Vacuum Pump: Type: Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump Make: Nash MODEL: AT-1006E

VACUUM PUMP
TYPE : LIQUID RING VACUUM PUMP

MAKE: NASH
MODEL: AT-1006E
Vacuum
• A perfect vacuum is defined as a region in space without any particles.
• But perfect vacuum is an idealistic case. It cannot be achieved in a laboratory, although there may be small volumes which,
for a brief moment, happen to have no particles of matter in them. Even if all particles of matter were removed, there
would still be photons and gravitons, as well as dark energy and other aspects of the quantum vacuum.
Pressure ranges of each quality of vacuum in different units

Vacuum quality Torr Pa Atmosphere
Atmospheric pressure 760 1.013×105 1 0.099 atm
Low vacuum 760 to 25 1×105 to 3×103 9.87×10−1 to 3×10−2
Medium vacuum 25 to 1×10−3 3×103 to 1×10−1 3×10−2 to 9.87×10−7
High vacuum 1×10−3 to 1×10−9 1×10−1 to 1×10−7 9.87×10−7 to 9.87×10−13
Ultra high vacuum 1×10−9 to 1×10−12 1×10−7 to 1×10−10 9.87×10−13 to 9.87×10−16
Extremely high vacuum < 1×10−12 < 1×10−10 < 9.87×10−16
Outer space 1×10−6 to < 1×10−17 1×10−4 to < 3×10−15 9.87×10−10 to < 2.96×10−20
Perfect vacuum 0 0 0
Absolute Pressure vs Gauge Pressure
Pabsolute = Patm + Pgauge

(Pguage must be positive)
Pgauge
Pabsolute
Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
Patm
Measuring Vacuum
Most commonly used measurement unit for vacuum is Torr.
1atm= 760mm Hg=29.92” Hg
1 Torr= 1 mm Hg
Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
Pgauge
Pabsolute = Patm + Pgauge

(Pgauge must be negative for vacuum)
Pabsolute Patm
WHY VACUUM IS MAINTAINED IN CONDENSER
Increasing the efficiency by lowering the Condenser
Pressure:
• To take advantage of the increased efficiencies at low

pressures, the condensers of steam power plants usually
operate well below the atmospheric pressure
Disadvantages :
• It creates the possibility of air leakage into the condenser.
More importantly, it increases the moisture content of the
steam at the final stages of the turbine.
However, there is a lower limit on the condenser pressure

