Mechanics

• Branch of Physical Sciences that deal with the state of rest or motion
of bodies that are subjected to forces.
• Rigid Body Mechanics
• Deformable-Body Mechanics,
• Fluid Mechanics

• Mechanics is concerned with Rigid body mechanics.

Mechanics
• Statics
• Dynamics
• Statics deals with equilibrium of bodies,
• Either at rest or moving with uniform velocity.
• Dynamics is concerned with the accelerated motion of bodies.
• Statics ( special case of dynamics in which a=0)
Mechanics History
Basic Concepts
• Basic Quantities
• Length: Used to locate the position of a point in
space and is described by the size of the physical
system.
• Units: Meter, Feet
• Other Units:
• Inch, centimeter, Millimeter, Yard, Kilometer,
Mile etc.
Basic Concepts

• Basic Quantities
• Time: Time is conceived as succession of
events
• Units: Second, Minute Etc.
Basic Concepts
• Basic Quantities
• Mass
• Measure of quantity of matter, that is used to compare the
action of one body with another.
• Slug, Kilogram, Gram etc.
Basic Concepts
• Force
• Push or Pull exerted by one body on another.
• Interaction can be either direct (Pushing an Object)
• Or it can occur through a distance when the bodies are physically
separated (Electrical, Magnetic and gravitational forces.
• Force is a vector quantity
• Magnitude, Direction and point of application.
Idealization
• For simplification.
• Particle
• Particle has mass, but its size can be neglected.
• When a body is idealized as particle the principles of mechanics
reduce to rather simplified form since the geometry of the body will
not be involved in the analysis of the problem.
 • For simplification.
• Rigid Body
• Combination of a large number of
Idealization particles in which the particles remain
at a fixed distance from one another,
both before and after applying the
load.
 Concentrated Force
• A concentrated force represents the effect of
a load which is assumed to act at a point on a
body.
• A load can be assumed as concentrated force
if the area on which the force is acting is very
small as compared to the overall size of the
body.
• Contact force between a wheel and ground.
Newton’s
Three Laws of
Motion
Basis of Engineering Mechanics.
Motion of a particle as measured from a
nonaccelerating reference frame.
Newton’s First Law

• A particle originally at rest or moving in a

straight line with constant velocity tends to
remain in its state provided the particle is not
subjected to an unbalanced force.
Newton’s Second Law
• A paricle acted upon by an unbalance force F experiences an
acceleration a that has the same direction as the force and a
magnitude is directly proportional to the force.
• Can be expressed as
• F=ma
 Newton’s Third Law

The mutual forces of action and reaction between two particles are
equal, opposite and collinear.
Weight
• Definition
• Unit
• Mathematical Form
Units
Units