Direct and Indirect Speech

 1. Change of pronouns

 Direct Speech
 John said, “I am coming.”

Indirect Speech
 John said that he was coming.
Direct and Indirect Speech

2. Change of tenses

 Direct Speech
 John said, “I am coming.”

Indirect Speech
 John said that he was coming.
Direct and Indirect Speech
Changes of Tense
3. Change of situations
Direct Speech
John said, “I did this exercise last
night.”

Indirect Speech
John said that he had done that
exercise the previous night.
•'this' becomes 'that'
•'last night' becomes 'the previous night'
 •other examples are as follows :
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
this that
here there
now then
today that day
yesterday the day before / the previous
day
tomorrow the next day

last week the week before / the

previous week
next month the following month

ago before
 Changing the different kind of sentences

1.Statements.
2.Imperative Sentences.
3.Yes/No Questions.
4.‘Wh’ questions.
reporting verb - present or the
future tense – tense not changed
in the reported speech.
Satish says, “I am flying a kite.”
Satish says that he is flying a kite.
Satish will say, “I want a glass of
milk.”
Satish will say that he wants a glass
of milk.
 Changing the different kind of sentences

1.Statements.
 said to told
 Add conjunction ‘that’
 Change the tense,
pronouns and time.
Example:
My friend told me that he had seen
a movie the day before.
David said to me, “I am reading a
book now.”
David told me that he was reading
a book then.
 Changing the different kind of sentences

2. Imperatives – requests
or commands.
 said to requested or ordered,
commanded etc.
 no conjunction
Base form infinitive
drink to drink
Don’t drink not to drink
My friend requested me to give him
my pen.
My mother said to me, “Eat this cake.”
My mother ordered me to eat that cake.
My father said to me, “Don’t watch T.V.”
My father commanded me not to watch T.V.
 Changing the different kind of sentences

3.yes/no questions.
 said to asked, questioned

 Add conjunction ‘if / whether’

 Change the place of subject and verb
 Change the tense, pronouns and time.
 Did you buy me a watch?

My friend asked me if I had bought

him a watch.
My mother said to me, “Will you study tomorrow?”

My mother questioned me if I would study the

next day.
 Changing the different kind of sentences

3. ‘Wh’ questions.
 said to asked, questioned

 No conjunction
 Change the place of subject and verb
 Change the tense, pronouns and time.
My friend asked me what I
had studied the day before.
My mother said to me, “Why are you sleeping now?”

My mother questioned me why I was sleeping

then.
 Direct Speech

The Lady: I’m so cold! Where

are the taxis?
Bystander: You won’t get a taxi,
not in this rain.
The Lady: But I must have a taxi.
Bystander: Sorry, none are free.
Indirect Speech
She was so cold
The lady said that (a) ___________________
and asked the bystander (b)
____________________.
Where the taxis were The bystander
She wouldn’t get a taxi
replied that (c) _______________ in the rain.
The lady insisted that (d)
______________________.
She must have a taxi The bystander
said apologetically that (e) ______________.
none were free
 Direct Speech

Shilpa: Can I borrow your English

textbook?
Rahu: Sure you can. But when will you
return it?
Shilpa: I will return it to you after two
days from today.
Rahu: Please do as I have to prepare for
the exams.
Indirect Speech
Shilpa asked Rahu if(a) she could borrow his English textbook
___________________.
Rahu replied that
(b) ______________________and
definitely she could asked her
(c)_____________________.
When she would return that Shilpa said she

She would return that to him after two days from that day.
(d) ________________________________.
Rahu urged her
(e)_________________________
to return that in two days since he (f)
_____________________.
had to prepare for the exams.
 Direct Speech
Amanda: Tom?
Tom: Mother, give me a minute.
Amanda: We can't say grace until you come to
the table!
Tom: Coming, Mother.

Indirect Speech: Amanda called Tom. Tom

responded (a) ___________ a minute. Amanda
said to Tom (b) ___________. Tom replied by
saying that (c) ___________.