that can be used. It cannot be lower than the saturation
pressure corresponding to the temperature of the cooling
medium.
WHY VACUUM IS MAINTAINED IN CONDENSER
• Air and non-condensable gases reduce the heat transfer efficiency in condenser. For example, the thermal conductivity of air
is 0.000049, compared with 0.002 for water, 0.20 for iron, and 0.96 for copper. Not removing air and non-condensable gases
from the steam system can reduce heat transfer efficiencies by 21% or more depending on the air concentration in the
steam system.
• The non-condensable gases form a stagnant film on the walls of the heat transfer surface, which creates a resistance. Heat
energy transmitting through the heat transfer surface has to pass by conduction through these films of resistance. A film of
air or non-condensable gases that is only one thousandth of an inch thick has the resistance of a three-inch wall of iron.
• During shutdown of a steam system or its components, the system depressurizes, with the steam condensing and reducing
in volume by as much as 1,600 times. This reduction in volume produces a vacuum in the steam system or steam
components. Air is drawn into the steam system through steam components, such as air vents, valve packing, and flanges,
and the air drawn in fills the vacuum. When energizing a steam system or steam heat transfer components, one of the first
goals should be to vent the air out of the steam system or components.
So, the function of vacuum pump to remove air (non-condensate) gas from condenser and to create the vacuum start-up period.
GEAR PUMP
Liquid ring vacuum Pump: Operation Principle
• A liquid ring vacuum pump has an impeller with blades attached to a centre hub
located in a cylindrical body but off-set from the centre.
• The pump requires a liquid (sealant) to create vacuum. Prior to starting the
pump, it should be partially filled with the liquid sealant. The liquid can be water
(making it a water ring pump), oil or a solvent, depending upon the application.
Operation Principle
• When the pump starts, the impeller slings the liquid sealant, by centrifugal
force, to the outside walls of the body forming a ring of liquid.
• Because the impeller is off-set from the body, some of the blades are fully
immersed in liquid, and some are almost out of the liquid
• The area of void space without liquid, is sealed off between the liquid and
between the impeller blades, called an impeller cell.
• As we follow one impeller cell from the top of the pump, counter-clockwise, we
can see the liquid recedes from the centre hub, acting as a liquid piston to create
a larger cell.
• As we follow one impeller cell from the top of the pump, counter-clockwise,
you can see the liquid recedes from the centre hub, acting as a liquid piston to
create a larger cell. This is the suction of the pump.
• After impeller cell passes the inlet port and travels toward the discharge port,
the sealant liquid is forced back toward the centre hub of the impeller, creating
the compression step.
Defining the parameters
Suppose volume of one impeller is V
RPM= N
Then, theoretical capacity of the pump = (V X N) m3/min
If volumetric efficiency is ɳ, capacity will be = ɳ X V X N
CAPACITY (C) = ɳ X V X N
P1,T1
P1,T1 Dry Air + One Impeller Cell
Dry Air Sat Vapour
Volume V1 Volume V2
P1=Pdryair P1=Pdryair + Psat Vapour
P1 X V1 = n1RT1 P1 X V2 = nRT1
(P1)
V2 = V1 X
P1-Pvap
Major Components of LRVP system
To atmosphere
Suction (Air+ Sat Vapour)
Packing gland Assembly
2nd Stage Rotor

Separator
Interstage
Motor 1st stage Rotor Manifold
Grid Coupling
Interstage
Free end Check valve
Bearing Fixed end
Discharge from 1st stage Inlet to manifold
Bearing
Gland Packing with Gland Packing with
lantern ring lantern ring
Major Components of LRVP system
Separator 2ndstage Rotor
Manifold 1st stage Rotor Motor
Cooling water
Inlet
Shell & Tube type heat exchanger
Recirculation Pump
SEPARATOR DISCHARGE TO
ATMOSPHERE
PUMP INLET SPRAY NOZZLES
INLET TO
SEPARATOR
INTERSTAGE
MAIFOLD INLET
DRIVING MOTOR LEVEL GAUGE
FIRST STAGE
OUTLET
FIRST STAGE BODY SECOND STAGE BODY
LEVEL TRANSMITTER
CONNECTON
DISCHARGE TO
ATMOSPHERE
CONNECTION FOR
ROTAMETER
INLET PNEUMATIC
DUPLEX FILTER
BUTTERFLY VALVE
COOLING WATER OUTLET

TO HEAT EXCHANGER
COOLING WATER INLET
TO HEAT EXCHNGER
HEAT EXCHANGER
FLOWMETER (SEALANT
LIQUID INLET)
Low Vacuum vs High Vacuum operation
Specification of NASH AT-1006E
Performance of the liquid ring vacuum pump is specified by following parameters:
• Capacity of free dry air saturated with water vapour at 1” Hg suction pressure (absolute) & subcooled by 7.5 C = 10 SCFM
• Hogging Capacity at 10” Hg suction pressure at design condenser CW temperature 33 C = 200 SCFM
• Blank off suction pressure at design condenser cooling temperature 33 C = 2” Hg (Absolute
• Pump Down time (volume to be evacuated=180 m3 from 1 atm to 10” Hg with two pumps) = 6 min
• Recirculation pump design capacity= 7.9kg/cm2
• Heat Exchanger terminal temperatures (counter flow type)

