Cognitive Social

Learning Theory
Overview of Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Cognitive factors help shape how people will react to

environmental forces. This theory objects to Skinner’s

explanation that behavior is shaped by immediate reinforcement

and instead suggest that one’s expectations of future events are

prime determinants of performance.

 Julian B. Rotter
Born in Brooklyn, third and oldest son recalled that he
fits in Adler’s description of a highly competitive, “fighting
youngest child”.
family was comfortably a middle class NOT UNTIL the
greatest depression.

👦as an elementary to high school he became an avid

reader

He took major in chemistry despite of becoming

seriously interested in psychology.

When he graduated he had more credits in

Psychology rather than in chemistry.

He became a clinical psychologist in Norwich and soon took a job

at Ohio State University. He soon reigned together with George Kelly
as the two most dominant members of Psychology in Ohio State- soon
he resigned. He took a position in Connecticut and become the director
of clinical psychology and retired as professor emeritus.
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FIRST, HUMANS INTERACT WITH THEIR MEANINGFUL ENVIRONMENT
-people’s reaction to environmental stimuli depends on the meaning or
importance that they attach to an event .
SECOND, HUMANS PERSONALITY IS LEARNED
It follows that personality is not a set or determined at any particular age of
development, instead it can be changed and modified as long as people are
capable of learning.
THIRD, PERSONALITY HAS A BASIC UNITY
Peoples personality possess relative stability
-what we learn and what we evaluate makes our personality
FOURTH MOTIVATION IS GOAL DIRECTED
He rejects the notion that people are primarily motivated to reduce tension
or seek pleasure
-explanation for human behavior lies in people’s expectation that their
behavior are advancing towards goal
Empirical law of effect-reinforcement as any action, condition or
event which affects individuals movement towards goal.
FIFTH PEOPLE ARE CAPABLE OF ANTICIPATING EVENTS
People use their perceived movement in the direction of anticipated events
as a criterion for evaluating reinforces.
 Predicting Specific Behaviors
-Rotter’s primary concern is the prediction of
Human Behavior he suggested four variables that
must be analyzed in order to make accurate
predictions in any specific situations.

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 NAIL SALON

👩
Behavior Potential (BP)
- possibility that a particular response will occur at given
time and place
Expectancy (E) – person’s expectation that some specific reinforcement or set
of reinforcements will occur in a given situation.

Generalize Expectation (GE’s) - learned through previous experience with a

particular response or similar and are based on the belief that a certain
behaviors will be followed by positive reinforcement
e.g. recital
Specific Expectancy (E Prime)
 Reinforcement Value (RV) preference of a person attaches to any
reinforcement when the possibilities for the occurrence of a number of
different reinforcement are equal.
Ex. Your preference

Contributor of reinforcement value

Internal reinforcement-Individuals perception contributes to the positive or
negative value of an event
External reinforcement-refers to events, conditions or actions on which the
society or culture place’s value .
 Desire alone, however is not
sufficient to predict behavior. The
potential for any behavior is a
function of both expectancy and
reinforcement value as well as the
psychological situation.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL SITUATION-part of the external and internal
world to which a person responding
 Basic Prediction Formula

BP=f(E & RV)

Behavior potential is a function of

expectancy and reinforcement value

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Thank You!