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DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
PROF. DR. ASYA REHMAN
aminoglycosides are a group of bactericidal antibiotics
0obtained from STREPTOMYCES.
the aminoglycosides include :
- STREPTOMYCIN
- NEOMYCIN
-KANAMYCIN
- AMIKACIN
-GENTAMYCIN
- TOBRAMYCIN
- SISOMICIN
- NETILMYCIN $ others
Aminoglcosides are mostly used against, gram negative
enteric bacteria especially in BACTEREMIA AND SEPSIS
These activities occur more or less simultaneously and the over all
effect is irreversible and lethal for the cell
Mechanism of resistance:
- ataxia
- vertigo
loss of balance
NEOMYCIN
KANAMYCIN MOST OTOTOXIC
AMIKACIN
STREPTOMYCIN
GENTAMICIN most vestibulotoxic
NEOMYCIN
GENTAMICIN most nepherotoxic
TOBRAMYCIN
In very high doses aminoglycosides produces
curare like effect with neuromuscular blockade
that results in respiratory paralysis.
Paralysis usually reversed by calcium gluconate
or Neostigmine