Cooling water Sealant water
Design Cond Operating Cond Design Cond Operating Cond
Inlet 13.08 33 15.6 41
Outlet _ _ 22.2 49.1
Performance Curve:
60 F sealing water
& 7.5 subcooled.
Blank off Suction Pressure:
• The limiting pressure approached in a vacuum system after a sufficient pumping time has elapsed to establish that
further reduction in pressure will be negligible.
• Blank off suction pressure is measured as close as to suction connection of the pump after isolating the condenser.
• For AT 1006E vacuum pump BSP= 2.04 inhg ( 0.070 kg/cm2)
Cooling Tower
Steam Vacuum Pump
Condenser
Suction line of pump
Pressure= 0.103 kg/cm2
Temperature=46 C
Cooling water
Inlet Temperature=33 C
Design Consideration:
Pressure should be lower than 0.103 kg/cm2.
So maximum sealant liquid inlet temperature 46 C in the
Condensate system otherwise there will be chances cavitation inside
pump.
Design Consideration of condenser: To ensure condensation of incoming (liquid + vapour mixture)

Maximum sealant liquid temperature is 41 C (designed CW
Condenser Pressure =Saturation Pressure at (Cooling water inlet temperature + 10-15 C) temperature temperature at 33 C of cooling water)
= Saturation Pressure at 33 + 13 = 46 C
= 0.103 kg/cm2 (absolute)
SEPARATOR
Discharge to atmosphere
Check Valve
Rotameter
• Level transmitter signal opens the solenoid valve
when the water level drops below 80mm and closes
at water level above 120 mm.
• Overflow loop drains the excess water through the drain
pipe.
Overflow loop connection
• Normal Water level=120mm
Connection to differential
level transmitter
• If the level remains low for 5 sec: DCS alarm
• If the level remains low for 10sec: DCS interlock
Make up water line

solenoid valve operated Connection
to drain
Check Valve
Level Gauge
Connection to Drain Ball Valve Connection to drain
drain
Instruments in the system
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor
Manifold 1st stage Rotor Motor Manifold 1st stage Rotor Motor
Cooling water Cooling water

Inlet Inlet
Shell & Tube type heat exchanger Shell & Tube type heat exchanger
Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser Pneumatically operated

butterfly valve
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Pressure Transmitter (4 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Temperature Transmitter(2 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Flow Transmitter(2 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Temperature Transmitter (2 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Pressure Gauge (4 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Temperature Indicator(4 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Temperature Indicator(2 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
Cooling Tower
Condenser
Differential Pressure Transmitter(2 nos.)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet

Duplex Filter
PUMP OPERATION
Cooling Tower Hogging Operation mode
Both the butterfly valve will be opened
Condenser after switching on the vacuum pump
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Running Pump
Running Pump Duplex Filter

PUMP OPERATION
Cooling Tower
Hogging Operation mode
Condenser
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Running Pump

PUMP OPERATION
Cooling Tower Hogging Operation mode
When the pressure falls below 0.305 kg/cm2
Condenser (300mbar), the system goes to holding mode
by shutting down the other pump.
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Running Pump

PUMP OPERATION
Cooling Tower Hogging Operation mode to Holding mode
Condenser
Butterfly valve closed
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Stand by pump

PUMP OPERATION
Cooling Tower Holding Operation mode
Condenser
Pressure of sealant liquid inlet=1.72 bar
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Stand by pump

PUMP OPERATION
Condenser When pressure goes above
0.173352 kg/cm2 (170mbar), signals to start the pump
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Stand by Pump

PUMP OPERATION
Condenser
Vacuum pump motor is turned on, but the
butterfly valve will be in closed condition.
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Stand by Pump

PUMP OPERATION
Condenser When pressure fall below 0.102 kg/cm2 (100mbar),
signals to open the butterfly valve. (delay 5sec)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Stand by Pump

PUMP OPERATION
Condenser
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Running Pump

PUMP OPERATION
When pressure drops to
Condenser
0.102 kg/cm2 (100mbar), signals to stop the pump
(delay 3 Sec)
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Running Pump

PUMP OPERATION
Condenser
Discharge to
atmosphere
Return Line to CT
Separator Separator
2ndstage Rotor
2ndstage Rotor

