1301 CHTR 15 Wo Notes

DHYG 1301
Orofacial Anatomy, Histology & Embryology

 Name cards & Introduction
 Syllabus & Resources
 Instructor Office Hours and

contact information
Ms. Reynolds email

(Victoria.Reynolds@dcccd.edu)
Office Hours: Tuesday 3-5pm, Thursday
830-930 & 12-1pm and Friday 11am-12pm
General Dental Terminology
Maxilla-and Maxillary teeth
Mandible-and Mandibular teeth
Alveolar Process of Maxilla & Mandible
Maxillary & Mandibular (4 quadrants, 6 sextants)-

see Fig. 15-4, 15-5 of Text
Pgs. 197-198
Dentitions
 Primary & Permanent (Mixed period)
 Tooth Types: incisors, (central & lateral), canines,

premolars (in permanent dentition) and molars
 Numbering Systems: 3 types

Primary & Permanent Dentition
UNS & INS
Primary Dentition Period
*This period begins with the eruption of the

primary mandibular central incisors.
Approximately between 6 months and 6 years of
age.
* Only the primary teeth are present during this

time. Full eruption completed at 30 months,
usually when the primary second molars are in
occlusion.
Mixed Dentition Period
*The mixed dentition period follows the primary dentition
period.
*Occurs between approximately 6 and 12 years of age.
*Primary and permanent teeth are present during this transitional

stage.
*Both shedding of primary teeth, and eruption of permanent teeth

begin after their crowns are completed.
Break Out Session
Groups of 5: Discuss clinical implications of Mixed dentition
 What does the permanent dentition have
that the primary dentition doesn’t?
 What would be the tooth designation (using

the UNS & INS for a primary 1st molar in UR
quadrant?
 What clinical considerations are there for

the mixed dentition stage?
Permanent Dentition
* Final dentition period is the permanent dentition period.
* Begins with shedding of the last primary tooth.
* Usually begins after 12 years of age.
* Included is the eruption of all the permanent teeth, except for teeth that are
congenitally missing or impacted and cannot erupt, usually involving the third
molars.
Copyright 2016, 2006, 2011 by Saunders, an Imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Permanent Dentition Period
Dental Terminology
 Facial (anterior)  Palatal

 Buccal (posterior)  Lingual
 Posterior  Occlusal (posterior)
 Anterior  Incisal (anterior)
 Midline  Proximal
See figure 15-9 in text

Dental Terminology
 Root/Crown  CEJ (cementoenamel

 Enamel junction)
 Dentin  Anatomical Crown & Root
 Cementum  Clinical Crown & Root
 Pulp  Occlusion
 Alveolar Process  Mastication
 Root Concavity  DAQT (definition &
 Gingiva example)
Tooth Anatomy Terms
*Each tooth consists of a crown and one or more roots.
*The crown has dentin covered by enamel, and each root has dentin
covered by cementum.
*The inner part of the dentin of both crown and root also covers the
pulp cavity of the tooth.
*The pulp cavity has a pulp chamber, pulp canal (or canals) with an
apical foramen (or foramina), and possibly a pulp horn (or horns)
Pg. 199 F&P text

Tooth Anatomy Terms
Pulp Horns
Tooth Anatomy Terms: Clinical crown
*The anatomic root is that part of

the root covered by cementum.
*The clinical root of a tooth is that

part of the anatomic root that is
visible, subject to variability over
time, again related to gingival
recession.
(Courtesy of Margaret J. Fehrenbach, RDH, MS.
Tooth Anatomy Terms: Clinical
Implications
*All roots are widest at the CEJ and taper toward the apex of
the tooth.
*Roots have more bulk on the facial surface than on the

lingual surface.
*The root tapers more dramatically on the lingual surface.
Tooth Anatomy
* Many surfaces of the roots have depressions, or root

