OBTENCIÓN DE BUTANOL

Integrantes del equipo:

Ojeda Sáenz Alejandra
Rojas López José Luis
Santos Romero Luis Miguel
 Introducción
Como resultado de los crecientes precios del petróleo y de quedarse sin combustibles fósiles, se
han iniciado varios trabajos de investigación para producir energía renovable, entre ellos
bioalcoholes, incluyendo el etanol y butanol, que pueden ser aplicados como materias primas
químicas de usos múltiples; Además, son considerados como biocombustibles de próxima
generación para vehículos para sustituir o complementar la gasolina. Sin embargo, el butanol
presenta mejores propiedades que el etanol cuando se usa como combustible, tales como
mayor número de octano, mayor contenido de energía, menos corrosividad y menor
solubilidad en agua.
Butanol se produce por lo general a partir de biomasa acetonabutanol-etanol fermentación
(ABE) (como “biobutanol”) o a partir de combustibles fósiles (como “petro-butanol”). El primer
modo con el tiempo reemplazará a los combustibles fósiles y la producción de energía en el
futuro con el agotamiento de los recursos fósiles, aunque la mayoría de butanol producido en la
actualidad se deriva de una reacción petroquímica.
 COLUMNA MULTICOMPONENTE 1
moles xd moles xw moles x
12 0.55555556 0 0 12 0.12 Acetona 0.12 0.68877551
3.6 0.16666667 0.4 0.005102 4 0.04 Etanol 0.04 0.00510204
6 0.27777778 54 0.6887755 60 0.6 Agua 0.6 0.30612245
0 0 24 0.3061224 24 0.24 Butanol 0.24 0
21.6 1 78.4 1
P P
101.325 tburbuja Psat Gamma k y/k 101.325 tburbuja presion Gamma k k*x
14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.19872296 118.35356 6.405468134 7.481963706 0.07425264 14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 300.765423 5.61933328 16.6800015 0
16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.19869755 48.778165 1.341183438 0.645649807 0.25813787 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 172.02982 1.18163343 2.00617998 0.01023561
16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.99772617 20.783136 2.031373674 0.41666237 0.66667354 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 76.0135694 1.50600637 1.12979936 0.77817813
15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.5985027 8.3749446 0 0.082654277 0 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 37.6044389 1.86140901 0.69081906 0.21147522
87.99841235 0.99906405 87.9984124 0.99988896

t burbuja t rocio
60.8270108 92.1265441
 c6 Fase pesada mas ligero de los pesados
c5 fase ligera mas pesado de los ligeros
Destilado ai x ai*x Fondos ai x ai*x alfa prom
17.9568981 0.55555556 9.976054473 14.76368472 0 0 1.65878713
1.54957552 0.16666667 0.258262586 1.775695807 0.00510204 0.00905967
1 0.27777778 0.277777778 1 0.68877551 0.68877551 nm
0.19837231 0 0 0.61145287 0.30612245 0.18717945 8.68319446

Distribucion xwW xdD

a Cet prom 16.2821983 3692303936 xc4w 3.25E-09 12 12
a Et prom 1.65878713 9 xc5w 0.4 3.6 4
a H2O prom 1 0.11111111 xc6w 54 6 60
a But prom 0.34827477 1.17E-05 xc7w 23.99971921 0.000280791 24
78.39971921 21.60028079 100
1 er iteracion
xwW xdD xw xd
3.25E-09 12 4.1454E-11 0.555548334 0.688777977 0.277774167
0.4 3.6 0.00510206 0.1666645 0.005102059 0.1666645
54 6 0.68877798 0.277774167 0.306119964 1.29994E-05
23.9997192 0.00028079 0.30611996 1.29994E-05 4.14543E-11 0.555548334
78.3997192 21.6002808

p 101.325 tburbuja Psat Gamma k y/k p 101.325 tburbuja presion Gamma k k*x
14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.19872296 118.23802 6.40548079 7.474674155 0.07432409 14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 300.857648 5.61934309 16.6851453 6.9167E-10
16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.19869755 48.713884 1.341172639 0.644793765 0.25847722 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 172.101178 1.18163772 2.00701943 0.01023993
16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.99772617 20.75495 2.031384925 0.416099608 0.66756652 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 76.0460022 1.50600089 1.1302773 0.77851011
15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.5985027 8.3615429 1.540902175 0.127158348 0.00010223 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 37.6226769 1.86142414 0.69115973 0.21157779
87.99841235 1.00047006 87.9984124 1.00032783

t Rocio t Burbuja
60.7974393 92.1379482
 Destilado ai x ai*x Fondos ai x ai*x alfa prom
17.9636655 0.55554833 9.979684408 14.76199276 4.1454E-11 6.1195E-10 1.6588039
1.54961397 0.1666645 0.258265638 1.775687646 0.00510206 0.00905966
1 0.27777417 0.277774167 1 0.68877798 0.68877798 nm
0.30559593 1.2999E-05 3.97257E-06 0.611495717 0.30611996 0.18719105 8.68302101

