CONCEPT OF HEALTH

Definition of health
• The World Health Organization (WHO) defines
health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being, not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity” (WHO,1947).
Concept Of Health

• An understanding of health is the basis of all the

health care.
• Health is not perceived the same way by all the
members of a community including various
professional groups (like biomedical
scientists, social scientists, health administrators,
ecologists) giving rise to confusion about the
concept ofhealth.
• The various changing
concepts of health as
follows:
1.Biomedical concept
2.Ecological concept
3.Psychosocial concept
4.Holistic concept
1. Biomedical concept
• Traditionally health has been considered
as an absence of the diseases and if
someone was free from disease, then
that person was considered healthy.
• This concept is known as biomedical
concept, and it is based on the “germ
theory of the
disease.”
2. Ecological Concept
• Deficiencies in the biomedical concept gaverise to
other concepts.
• The ecologists put forward theconcept of
ecological concept.
• Ecologists viewed health as a dynamic equilibrium
between man and his environment, and the disease
as a maladjustment of the human organism to
environment
3. Psychosocial Concept
•Advances in social sciences showed that health is not
only a biomedical phenomenon, but one which is
influenced by social, psychological, cultural, economic
and political factors of the people concerned.
•These factors must be taken into consideration in
defining and measuring health.
•Thus health is both a biological and social
phenomenon
4. Holistic Concept
• The holistic model is a synthesis of all the above
concepts.
•Holistic concept recognizes the strength of social,
economic, political and environmental influences
on health.
•It has been variously described as multidimensional
process involving thewellbeing of the person asa
whole.
•The emphasis is on the promotion and
protection of health.
• The holistic approach implies that
all sectors of the society have an
effect on health, in particular,
agriculture, animal husbandry, food,
industry, education, housing, public
works and other sectors
Morbidity
• Morbidity refers to the state of being diseased or
unhealthy within a population.

• refers to an incidence of ill health in a population

Mortality

• Mortality is the term used for the number of

people who died within a population

• refers to the incidence of death or the number

of deaths in a population
DOH Vision & Mission
• VISION
Filipinos are among the healthiest people in
Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by 2040

• MISSION
To lead the country in the development of a
productive, resilient, equitable and people-
centered health system
KILLER DISEASES
IN THE
PHILIPPINES
1.CORONARY HEART 6.TUBERCULOSIS
DISEASE 7.LUNG DISEASE
2.HYPERTENSION 8.DM
3.STROKE 9.KIDNEY DISEASE
4.INFLUENZA & 10.ASTHMA
PNEUMONIA
5.BREAST CANCER
CORONARY HEART DISEASE

• Coronary heart disease has been labeled the

“silent epidemic” by some in the medical field,
and is responsible for a total of 87,881 deaths in
the Philippines each year, which equates to
nearly 17% of all deaths annually. Those who
have coronary heart disease have a strong build-
up of plaque inside the coronary arteries,
preventing blood from reaching the coronary
arteries. Coronary heart disease gets worse over
time, and can cause angina, heart attacks, heart
failure, and arrhythmias.
• One of the best ways to prevent coronary heart
disease is to live a healthy lifestyle. For instance,
make time to exercise, quit smoking, eat healthy,
and maintain a healthy weight. In addition, make
sure to manage any other health problems you
have such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and
high cholesterol. You can also reduce your risk by
reducing stress and taking aspirin.
HYPERTENSION
• According to recent research by the WHO, more
than 14 million Filipinos suffer from
hypertension. The Philippines comes in at
number 11 in terms of the highest amount of
fatalities as a result of hypertension, providing
the dire need for Filipinos to make active
lifestyle changes to reduce their risk of
hypertension-related death.
• Hypertension is a primary risk
factor for cardiovascular disease,
including stroke, heart attack,
heart failure, and aneurysm.
Keeping blood pressure under
control is vital for preserving
health and reducing the risk of
these dangerous conditions.
 Classification of Blood
Pressure
Normal - >120/>80
Prehypertension - 120-139/
80-89
H. Stage 1 - 150-159/ 90-99
H. Stage 2 - 160/100
STROKE

