Middle ages

High and late middle ages

PRESENTED BY GROUP 1 BTLED - ICT

OBJECTIVES
What is the Middle Ages?
• Also called as Dark Ages or Medieval Ages
• Divided into three period: Early Middle Age, High
Middle Age, and Late Middle Age
• Barbaric Europe
• Charlemagne (Charles the Great) tried to establish
Scholastic Tradition
• Golden Age for Islam and the Byzantine Empire
Early Middle Ages (400s AD - 900s AD)
The epithet is originated with those who wanted to
compare the earlier period unfavorably with their own
so called “Enlightened” age.

• THE FALL OF ROMAN EMPIRE

From the middle of the second century CE, the roman
empire faced increasing Germanic Tribe infiltration, and
internal political chaos.
Reasons why legendary empires finally
came crashing down.
• Invasions of barbarian tribes
• Economic troubles and overreliance on slave labor
• The Rise of the Eastern Empire
• Over expansion and military overspending
• Government corruption and political instability
• The arrival of Huns and the Migration of the barbarian tribes
• Christianity and the loss of traditional values
• Weakening of Roman Religions
SCIENCE IN MIDDLE AGES
Science in the middle ages was quite the tricky subject.
Many scientific beliefs go against what the catholic church
believes and teaches, and this led to great bit of debate
during the middle ages.
• Gods Role in Science
• Roman Empire
• Europe's Lack of knowledge
• Middle East
• Charlemagne
High Middle Ages (11th to 13th Century)

• Western Europe began to crawl out of the endless

wars, the populations grew and Christianity
brought unity.
• A time of tremendous growth in Europe.
• Aristotle's works, from Greek were translated to
Arabic then to Latin and became the foundation
for Catholic Scholastic Philosophy
ST. THOMAS AQUINAS
• His teachings on the usage
of the Mathematical models
in the Physical Sciences
gave rise to Mathematical
Physics, “Scientia Media”
or “Mixed Science”
• Foundation of Universities
LATE MIDDLE AGES
The Great Famine (1315-1317)
• Started during 1315 where
Northern Europe faced a serious
of crisis. Heavy rain and
extremely cold which result to
loss of crops and inflation. Also,
during this period feudal system
weakened and the Church itself
because no amount of prayers
saved them during this period.
Hundred Years of War
• In 1337, the Kingdom of England
and Kingdom of France along
with their various allies got
engaged in to war to gain control
over the French throne. This war
was basically a conflict between
the two dynasties, it gave rise to
the British and French
nationalism.
Joan of Arc
• Worked hard to unite France as a
nation and strengthened France
against England
• Became one of the generals of the
French army
• She was captured and sentence to
death
• She was burnt at the stake on May
30, 1431
The Black Death

• Mid-14th century, Europeans

faced an epidemic plague which
is termed as the Black Death.
This plague was characteristically
transmitted by fleas carried by
rodents which is the cause of
greatest harm as it affects big
cities and towns where population
became dense and sanitation
wasn't proper.
Peasant's Revolt/ Tyler's Rebellion
• After the incident of Black death,
mass death created a shorted of
workers that leads them to build a
guild and ask for lower rents or
raises of wages, but landlords
refuses this demand. In 1381, the
peasants protested against taxes,
and King Richard II agreed to the
demands, but he didn’t stand to his
words and ordered execution to the
rebels.
The Great Schism
• In the Late Middle Ages During the
period between 1378 and 1417, the
Western Church; based in Rome,
faced three strong popes to
pontificate. This great Schiff
significantly reduced the power of
the Church and people started
asking Church reform which gave
rise to the Protestant Revolution.
THE GOLDEN OF ISLAM
POPULAR SCIENTISTs and
inventors OF THE
MIDDLE AGES
• ROGER BACON

• ALHAZEN

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AL ZAHRAWI

ABBAS IBN FIRNAS

Johannes de Sacrobosco
• 1195-1256
• John of Holywood or Johannes de
Sacrobosco was educated at Oxford.
• Works:
Algorismus, Tractatus de Sphaera

William of Ockham
• 1285- 1347 or 1349
• English Philosopher
• Founder of a form of Nominalism
• Ockam’s Razor
Robert Grosseteste
(c. 1168- 1253)
- Commentator and translator of Aristotle
and Greek patristic thinkers, Theologian
and student of nature
- Founded the Oxford Franciscan school
- Began to promote the dualistic scientific
method

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 Discovered
technologies
during the middle
ages
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 The Heavy Plough
The heavy plough was first used in the
fifth century. This heavy plough is still
considered as one of the main reason of
significant population growth of Europe
around 600 A.D.

2) Tidal Mills
The Tidal mills were first used during the
seventh century in the medieval Europe. A
tidal mill is a special type of water mill which
is driven by the rise and fall of tides
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Blast Furnace
The blast furnaces came in use during the
twelfth century in the Medieval Europe. They
also used phosphate-rich slag, the residual of
their furnaces, as an agricultural fertilizer.

The Mechanical Clock

The mechanical clock was developed during the 13th
century. The first mechanical clocks with proper
references were large, weight-driven machines which
were used to be fitted into towers. These clocks are now
termed as the turret clocks.
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Spinning Wheel
During the European Middle Ages, the Indian
spinning wheel reached to Europe. It was
improved and advanced by Europeans as it
replaced the older methods of hand spinning.

Gunpowder Weapons
Gunpowder had long been known to Chinese.
However, it became a serious battle material during
the fourteenth century as the people of European
medieval period succeeded in developing and
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advancing it as corned gunpowder.
Long Bow
Long bow was a significant war technology which was
used by English against the French during the 13th
century. The longbow had significantly higher rate of fire
and penetration power.

8) The Printing Press

The printing press was actually advanced and mechanized
by the Europeans during the Middle Ages. The printing
press changed the society. Printing press at that time was
similarly great technological advancement as the internet
is in current times.
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MEDIEVAL GLASSES

MAGNETIC COMPASS

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CAMERA

RUDIMENTARY HANG GLIDER

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TOOTHBRUSH

STIRRUPS

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 REFERENCES:
• www.thoughtco.com
• www.history-com.cdn.ampproject.org
• www.finertimes.com “Middle Ages” Simon Newman
• www.ipfs.io
• www.thefinertimes.com › Middle-Ages › technology-in-the-middle-ages
• https://alchetron.com/Robert-Grosseteste

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