Distribucion xwW xdD

a Cet prom 16.2843329 3694720826 xc4w 3.24788E-09 12 12
a Et prom 1.6588039 9 xc5w 0.4 3.6 4
a H2O prom 1 0.11111111 xc6w 54 6 60
a But prom 0.43228533 7.6409E-05 xc7w 23.99816632 0.001833678 24
78.39816633 21.60183367 100

2 da iteracion
xwW xdD xw xd
3.2479E-09 12 4.1428E-11 0.555508397 0.68879162 0.277754199
0.4 3.6 0.00510216 0.166652519 0.00510216 0.166652519
54 6 0.68879162 0.277754199 0.30610622 8.48853E-05
23.9981663 0.00183368 0.30610622 8.48853E-05 4.1428E-11 0.555508397

p 405.3 tburbuja Psat Gamma k y/k p 405.3 tburbuja presion Gamma k k*x
14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.19872296 118.32906 6.405550822 7.480510995 0.07426076 14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 300.85751 5.61939736 16.6852987 6.9124E-10
16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.19869755 48.764529 1.341112927 0.645435379 0.25820171 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 172.101072 1.18166143 2.00705846 0.01024033
16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.99772617 20.777157 2.031447155 0.416557567 0.66678467 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 76.0459537 1.50597056 1.13025381 0.77850936
15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.5985027 8.3721014 1.540785682 0.127309291 0.00066676 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 37.6226496 1.86150786 0.69119031 0.21157765
87.99841235 0.9999139 87.9984124 1.00032734
t burbuja t rocio
60.8207405 92.1379311

c6 Fase pesada mas ligero de los pesados

c5 fase ligera mas pesado de los ligeros
Destilado ai x ai*x Fondos ai x ai*x alfa prom
17.9579285 4.1428E-11 7.43961E-10 14.76243524 4.1428E-11 6.1158E-10 1.65874983
1.54945062 0.00510216 0.007905545 1.775759071 0.00510216 0.00906021
1 0.68879162 0.68879162 1 0.68879162 0.68879162 nm
0.30562232 0.30610622 0.093552894 0.61153548 0.30610622 0.18719481 8.68358033

Distribucion xwW xdD

a Cet prom 16.2819764 3690080874 xc4w 3.25196E-09 12 12
a Et prom 1.65874983 8.99745288 xc5w 0.400101911 3.599898089 4
a H2O prom 1 0.11111111 xc6w 54 6 60
a But prom 0.43231805 7.6459E-05 xc7w 23.99816512 0.001834884 24
78.39826703 21.60173297 100

xwW xdD xw xd
3.2368E-09 12 4.1286E-11 0.555510987
0.39841793 3.60158207 0.00508197 0.166726534
53.9746511 6.02534885 0.6884674 0.278928957
23.9981565 0.0018435 0.3061057 8.53404E-05
1-q 0
teta 2.30322999

T A B C Psat K volatilidad alfa xf axf/(a-teta)

76.4793358 13.6608 2154.7 238.789 921.77814 2.274310745 7.170767485 0.8604921 0.17678181
13.7667 2451.88 232.014 336.56158 0.830401145 2.618205776 0.10472823 0.33249613
13.8193 2696.04 224.317 128.54665 0.317164202 1 0.6 -0.46039456
13.8622 2910.26 216.432 50.732433 0.125172546 0.394661647 0.0947188 -0.04962819
-0.00074481
alfa xd axd/(a-teta)
3.98344012 0.81836866 Rm 0.99022023
0.43652438 1.38589818
0.27892896 -0.21402896
3.3681E-05 -1.7647E-05
1.99022023

R R/(R+1) Rm/(Rm+1) Ubicando en la grafica ambos puntos

1.48533034 0.597639 0.497543043

Nm/N 0.65
N 13.35935436

log(Ne/Ns) Ne/Ns Ns Ne Ne/Ns solver

-0.35906073 0.43746093 9.2937918 4.0655626 0.437449283
Ns Ne Ne/Ns
9.293716518 4.0656378 0.437460927
 COLUMNA MULTICOMPONENTE 2
moles xd moles xw moles x
12 0.75738647 0 0 12 0.555510987 Acetona 0.55551099 0.93742208
3.24142386 0.20458422 0.36015821 0.06225924 3.601582072 0.166726534 Etanol 0.16672653 0.06225924
0.60253489 0.03802931 5.42281397 0.93742208 6.025348853 0.278928957 Agua 0.27892896 0.00031868
0 0 0.0018435 0.00031868 0.0018435 8.53404E-05 Butanol 8.534E-05 0
15.8439587 1 5.78481568 1 F 21.601733

