or under direct
sunlight
Lithium Batteries - Packing Requirements

Requirements

● Packed according to
IATA regulations

● Package labelled
accordingly

● ULD labelled accordingly

● Cannot be packed with

other DG
Lithium Batteries - Special Training Requirements

DG Training is required for:

● Freight Forwarders

● Ground Handling
Agents

● Airlines
Racehorses
Live animals that are of
high commercial value
➔ Transported on time
➔ Minimal impact to ensure
optimal performance during
the race

1. Special Documentation
2. Dedicated Transportation
Vehicles
3. Special Storage Area
4. Coordination between Service
Providers
Racehorses - Special Documentation

Shipper Handling Requirements

● Each country's requirements

differs
● Must ensure that race
horse's health papers and
vaccinations are up-to-
date
● Compulsory to confirm that
the race horse is fit and
Health Act Passport healthy enough for the
journey by veterinarian
Racehorses - Dedicated Transportation Vehicles

Horse Boxes Horse Trailers Air Stalls

Freight Forwarder Handling Requirements Air Carrier Handling Requirements

● Should have a suitable environment ● Sheltered to be protected against

for the horses such as having weather condition (Sun/Rain)
ventilation. ● Adequate space
Racehorses - Special Storage Area

Ground Handler Requirements

● Disinfected and
temperature controlled
● Include the necessary
items such as hay and
water
● Comfortable space
allocated for the horse to
be able to rest
Racehorses - Coordination between Service Providers

1. Shipper to freight forwarder and GHA: Coordinate the feeding and

watering
2. Freight Forwarder to Shipper and Consignee: Track and Trace Service
3. Carrier to GHA: Aircraft is ready for loading
4. Carrier to Shipper/Freight forwarder: Accepting the cargo &
requirements for handling
Museum Paintings Museum paintings are
transported as valuable
goods
➔ Temperature sensitive

➔ Unique and irreplaceable

➔ High cultural value

1. Special Documentation
2. Temperature Sensitivity
3. Packing Requirements
4. Security Requirements
Museum Paintings - Special Documentation

Shipper Handling Requirements

● Each country's
requirements differs
● Countries like France value
museum paintings
● Require cultural item
certificate with cultural
item export license
● Require export license for
national treasure

Shipping Cultural item export

advice license
 Museum Paintings - Temperature Sensitivity

Ground Handler
Shipper Handling Freight Forwarder Requirements
Requirements Handling Requirements ● Temperature controlled
● Packing into isothermal ● Temperature storage facilities
crates regulated trucks ● Weather resistant
loading and unloading
Air Carrier Requirements
● Keep cargo hold area at 18-20
degrees
Museum Paintings - Packing Requirements
Museum paintings have to be packed in protective
layers with specific materials

3 layers of protection:
➔ 1st layer: In contact with painting.
Protect it from dust and scratches.
➔ 2nd layer: Cushioning layer.
Protect paintings from vibrations.
Mitigate temperature variations.
➔ 3rd layer: Impact resistant layer.
Protect paintings from impact.
Facilitate handling
Museum Paintings - Security Requirements
Freight Forwarder Handling Ground Handler Requirements
Requirements ● Provide safe storage area
● High security trucks ● Records of personnel
● Fitted with alarms and entering/exiting
circuit-breakers ● Burglar & fire alarms
● Satellite based ● 24/7 guard patrol with Other Requirements
tracking CCTV ● Confidential
● “Safe room” for paintings handling
● Guarded
transport to and
from aircraft

High security truck Safe room

Cut Flowers Cut flowers are classified
under perishable goods that
are subjective to deteriorate
➔Temperature sensitive

➔Affected by length of time in transit

➔Retain its quality and freshness

1. Special Documentation
2. Packing Requirements
3. Dedicated Vehicles/ULDs
4. Cold Storage Facilities
Cut Flowers - Special Documentation

Freight Forwarder Handling

Requirements

● Meet specified
phytosanitary import
requirements
● Indicated the
consignments of cut
flowers are pest-free

Phytosanitary Certificate
Cut Flowers - Packing Requirements

Freight Forwarder & Ground Handler

Handling Requirements
● Avoid placing cut flowers beside heat
emitting shipments
● Require proper arrangement