• Stroke is the second largest cause of death for

Filipinos. According to recent WHO data,
strokes in the Philippines account for 63,261
deaths, or 12.14% of deaths each year. Strokes
are sometimes referred to as “brain attacks,” and
occur when the flow of blood to the brain is cut
off. When a stroke occurs, brain cells are
deprived of oxygen and begin to die. If a stroke is
not caught early enough, it could lead to
permanent brain damage.
Causes of Stroke :
1.Thrombi – occurs the atherosclerotic blood
vessels .
2. Emboli – caused by a moving blood clot usually
from a thrombus in the left heart that becomes
lodged in a small artery which it cannot pass.
3. Intracerebral hemorrhage
- The rupture of intracerebral blood vessels.
- It usually occurs suddenly, usually when the
person is active .
INFLUENZA & PNEUMONIA
• World Health Rankings provides that Influenza
and Pneumonia deaths in the Philippines
account for nearly 10 percent of deaths in the
Philippines annually. Influenza and Pneumonia
are not the same thing. Influenza is a very
contagious virus that produces flu-like
symptoms, while pneumonia is an infection that
causes your lungs to fill up with fluid and puss.
Both can be deadly if left untreated.
• The best ways to avoid becoming ill with
influenza and pneumonia include
avoiding close contact with those that are
sick, staying home when you’re sick,
washing your hands frequently, and
avoid touching your eyes, and nose.
Avoiding pneumonia specifically requires
catching your symptoms early since
pneumonia often follows other
respiratory infections.
 BREAST CANCER
• Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among
Filipino women, and unknown to many is the fact that
the Philippines has the highest number of breast
cancer incidents among 197 countries in the world. In
addition, the Philippines saw a 589% increase in
breast cancer over a 30-year period.
• Breast cancer is a very deadly disease, and the
ninth highest cause of death in the Philippines.
Sadly, one out of four women die within the first five
years of diagnosis, and two out of every five Filipino
women die after 10 years of diagnosis
WARNING SIGNS FOR CANCER
C- Change in bowel habits
A- A sore that does not heal
U- Unusual bleeding or discharge
T- Thickening or lump in the breast or
elsewhere
I – Indigestion and difficulty in swallowing
O- Obvious change in wart or mole
N- Nagging cough or hoarseness of voice
U- Unexplained anemia
S- Sudden weight loss
• There are things you can do to reduce
your risk of breast cancer including
reducing your alcohol intake, avoid
smoking, controlling your weight,
maintaining a physical lifestyle,
breast-feeding your children,
reducing hormone therapy, and
avoiding exposure to radiation and
pollution.
TUBERCULOSIS
• Tuberculosis, often referred to as TB, is
responsible for 5% of deaths in the Philippines
each year. TB is an extremely contagious
infection that attacks the lungs, but has the
ability to spread to other parts of the body such
as your brain and spine
• Tuberculosis, often referred to as
TB, is responsible for 5% of
deaths in the Philippines each
year. TB is an extremely
contagious infection that attacks
the lungs, but has the ability to
spread to other parts of the body
such as your brain and spine
 LUNG DISEASES
• Pollution, chemical inhalation, and smoking are
elements that can increase your chances of
suffering from lung disease. According to the
Philippine Council For Health Research and
Development, lung disease and lung cancer is
the top cause of cancer-related deaths among
males and the third highest cause of cancer-
related deaths in females. In fact, according to
the World Health Rankings, lung disease
accounted for over 16,000 deaths in the
Philippines in 2014.
• The best way to avoid lung disease
and lung cancer is to not start
smoking, or stop smoking if you
currently do. Secondly, avoid second-
hand smoke, and stay away from
hookahs and vape pens. Lung disease
is preventable, but it all starts with
taking proactive steps to take care of
yourself and protect your lungs.
 DIABETES MILLITUS
• Diabetes Mellitus is the fourth most deadly
disease in the Philippines, accounting for over
57,000 deaths annually. Health professionals
predicted that the total number of people
worldwide with diabetes would reach 320
million by 2025, but that number has already
reached over 400 million. According to the
International Diabetes Federation, there were
over 3.5 million cases of diabetes in the
Philippines in 2015
 KIDNEY DISEASE

• According to the US National Kidney

Foundation, kidney disease is responsible for 10
percent of deaths worldwide. Kidney disease is
quickly becoming an epidemic in the
Philippines. In 2013, there were only around
10,000 Filipinos with kidney disease, but in
2016 this number increased to 14,000. In
addition, the Philippine Renal Disease Registry
suggests there are over 28,000 Filipinos
undergoing dialysis.
• In addition, the Philippine Renal
Disease Registry suggests there
are over 28,000 Filipinos
undergoing dialysis. On average,
kidney disease kills nearly 16,000
people in the Philippines each
year.
 ASTHMA

• More than likely you know someone with

asthma. On the surface asthma may seem
harmless, but this medical ailment can prove to
be deadly if you do not have an inhaler handy at
all times. More than 10 million Filipinos suffer
from asthma, and sparingly, asthma accounts for
over 2% of deaths nationwide.
• There is not much you can do to prevent yourself
from getting asthma, but there are things you
can do to prevent yourself from having an attack
such as using allergy-proof bedding, limiting
pets’ exposure to your furniture, , reducing your
stress, paying attention to air quality, limiting
outdoor exercise, managing seasonal allergies,
and above all keeping an inhaler handy should
you have an attack.