p 101.325 tburbuja Psat Gamma k y/k p 101.325 tburbuja presion Gamma k k*x
14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 56.7293142 9.375197247 5.248936692 0.14429331 14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 266.537781 18.0593608 47.5055707 0
16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 18.0868797 1.606674362 0.286797197 0.71334106 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 146.095895 4.38697544 6.32537976 0.39381331
16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 7.48537834 3.636289199 0.268630648 0.14156729 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 64.2528776 1.01712379 0.64498525 0.60462342
15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 2.4644026 1.550172203 0.024321763 0 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 31.0501442 20.9760767 6.42793196 0.00204845
87.9984124 0.99920166 87.9984124 1.00048518
0.03802931 0.93742208
t burbuja 0.20458422 t rocio 0.06225924
40.1536985 0 87.6949608 0.00031868
0.75738647 0
c6 Fase pesada mas ligero de los pesados
c5 fase ligera mas pesado de los ligeros
Destilado ai x ai*x Fondos ai x ai*x alfa prom
19.5396048 0.75738647 14.7990323 73.65373213 0 0 3.23577327
1.06762649 0.20458422 0.21841953 9.807014628 0.06225924 0.61057724
1 0.03802931 0.03802931 1 0.93742208 0.93742208 nm
0.09053979 0 0 9.966013926 0.00031868 0.00317596 3.74228831
 Distribucion xwW xdD
a Cet prom 37.9363258 90164.9115 xc4w 0.000133088 11.99986691 12
a Et prom 3.23577327 9 xc5w 0.360158207 3.241423864 3.60158207
a H2O prom 1 0.11111111 xc6w 5.422813968 0.602534885 6.02534885
a But prom 0.94990569 0.09167089 xc7w 0.001688696 0.000154804 0.0018435
5.784793959 15.84398046 21.6287744
1 er iteracion
xwW xdD xw xd
0.00013309 11.9998669 2.3007E-05 0.75737703 0.937425603 0.038029262
0.36015821 3.24142386 0.06225947 0.20458393 0.06225947 0.204583935
5.42281397 0.60253489 0.9374256 0.03802926 0.00029192 9.77054E-06
0.0016887 0.0001548 0.00029192 9.7705E-06 2.30065E-05 0.757377033
5.78479396 15.8439805

p 101.325 tburbuja Psat Gamma k y/k p 101.325 tburbuja presion Gamma k k*x
14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 56.7082998 9.375182166 5.246983872 0.14434522 14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 266.249436 18.0621886 47.461609 0.00109193
16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 18.0778483 1.606656656 0.28665083 0.71370432 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 145.882198 4.38770174 6.31717318 0.39330386
16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 7.48153029 3.636250185 0.268489671 0.14164143 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 64.1562002 1.01711251 0.64400764 0.60370925
15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 2.46286211 1.550154433 0.03767892 0.00025931 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 30.9967878 20.9818186 6.41864278 0.00187373
87.9984124 0.99995028 87.9984124 0.99997876

t Rocio t Burbuja
40.1440286 87.6558117
 Destilado ai x ai*x Fondos ai x ai*x alfa prom
19.5425912 0.75737703 14.8011097 73.69727653 2.3007E-05 0.00169552 3.23615037
1.06764193 0.20458393 0.21842239 9.809158781 0.06225947 0.61071303
1 0.03802926 0.03802926 1 0.9374256 0.9374256 nm
0.14033657 9.7705E-06 1.3712E-06 9.966718404 0.00029192 0.00290948 3.74191697

Distribucion xwW xdD

a Cet prom 37.950438 90168.6574 xc4w 0.000133082 11.99986691 12
a Et prom 3.23615037 9 xc5w 0.360158207 3.241423864 3.60158207
a H2O prom 1 0.11111111 xc6w 5.422813968 0.602534885 6.02534885
a But prom 1.18266441 0.20816096 xc7w 0.001525873 0.000317627 0.0018435
5.78463113 15.84414329 21.6287744

