RADIATION

Samarita, Carla Jean

BEED – Gend Ed
Definition
Radiation
- is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space
or through a material medium.

Types of radiation

Electromagnetic radiation
Particle radiation
Acoustic radiation
Gravitational radiation
Types of radiation

Electromagnetic radiation
- refers to the waves of the electromagnetic field, propagating through space,
carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.

Examples:

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible Light
Ultra Violet
X-rays
Gamma Radiation
Types of radiation
Particle radiation
- is the radiation of energy by means of fast-moving subatomic particles.

Examples:

Alpha radiation
Beta radiation
Neutron Radiation
Types of radiation

Acoustic radiation
- is the branch of physics that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases,
liquids, and solids

Examples:

Ultrasound
Sound
Seismic Wave
Types of radiation

Gravitational radiation
- are disturbances in the curvature (fabric) of spacetime, generated by accelerated
masses, that propagate as waves outward from their source at the speed of light.
Categories of radiation
Ionizing radiation
- Radiation with sufficiently high energy can ionize atoms; that is to say it can
knock electrons off atoms, creating ions. Ionization occurs when an electron is stripped (or
"knocked out") from an electron shell of the atom, which leaves the atom with a net
positive charge.
Ultraviolet - of wavelengths from 10 nm to 125 nm, ionizes air molecules, causing it
to be strongly absorbed by air and by ozone (O3) in particular.
X-rays - specifically designed to take advantage of the absorption difference
between bone and soft tissue, allowing physicians to examine structure in the
human body.
Gamma - radiation emission is a nuclear process that occurs to rid an
unstable nucleus of excess energy after most nuclear reactions.
Categories of radiation
Ionizing radiation

Alpha particles - consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a
particle identical to a helium-4nucleus.

Beta-minus (β−) radiation - consists of an energetic electron. It is more

penetrating than alpha radiation, but less than gamma. Beta radiation
from radioactive decay can be stopped with a few centimeters of plastic or a
few millimeters of metal.

Neutrons - are categorized according to their speed/energy.

- consists of free neutrons.
Categories of radiation
Cosmic Radiation
- are high-energy radiation, mainly originating outside the Solar System and even
from distant galaxies

Non-Ionizing Radiation
- The kinetic energy of particles of non-ionizing radiation is too small to produce
charged ions when passing through matter.
Visible light - is a very narrow range of electromagnetic radiation of a
wavelength that is visible to the human eye, or 380–750 nm which equates to a
frequency range of 790 to 400 THz respectively
Infrared - may be detected at a distance from the radiating objects by "feel.
Categories of radiation
Non-Ionizing Radiation
Microwaves - travel by line-of-sight; unlike lower frequency radio waves they do
not diffract around hills, follow the earth's surface as ground waves, or reflect from
the ionosphere, so terrestrial microwave communication links are limited by the
visual horizon to about 40 miles (64 km).
Radio waves - are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the
electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light.
Thank You!