Inlet Inlet
Stand by pump

Control & Trip Conditions
Vacuum Pump Starting Conditions:
• Cooling water supply to heat exchanger.
• Separator level is not low. (below 80mm)
• Vacuum pump motor is ready to run.
Vacuum Pump Trip Conditions:

• Vacuum pump motor trip on overload relay.
• Vacuum pump trip on emergency trip from field.
• Recirculation pump motor trip on motor overload relay operates or emergency trip from field.
• Pneumatic butterfly valve does not open within 30 sec after vacuum pump starts.
Recirculation Pump start conditions:

• Separator level is not low.
• Recirculation pump motor is ready to run.
Recirculation Pump trip conditions:

• Recirculation pump motor trip on motor overload relay operates or emergency trip from field.
• Separator level trip conditions.
Maintenance Schedule
6 months 12 months
Drive coupling should be lubricated with Replace the stuffing box packing.
grease in accordance with the OEM
instructions
Check for bearing conditions & lubricate Inspect the interstate check valve. Make
if required. sure that elastomer on the clapper is
intact.
Lubricate drive motor bearing according Check that shroud vent valve operate
to motor manufacturer instructions. freely.
Clean the seal liquid line strainer. Clean
it more often if required.
CAUTIONS
• The seal liquid must be provided to the unit and both stages primed before the unit is started, even if the pump is
only being operated to check the shaft rotation or any other test purposes.
• Never operate the pump without sufficient operating liquid and sufficient stream of sealing liquid. During start up,
liquid level should be at higher level than shaft.
• Feed pressure of the sealant liquid must not be greater than 0.3 bar of discharge pressure. It should be maintained
around 1.7 bar.
• Continuously check for housing temperature during start up. If the temperature quickly increases or more than 22 C
that of operating liquid, switch off the motor immediately.
• If the bearing bracket temperature is more than 28 C that of housing, immediately switch off the pump.
• After starting the pump monitor the bearing temperature until it it is stable for 30 mins.
• Ensure the pump and system for sufficient operating liquid, then turn on vacuum pump & then recirculation pump
with in 5sec, other wise vacuum pump motor should be turned off.
• It is advisable to flush the pump with water soluble preserving oil cortec VCI-379E or equivalent after shut down.
TROUBLESHOOTING
Check for proper sealant
liquid flow rate.
Check for Check the

obstruction in correct
air discharge direction of
vacuum pump (Clockwise from DE)
line
rotation
TROUBLESHOOTING Check the

operation of
Check for solenoid valve
restriction in in the seal
inlet suction water supply
line.
Check for bearing

Check the operation of
lubrication, coupling
interstage check valve
alignment and bearing
clapper
condition.
THANK YOU

Vacuum Pump: Type: Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump Make: Nash MODEL: AT-1006E

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Vacuum Pump: Type: Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump Make: Nash MODEL: AT-1006E

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

VACUUM PUMP

TYPE : LIQUID RING VACUUM PUMP

Pressure ranges of each quality of vacuum in different units

Pabsolute = Patm + Pgauge

Pabsolute = Patm + Pgauge

• To take advantage of the increased efficiencies at low

However, there is a lower limit on the condenser pressure

P1=Pdryair P1=Pdryair + Psat Vapour

Packing gland Assembly

2nd Stage Rotor

Separator 2ndstage Rotor

Manifold 1st stage Rotor Motor

DRIVING MOTOR LEVEL GAUGE

COOLING WATER OUTLET

• Blank off suction pressure at design condenser cooling temperature 33 C = 2” Hg (Absolute

• Recirculation pump design capacity= 7.9kg/cm2

• Heat Exchanger terminal temperatures (counter flow type)

Steam Vacuum Pump

Design Consideration of condenser: To ensure condensation of incoming (liquid + vapour mixture)

Make up water line

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Condenser Pneumatically operated

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Recirculation Pump Recirculation Pump

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter

Cooling water Cooling water

Running Pump Duplex Filter