Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

(Universidad del Perú, DECANA DE AMERICA)

Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica

CARBOHIDRATOS

◦ Dra. Gladys C. Arias Arroyo UNMSM

09 de setiembre del 2019

 CARBOHIDRATOS

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
 CARBOHIDRATOS

QUIMICO
-CHO
- Grupos alcohólicos

- Grupo carbonilo

NUTRICIONAL
-Aporta energía (Carb. Simples y complejos)
- Estructura de moléculas complejas

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

- Hidrólisis
- Reacciones de deshidratación
y degradación térmica
(Acetol, acetoína, diacetilo etc.)
- Reacciones de pardeamiento
- Oxidativa o P. enzimático
- No oxidativa

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
 Rutas principales para el pardeamiento
no enzimático:
 - Reacción de Maillard
 - Oxidación del ácido ascórbico
 - Peroxidación de lípidos
 - Caramelización a alta temperatura alta

temperatura

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

- Hidrófilia
- Fijación de aroma
 (Acetol, acetoína, diacetilo etc.)
- Sabor, textura y variedad
- Productos de pardeamiento y
aromas
 - Maltol, etilmaltol, furanonas,
lactonas,
 carbonilos, ésteres)
- Poder edulcorante
Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
 AZUCAR PE
 -D Fructosa 180
 Sacarosa 100
 -D- Glucosa 74
 -D- Glucosa 82
 -D- Galactosa 32
 -D - Galactosa 21
 -D- Manosa 32
 -D- Manosa Amargo
 -D- Lactosa 16

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

 55%
del aporte energético diario
debe provenir de distintos tipos de alimentos
ricos en carbohidratos: cereales, azúcares,
frutas, verduras y legumbres.

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
 CARBOHIDRATOS

g%
* LACTEOS 4-5
* CARNES 0
* PESCADOS 0
* LEGUMINOSAS 60-65
* CEREALES 60-80
* HORTALIZAS 4-6
* FRUTAS 5-20
* TUBERC. Y RAICES 20-40
* OLEAGINOSAS 13-20
Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
DRA. GLADYS C. ARIAS ARROYO UNMSM
Mechanistic Investigation of a Starch-Branching
Enzyme Using Hydrodynamic Volume SEC Analysis
Javier M. Hernández†

, Marianne Gaborieau†‡, Patrice Castignolles†‡, Michael J. Gidley‡, Alan M. Myers§ and Robert G. Gilbert*‡
Centre for Nutrition & Food Sciences, School of Land Crop & Food Sciences, University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia, Key Centre for Polymer Colloids, School of Chemistry, University
of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State
University, Ames, Iowa 50011

Biomacromolecules, 2008, 9 (3), pp 954–965

DOI: 10.1021/bm701213p
Publication Date (Web): February 23, 2008
Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

Physiological Responses to Novel Carbohydrates
as Assessed Using Canine and Avian Models

Brenda K. Knapp, Carl M. Parsons, Kelly S. Swanson and

George C. Fahey, Jr.*
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 132
Animal Sciences Laboratory, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana,
Illinois 61801
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56 (17), pp 7999–
8006
DOI: 10.1021/jf801042b
Publication Date (Web): August 16, 2008
Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society
Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM
Measurement of Short-Chain Carbohydrates in Common
Australian Vegetables and Fruits by High-Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Jane G. Muir*, Rosmary Rose, Ourania Rosella, Kelly Liels,
Jacqueline S. Barrett, Susan J. Shepherd and Peter R. Gibson
Department of Medicine, Monash University, Box Hill Hospital, Level
8, Clive Ward Centre, Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria 3128, Australia
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57 (2), pp 554–
565
DOI: 10.1021/jf802700e
Publication Date (Web): January 5, 2009
Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM

Dra. Gladys Constanza Arias Arroyo UNMSM