PRESENT PERFECT

* has cleaned / have gone is the Present Perfect (have / has + Past Participle)

I CLEANED
WE HAVE (‘VE) FINISHED
YOU HAVE NOT (HAVEN’T) STARTED
THEY LOST
DONE
HE BEEN
SHE HAS (‘S) GONE
IT HAS NOT (HASN’T)
 I CLEANED?
HAVE WE FINISHED? REGULAR VERBS
YOU STARTED?
THEY LOST?
DONE? IRREGULAR VERBS
HAS HE BEEN?
SHE GONE?
IT
* We use the Present Perfect for an action in the past with a result now and for general past
experiences.

* I’ve lost my Passport. (I can’t find my Passport now).

* A: Where’s Linda?
B: She’s gone to bed. (She is in bed now).

* We’ve bought a new car. (We have a new car now).

* It’s Rachel’s birthday tomorrow and I haven’t bought her a present.

* A: Bob is on holiday.
B: Oh, where has he gone?
* Can I take this newspaper? Have you finished with it?
1. JUST: a short time ago
A: Are Diane and Paul here?
B: Yes, they’ve just arrived.

A: Is Tom here?
B: No, I’m afraid he’s just gone. (he has just gone).

2. ALREADY: before you expected

A: What time are Diane and Paul coming?
B: They’ve already arrived. (before you expected).

It’s only nine o’clock and Ann has already gone to bed. (before I expected).
3. YET: UNTIL NOW
YOU CAN USE YET IN NEGATIVE SENTENCES AND QUESTIONS. YET IS USUALLY AT THE END.

YET in negative sentences:

A: Are Diane and Paul here?
B: No, they haven’t arrived yet.

A: Does John know that you’re going away?

B: No, I haven’t told him yet.
YET in questions:
A: Have Diane and Paul arrived yet?
B: No, not yet. We’re still waiting for them.

A: Has Linda started her new job yet?

B: No, she starts next week.
4. EVER IN QUESTIONS
A: Have you ever played golf?
B: Yes, I often play golf.

A: Has Ann ever been to Australia?

B: Yes, once. (one time).

5. NEVER: implies a negative idea but is used in positive sentences.

A: Who is that man?

B: I don’t know. I’ve never seen him before.

A: Have you ever ridden a horse?

B: No, never. = No, I have never ridden a horse.
NORWAY
MEXICO

• Taste traditional enchiladas

• Visit the Mayan ruins

• Swim with the dolphins in Acapulco

• Go hiking in the Sierra Madre Mountains

• Visit the National Palace in Mexico City

 POSTCARD
Veracruz, 27th May

Hi everyone,
Having a great time. It’s very hot here
in the day and cold at night. We sleep
in cottages, or sometimes in a very old
hotel and every day we get up at 6
o’clock and have typical breakfast.
We’ve tasted traditional enchiladas. The Wilson Family_______________
We’ve visited the Mayan ruins and 434 Church Street________________
we’ve taken lots of pictures. We’ve Pleasantville,____________________
swum with the dolphins in Acapulco. NY 10570_______________________
We went hiking in the Sierra Madre
USA____________________________
Mountains yesterday. We haven’t
taken a tour of The National Palace in
Mexico City –that’s Saturday.
Must go now! See you soon.
Wish you were here!
Oliver and Kristina
 WRITING

• Imagine you’re on vacation in China. Write a postcard

to a friend saying what you’ve done so far, what you
did yesterday and what you’re going to do later.
CHINA

• Taste Chicken Chow Mein

• Walk along The Great Wall of China

• Go shopping in Beijing

• Take a tour of the Forbidden City in Beijing

• See terracotta army of Emperor Qi

PRESENT PERFECT AND SIMPLE PAST

A: Have you ever broken an arm or leg?

B: Yes, I have.
break an arm or leg ?
A: When did you break it?
B: I broke it five years ago when I was playing
basketball.

A: Have you ever made a fire?

Make a fire ? B: No, I haven’t, but my nephew made one last week.
 SINCE vs. FOR
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH SINCE OR FOR.
e.g. David has worked for the power company __since__ 1990.
1. His brother has worked for the same company ________ five years.
2. I have known Peter ________ September.
3. I´ve known his sister ________ three months.
4. Jonas has walked with a limp ________ many years.
5. He´s had a bad leg ________ he was in the war.
6. Rachel hasn´t been in class ________ last Tuesday.
7. She hasn´t been in class ________ five days.
8. I´ve had a cold ________ almost a week.
9. I´ve had this toothache ________ thirty-six hours.
10. My vision has improved ________ I got new reading glasses.
 PRESENT PERFECT OR PAST SIMPLE
A: __Have you ever been__ to the opera? (be)
B: Yes, I __went__ last year. (go)
A: __________ you ever __________ to a famous actor or actress? (speak)
B: Yes, I __________.
A: Who ________ it? (be)
B: Jeremy Irons.
A: Where ________ you ________ him? (see)
B: I _______ him at an airport. (see)
A: What ________ you ________ to him? (say)
B: I __________ him for his autograph. (ask)