Shipper Handling Requirements

● Ensure proper labelling, use quality
box, secure cut flowers within the box
as well as taping and tying (if required)
Cut Flowers - Dedicated Vehicles/ULDs

Temperature controlled ULDs Reefers/Refrigerated Vehicles

Freight Forwarder & Ground Handler Handling Requirements

● ‘Shield’ cut flowers from unintended heat exposure/atmosphere
● Insulated containers that accommodate wide range of
temperature settings
● Maintain stable air circulation
● Cleaned and sanitized
Cut Flowers - Cold Storage Facilities

Shipper Handling Requirements

● Essential to have storage

place once flowers are
harvested
● Method for quick removal
of field heat

Pre-cooling room
Cut Flowers - Cold Storage Facilities

Freight Forwarder & Ground Handler

Handling Requirements

● Ensure efficient cool chain

management and unbroken
cool chain
● Temperature configuration to
suit different type of flowers
➢ Tropical flowers: 12-13
degrees celsius
➢ Roses : 3-4 degrees celsius

Dedicated perishable handling

centre
Humanitarian Aid Logistical assistance provided
to people in need
➔Food Aid (Rations, Bottled Water)

➔Healthcare (Medicines/Vaccines,
Hygiene Supplies)

➔Living Essentials (Clothes, Blankets)

1. Special Documentation
2. Dedicated Storage Area
3. Packing Requirements
4. Transport Requirements
Humanitarian Aid - Special Documentation

Shipper Handling Requirements

• Accurately declare shipment

contents and nature of
cargo

• Ensure relevant export

permits are in order

• Issue NOTOC to inform

House Air Waybill NOTOC
captain of cargo hold
temperatures
Humanitarian Aid - Dedicated Storage Area

Freight Forwarder/Ground Handler

Handling Requirements

• Store shipment in temperature

controlled storage rooms/cold
storage facility

• Ensure optimal temperature is

maintained
SATS Coolport
Humanitarian Aid - Packing Requirements

Shipper Handling Requirements

• Responsible for ensuring

temperature compliance
during transport

• Shipment packed in
accordance with IATA
Perishable Cargo Regulations
Insulated Containers
• Appropriately packaged and
labelled
 Humanitarian Aid - Packing Requirements

IATA Time and Temperature IATA Perishable Humanitarian Aid Label

Sensitive Label Handling Label
Humanitarian Aid - Transport Requirements
Freight Forwarder/Ground
Handler Handling Requirements

• Appropriate temperatures set

beforehand

• Monitor temperatures during

transport

• High priority ramp handling

• Minimize time ULDs are

Refrigerated Trucks Temperature controlled exposed to ambient
ULDs temperatures and sunlight
Humanitarian Aid - Transport Requirements

Air Carrier Handling Requirements

• Ensure cargo hold

temperatures are within 15°C
to 25°C

• Monitor and maintain cargo

hold temperature settings
during flight

Aircraft cargo hold

COMPARISON -
Documentation Packing Storage Transport
SUMMARY

- DG Declaration - Packed according to - Temperature

- NOTOC IATA regulations controlled
Lithium Batteries
- Not exposed to
heat/Sunlight

- Health Act - Disinfected and - Dedicated

Racehorses - Passport temperature Vehicles and Air
controlled Stalls

- Shipping Advice - Packed in protective - Temperature - High security trucks

Museum - Culture item layers with specific controlled storage - Temperature
Paintings export license materials facilities regulated trucks
- Safe storage area

- Phytosanitary - Secure cut flowers - Temperature - Refrigerated trucks

Cut Flowers Certificate and use quality controlled storage - Temperature
packaging facilities controlled ULDs

- House Air Waybill - Insulated packaging - Temperature - Refrigerated trucks

Humanitarian
- NOTOC - Appropriate labelling controlled storage - Temperature
Aid
facilities controlled ULDs
Conclusion
Airfreight is a key contributor to global economy

● Each milestone in the supply chain has their own roles and responsibilities

● Different types of commodities have different handling requirements

● Crucial for all milestones in the supply chain to work together