concavities.
* These indentations in the root surface commonly occur on the

proximal root surfaces of anteriors and posteriors and the buccal
and lingual surfaces of molars.
* An area between two or more of these roots is a furcation.
Tooth Anatomy:
Root Concavities
*The furcal aspect of the root is
concave in 94% of the MB roots,
31% of the DB roots, and 17% of the
P roots.
*The deepest concavity is found in

the furcal aspects of the MB root
(mean concavity, 0.3 mm). The furcal
aspect of the buccal roots diverges
toward the palate in 97% of teeth
(mean divergence, 22 degrees).
From Newman MG, Takei H, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA: Carranza's clinical periodontology,
ed 11, St Louis, 2012, Saunders/Elsevier
Tooth Anatomy: Root Concavities
* Root concavities should be carefully explored during instrumentation
appointments and charted in the patient’s record.
* Exposed to the oral environment due to periodontal disease
* Hidden to the clinician under a periodontal pocket
From Newman MG, Takei H, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA: Carranza's clinical periodontology, ed 11, St Louis, 2012, Saunders/Elsevier
Concavity Instrumentation & Homecare

What would you recommend for a patient that had chronic inflammation and
bleeding and biofilm around a known root concavity area?
Orientational Descriptions
 Describes as if patient’s head is in anatomical position
 Maxillary teeth –root superior to crown
 Mandibular teeth-root inferior to crown
 IMPORTANT!!!! Please Note:

Left & Right corresponds to the patient’s Left &
Right, not the clinicians.
Orientational Tooth Terms
Fehrenbach & Popowics 4th edition pgs 200-202
-Occlusal/Incisal -Height of Contour

-Cusps/Ridges -Interproximal
-Mesial/Distal -Contact Area
-Labial/Buccal -Root Axis Line
-Palatal -Ridges
-Lingual -Cusp
-Proximal -Embrasure
-Line angle
Root Axis Line
Copyright 2016, 2011, 2006 by Saunders, an Imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved
• 5 surfaces for each tooth: Mesial, Distal, Lingual, Buccal (or Labial) & Occlusal (or
Incisal)
The masticatory surfaces of both anterior and posterior teeth

have linear elevations or ridges, which are named according
to location: Mesial/Distal Marginal Ridges
Both canines and posterior teeth also have at least one major
elevation, the cusp;
Break Out Session: Look at Tooth Models

and Identify all Tooth Orientational Terms on
previous slide.
NOTE:
* It is noted when viewing teeth overall that the proximal CEJ

curvature is greatest on the anterior and the least on the
posterior teeth.
*The curvature is similar on mesial and distal surfaces of the

two teeth that face each other.
*In addition, on any given tooth, the height of the CEJ

curvature is greater on the mesial aspect of that tooth than it is
on the distal aspect.
Orientational Tooth Terms: Mastication
The area where the crowns of adjacent teeth in the

same arch physically touch on each proximal surface
is the contact area
Courtesy of MJ Fehrenbach, personal collection
Orientational Tooth Terms: Mastication
 The height of contour, or crest of curvature, is the greatest elevation of the tooth
either incisocervically or occlusocervically on a specific surface of the crown when
viewing its profile from the labial or buccal and the lingual.
Orientational Tooth Forms: Mastication
-Where 2 teeth come into contact (in the same arch), the curvatures
next to the contact areas form triangle shaped spaces considered
embrasures (seen from incisal or occlusal view)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embrasure_(dentistry)
*A line angle is formed at the junction of two crown
surfaces and is a named for the combination of those
surfaces.
Orientational ToothTerms
* A point angle is the area of the crown. It is named for the junction
of these three intersecting surfaces
* A tooth can also be divided up into 3 sections that

describes the area of either the crown or root
surface of a tooth. These can be used in either
vertical or horizontal descriptions. (Most often used
in vertical descriptions to describe the crown of the
tooth).
What conditions can you think of that would need

you to describe a tooth condition to your DDS? And
describe exactly where you saw the anomaly.
Crowns and Roots can be divided

up into three categories: Cervical,
Middle and Incisal (Occlusal or
Apical)
Tooth Forms
*Tooth crowns follow the 4 shapes as

shown: See Table 15-4 Fehrenbach &
Popowics. Pgs 204-205
*Tooth form is related to the function

during mastication for the tooth type, as
well as to its role in speech and
esthetics.
*The form and function of each tooth

type are similar for both the primary and
permanent dentitions.
Tooth Forms: Incisors (Maxillary & Mandibular)
The incisors are for biting during mastication

