Computer Programming

DISPLAYING HELLO WORLD

Maria Regina C. Flores
Instructor
WHAT IS MACHINE LANGUAGE?
Machine code also known as machine
language, is the elemental language of
computers, comprising a long sequence
of binary digital zeros and one (bits).
00000 10011110
00001 11110100
00010 10011110
00011 11010100
00100 10111111
00101 00000000
WHAT IS HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE?
High-level languages enables programmers
to write programs that are more or less
independent of a particular type of
computer. Such languages are considered
high-level because they are closer to
human languages and further from machine
language.
1 int a, b, sum;
2
3 cin >> a;
4 cin >> b;
5
6 sum = a + b;
7 cout << sum << endl;
 Programs written in high-level
languages must be translated into
machine language by a compiler or
interpreter.
WHAT IS A COMPILER?
It is a computer software that transforms computer
code written in one programming language (the
source language).

The name compiler is primarily used for programs

that translate source code from a high-level
programming language to a low-level language(ex.
Machine code/machine language) to create an
executable program.
Compiler checks whether the program follows
the C++ syntax
if it finds errors, it lists them
If there are no errors, it translates the C++ program
into a program in machine language which you can
execute
WHAT IS A COMPILER?
This is a portion of code written in C++ that
accomplishes the exact same purpose:
1 int a, b, sum; 00000 10011110
2 00001 11110100
3 cin >> a; 00010 10011110
4 cin >> b; COMPILER
5 00011 11010100
6 sum = a + b; 00100 10111111
7 cout << sum << endl; 00101 00000000
YOUR FIRST PROGRAM
The best way to learn a programming
language is by writing programs. Typically,
the first program beginners write is a
program called "Hello World", which
simply prints "Hello World" to your
computer screen. Although it is very
simple, it contains all the fundamental
components C++ programs have:
#include is a “pre-processor” directive that
tells the compiler to put code from the
header called iostream into our program
before actually creating the executable. By
including header files, you gain access to
many different functions, for example the
cout function requires iostream.
This line tells the compiler to use a
group of functions that are part of
the standard library (std). By
including this line at the top of the
file, you allow the program to use
functions such as cout.
The function named main is a special
function in all C++ programs; it is the
function called when the program is run.
The execution of all C++ programs begins
with the main function, regardless of
where the function is actually located
within the code.
{ and }
Everything between these braces is the
function's body that defines what happens
when main is called. All functions use
braces to indicate the beginning and end of
their definitions.
This line is a C++ statement. A
statement is an expression that
can actually produce some effect.
cout – means character output
<< - indicates that what follows is inserted
into cout.
"Hello world!" - the content inserted into the
standard output.
; - This character marks the end of the
statement, just like as the period ends a
sentence in English.