OSPF Protocol Packet

and LSA

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 Foreword

This section introduces OSPF packets and LSA.

This topic include OSPF protocol packet header, packet types
and LSA types.

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 Objectives

Upon completion of this section, you will be able to :

 Understand OSPF packet header and packet types

 Understand LSA types

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OSPF Protocol Runs Directly over IP

Link Layer OSPF Protocol Frame

IP Packet Header
Header Packet Checksum

IP protocol is 89

OSPF Protocol Header OSPF Packet Types

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OSPF Protocol Packet Header

8 16 32Bits

Version # Type Packet Length

Router ID
Area ID
Checksum AuType
Authentication
Authentication

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Configuring OSPF Authentication
Area 1
Loopback0 E0/0 E0/0 Loopback0
1.1.1.1/32 .1 10.1.1.1/30 .2 2.2.2.2/32
RTA RTB

Configuring password as plain text "huawei"

[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
[RTA]ospf
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple plain huawei
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTA]

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Configuring OSPF Authentication

Area 1
Loopback0 E0/0 E0/0 Loopback0
1.1.1.1/32 .1 10.1.1.1/30 .2 2.2.2.2/32
RTA RTB

Configuring password as plain text "huawei"

[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
[RTB]ospf
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple plain huawei
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]

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OSPF Protocol Packet Type

Type Packet name Packet function

Discover /maintain neighbor

1 Hello
relationships
2 Database Description Summarize database contents

3 Link State Request Database download

4 Link State Update Database update

5 Link State Ack Flooding acknowledgment

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LSA Header

16 24 32Bits
LS age Options LS type

Link State ID

Advertising Router

LS sequence number

LS checksum Length

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LSA Type－Intra-Area Route Calculation

LS Type LSA Name LSA Description

Generated by each router. Describing the
collected states of the router’s interfaces,
1 Router-LSA
flooded only within the area where this
LSA is generated.
Generated by DR, available in broadcast
and NBMA network. Describing the set of
2
Network-LSA routers attached to the network. flooded
only within the area where this LSA is
generated.

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LSA Type－Intra-Area Route Calculation

Area 1

Router-LSA Network-LSA

DR

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LSA Type－Inter-Area Route Calculation

LS Type LSA Name LSA Description

Generated by ABR. Describing routes to

networks that are outside the area but
3 Network-Summary-LSA
inside the AS, flooded within the area
where this LSA is generated

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LSA Type－Inter-Area Route Calculation

Area 1
Area 0
N1

ABR

Router-LSA Network-Summary-LSA

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 LSA Type－ AS External Route Calculation

LS Type LSA Name LSA Description

Generated by ABR. Describing routes to

4 ASBR-Summary-LSA ASBRs, flooded within the area where this
LSA is generated.

Generated by ASBR. Describing routes to

5 AS-external-LSA destinations external to the As, flooded
within the whole AS.

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LSA Type－ AS External Route Calculation

Area 1
Area 0

ABR ASBR
Connected to
another AS by
ASBR-Summary-LSA BGP
AS-external-LSA

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Link State ID

LSA Name Link State ID

Router-LSA The originating router’s Router ID

Network-LSA The IP interface address of the network’s DR

Network-Summary-LSA The destination network’s IP address

ASBR-Summary-LSA The Router ID of the described ASBR

AS-External-LSA The destination network’s IP address

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LS Sequence Number
[RTD]display ospf lsdb router self-originate

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4

Link State Database

Area: 0.0.0.2

Type : Router
Ls id : 4.4.4.4
Adv rtr : 4.4.4.4
Ls age : 1125 The larger the sequence number
Len : 48
Options : (DC) the more recent the LSA instance
Seq# : 80000008
Chksum : 0x7b52
Link count: 2
Link ID: 4.4.4.4
Data : 255.255.255.255
Type : StubNet
Metric : 1
Link ID: 10.1.3.1
Data : 10.1.3.2
Type : TransNet
Metric : 1

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LS Age
[RTD]display ospf lsdb router self-originate

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4

Link State Database

Area: 0.0.0.2

Type : Router
Ls id : 4.4.4.4
Adv rtr : 4.4.4.4
Ls age : 1125
Len : 48 The smaller the LS age
Options : (DC)
Seq# : 80000008 the more recent the LSA
Chksum : 0x7b52
Link count: 2
Link ID: 4.4.4.4
Data : 255.255.255.255
Type : StubNet
Metric : 1
Link ID: 10.1.3.1
Data : 10.1.3.2
Type : TransNet
Metric : 1

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Summary

 What information are included in OSPF message

header?
 How to configure OSPF packet authentication？

 What are LSA types of OSPF?

 How to detect whether a LSA is more recent or

not?

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Thank You
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