2 da iteracion
xwW xdD xw xd
0.00013308 11.9998669 2.3006E-05 0.75736925 0.937451991 0.038028871
0.36015821 3.24142386 0.06226122 0.20458183 0.062261223 0.204581832
5.42281397 0.60253489 0.93745199 0.03802887 0.000263781 2.0047E-05
0.00152587 0.00031763 0.00026378 2.0047E-05 2.30062E-05 0.75736925

p 405.3 tburbuja Psat Gamma k y/k p 405.3 tburbuja presion Gamma k k*x
14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 56.7183657 9.375180002 5.247914021 0.14431815 14.3145 2756.22 228.06 56.198723 266.356488 18.0680432 47.4960822 0.00109271
16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 18.0821742 1.606642402 0.28671688 0.71353257 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 78.1986976 145.961526 4.38916764 6.32272003 0.39366028
16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 7.48337345 3.636226286 0.268554051 0.14160602 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.9977262 64.1920881 1.01708977 0.64435348 0.60405045
15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 2.46359996 1.550139377 0.037689843 0.00053189 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 117.598503 31.0165933 20.9938933 6.42644017 0.00169517
87.9984124 0.99998864 87.9984124 1.0004986

t burbuja t rocio
40.1486608 87.6703501
Destilado ai x ai*x Fondos ai x ai*x alfa prom
19.5413698 2.3006E-05 0.00044957 73.71122225 2.3006E-05 0.00169582 3.23668672
1.06763193 0.06226122 0.06647207 9.81250242 0.06226122 0.6109384
1 0.93745199 0.93745199 1 0.93745199 0.93745199 nm
0.1403436 0.00026378 3.702E-05 9.973470175 0.00026378 0.00263081 3.741389

Distribucion xwW xdD

a Cet prom 37.9528425 90190.0363 xc4w 0.000133051 11.99986695 12
a Et prom 3.23668672 9.00558283 xc5w 0.359957249 3.241624822 3.60158207
a H2O prom 1 0.11111111 xc6w 5.422813968 0.602534885 6.02534885
a But prom 1.18309455 0.2084444 xc7w 0.001525515 0.000317985 0.0018435
5.784429783 15.84434464 21.6287744

xwW xdD xw xd
0.00013305 11.9998669 2.3002E-05 0.75735963
0.35995725 3.24162482 0.06222865 0.20459192
5.42281397 0.60253489 0.93748462 0.03802839
0.00152552 0.00031799 0.00026373 2.0069E-05
15.8443446 1-q 0
teta 1.2861231
T A B C Psat K volatilidad alfa xf axf/(a-teta)
63.9095055 13.6608 2154.7 238.789 694.016643 1.712352931 7.981204313 4.43364668 0.66222448
13.7667 2451.88 232.014 240.129993 0.592474694 2.761499394 0.46041522 0.3120663
13.8193 2696.04 224.317 86.956381 0.214548189 1 0.27892896 -0.97485649
13.8622 2910.26 216.432 32.4946595 0.080174339 0.373689189 3.1891E-05 -3.4951E-05
-0.00060066

alfa xd axd/(a-teta)
6.04464192 0.90284818 Rm 0.152870677
0.56498045 0.3829399
0.03802839 -0.13290919
7.4997E-06 -8.2194E-06
1.15287068

R R/(R+1) Rm/(Rm+1) Ubicando en la grafica ambos puntos

0.22930602 0.1865329 0.13260002

Nm/N 0.39
N 9.59330513

log(Ne/Ns) Ne/Ns Ns Ne Ne/Ns solver

0.04400985 1.10664889 4.55395277 5.03935236 1.106588631
Ns Ne Ne/Ns
4.55382251 5.03948263 1.106648891
COLUMNA ACETONA-ETANOL
Mc Cabe Thiele
Acetona-Etanol Se desea obtener en el destilado 95% en acetona y 5% en los fondos
x y
0 0
0.033 0.111 Título del gráfico
0.078 0.216 1
0.149 0.345 0.95
0.9
0.195 0.41 0.85
0.316 0.534 0.8
0.75
0.414 0.614 0.7
0.532 0.697 0.65
0.6
0.691 0.796 0.55
0.852 0.896 0.5
1 1 0.45
0.4
0.35
Linea Auxiliar 0.3
0.25
0 0 0.2
1 1 0.15
0.1
0.05
0
F1 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
15.8443446
x Platos 13.8
Acetona 0.78731578
Etanol 0.21268422
 CONCLUSIÓN
EN LA COLUMNA DEL SISTEMA DE ACETONA-ETANOL, LA MÁXIMA
COMPOSICIÓN QUE SE ALCANZÓ EN EL DESTILADO FUE 95% Y 5% EN LOS
FONDOS, OBTENIENDO PARA ESTE MODELADO UN TOTAL DE 13.8 PLATOS DE
SEPARACIÓN.
LA DESTILACIÓN MULTICOMPONENTE FUE UN PROCEDIMIENTO COMPLICADO
PORQUE AL SER UNA MEZCLA NO IDEAL SE TUVO QUE CONSEGUIR UNA
MANERA DE CALCULAR LOS COEFICIENTES DE ACTIVIDAD. EL MÉTODO
EMPLEADO FUE EL MÉTODO UNIFAC, QUE TOMA EN CUENTA EL TAMAÑO,
FORMA E INTERACCIONES MOLECULARES.