Tooth Forms: Canines
The canines are for piercing or tearing food.
Tooth Forms: Premolars
Premolars (Bicuspids) assist the canines and the molars during mastication.
Grinding and piercing.
Tooth Forms: Molars
Molars grind food during mastication
Tooth Forms
* Variations exist:
-The individual tooth form and its related function can be lost
as a result of attrition, caries, and trauma or even extraction.
-Functional tooth form that has been lost can be approximated

by restorative treatment:
Crowns, Bridges, Partials, Implants and Dentures(removable
or fixed)
Restorations
Extracoronal restorations are

used to restore teeth with more
extensive damage(crowns: that
cannot be managed with
intracoronal (fillings)
restorations

1301 CHTR 15 Wo Notes

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

1301 CHTR 15 Wo Notes

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

DHYG 1301

Orofacial Anatomy, Histology & Embryology

 Syllabus & Resources

 Instructor Office Hours and

Ms. Reynolds email

Maxilla-and Maxillary teeth

Mandible-and Mandibular teeth

Alveolar Process of Maxilla & Mandible

Maxillary & Mandibular (4 quadrants, 6 sextants)-

 Tooth Types: incisors, (central & lateral), canines,

 Numbering Systems: 3 types

*This period begins with the eruption of the

* Only the primary teeth are present during this

*Occurs between approximately 6 and 12 years of age.

*Primary and permanent teeth are present during this transitional

*Both shedding of primary teeth, and eruption of permanent teeth

 What would be the tooth designation (using

 What clinical considerations are there for

* Final dentition period is the permanent dentition period.

* Begins with shedding of the last primary tooth.

* Usually begins after 12 years of age.

 Facial (anterior)  Palatal

See figure 15-9 in text

 Root/Crown  CEJ (cementoenamel

Pg. 199 F&P text

*The anatomic root is that part of

*The clinical root of a tooth is that

*Roots have more bulk on the facial surface than on the

*The root tapers more dramatically on the lingual surface.

* Many surfaces of the roots have depressions, or root

* These indentations in the root surface commonly occur on the

* An area between two or more of these roots is a furcation.

*The deepest concavity is found in

* Exposed to the oral environment due to periodontal disease

* Hidden to the clinician under a periodontal pocket

Concavity Instrumentation & Homecare

 Describes as if patient’s head is in anatomical position

 Maxillary teeth –root superior to crown

 Mandibular teeth-root inferior to crown

 IMPORTANT!!!! Please Note:

-Occlusal/Incisal -Height of Contour

The masticatory surfaces of both anterior and posterior teeth

Break Out Session: Look at Tooth Models

* It is noted when viewing teeth overall that the proximal CEJ

*The curvature is similar on mesial and distal surfaces of the

*In addition, on any given tooth, the height of the CEJ

The area where the crowns of adjacent teeth in the

Courtesy of MJ Fehrenbach, personal collection

* A tooth can also be divided up into 3 sections that

What conditions can you think of that would need

Crowns and Roots can be divided

*Tooth crowns follow the 4 shapes as

*Tooth form is related to the function

*The form and function of each tooth

The incisors are for biting during mastication

The canines are for piercing or tearing food.

Molars grind food during mastication

-Functional tooth form that has been lost can be approximated

Extracoronal restorations are

S-ar putea să vă placă și