FACTORS AFFECTING THE

HABITUAL TARDINESS TO THE

VALUES OF SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SAN
AURELIO NATIONAL HIGH
SCHOOL
BY: MARJORAM T. PALPAL-LATOC
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the Study

Tardiness has already become a habit of some students
nowadays, being tardy means coming late on school even their
house is just beside their school and it can lead to more serious
problems affecting their academic learning as well as in their
performances.
Students must understand the importance of punctuality
and how it connects to their future working lives, since the
school is also snagged to produce good citizens and workers.
 There are studies that shown the effects of tardiness on the
students, the teachers, the school and the society. According to
these studies, the tardiness of a student consumes his/her
learning time as well as disturbs other students and teachers.
The tardy student also poses as a threat to the school as an
educational and professional institution and the student may be
one of the less productive members of the society. (Bilocura,
2012)
In addition to Bilocura (2012), studies promoted integration of
personality development and interdisciplinary programs into
school curriculum to aid students enhance positive behaviour
and personality leading to the decrease of tardiness.
 Many Senior High school students come late to school and as a
result; academic subjects will be affected as well as the grades, and
they will be able to miss classes as it affects their class performance
that is why every Senior High school student should eliminate the
cause regarding tardiness. (Gloryoung, 2017)
Additionally, Gloryoung (2017) stated that a tardy student
presents a lack of responsibility. Being tardy all the time to classes is
a sign of carelessness and a waste of time. Being on time is not only
a duty for students, but also a part of good manners, respect and
reputation. Hence, student should know how to value their time and
do their best not to be tardy at all times.
 This study aims to determine the reasons why students go
to school late. It also aims to determine the corresponding
factors affecting the Habitual Tardiness to the Values of
Senior High School students in San Aurelio National High
School (SANHS). This tardiness of the students evidently has
a negative effect towards the students’ performance in
school. In order to change their ways, this study will be
conducted.
 CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

• Conceptual Framework
Independent Variable Dependent Variable

 
Gender
Habitual Tardiness
Values of Senior
High School
Students
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In general, the study aims to investigate the factors affecting
the Habitual Tardiness to the Values of the Senior High School
students in San Aurelio National High School.
Specifically, the study sough to find answers in the following
research questions:
1. What is the profile of the respondent’s profile in terms of:
• Gender;
• Age;
• Strand?
2. What are the perceived factors affecting the Habitual
Tardiness to the Values Formation of the Grade 12 Senior High
students of San Aurelio National High School?
3. What are the proposed ways to minimize tardiness?
4. Is there a significant difference between the factors of
tardiness and the gender of the respondents?
5. Is there a significant difference between the proposed ways to
minimize tardiness to the values of the respondents?
 HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY
• :  There is no significant difference between the factors of
tardiness and the gender of the respondents.
• : There is no significant difference between the proposed ways
to minimize the tardiness to the values of the respondents.
• Ha: There is significant difference between the factors of
tardiness and the gender of the respondents.
• Ha: There is significant difference between the proposed ways
to minimize tardiness to the values of the respondents.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

The study focuses mainly on the factors affecting the

Habitual Tardiness to the Values of Senior High School
students of San Aurelio National High School.
It is a specific topic but still covers a lot of factors. The study
covers ways and changes that Senior High students should
follow in order to lessen the number of tardy students. In
order to prevent tardiness, the students must know its
causes and effects in many ways.
• The respondents are the Senior High students of San Aurelio
National High School which is compose of ninety-seven(97)
individuals. The survey questions will be delimited to
obtaining the main reasons of tardiness as well as assessing
related factors underlying therewith. Information acquired
and provided by students will be used to confirm or negate
the feasible causes which were earlier stated. The result of
the survey will then contribute insight in planning and
drafting of the solutions in addressing the said problems
being identified that needs appropriate action. 
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will focus on the perceived factors affecting the
Habitual Tardiness to the Values of Senior High School Students in
San Aurelio National High School.
The results of the study will be beneficial to the following:
• Students. As the centre of educational system, students will
benefit from this study and be able to concentrate and improve
their performance level. This research will help them to realize
the effects of their tardiness on themselves and also on the
community. The results of this research may also help them
understand their usual reasons for tardiness and hopefully help
and motivate them to adjust their habits.
• Teachers. This research may also be a help to teachers.
Teachers may be able to realize that they have a certain
influence to the tardiness of students. They may find the
need to modify their personal and teaching habits and fully
serve as role model to students both in terms of punctuality
and education. They may also know how to handle the
behaviours of those tardy students and help them develop
their skills and improve their academic performances in order
for the students to become better and to fulfil their goals.
• School Administrators. This research may be useful to the school
administrators. The results of this research may help the administrators
see if the students are becoming too tardy that it may be a threat to the
quality and competency level of the school. In addition, other schools
and even workplaces can adapt the study and find out the tardiness of
their students and members and pinpoint the associated reasons.
• Parents.  This study will help to motivate parents to make the children
come early to school and this will in turn improve the academic
performance of the individual.The given data would help them formulate
some preventive measures to help their sons/daughters eradicate their
bad habit. The findings would also help them learn the actions of their
children and how they behave in school.
• Future Researchers. The ideas presented may be used
as reference data in conducting new researches or in
testing the validity of other related findings. This study will
also serve as their cross-reference that will give them a
background or an overview of the factors affecting
tardiness and ways to minimize it.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

• Foreign:
Being always present in class and getting to school on time are two of
the crucial determining factors of a student’s success, not just as a
student but as a person who will be managing his/her own life in the
future.
Punctuality is one of the virtues beyond reproach. Much of the time
and wealth will be saved if this virtue will be carried out to the system of
every responsible citizen. Punctuality will encompass all of the positive
action in all aspects. Though it was less appreciated in other situations
like productivity against punctuality, none the less, it is still very vital in
situations that needed it most. One factor that dictates the quality of
performance of a student is his/her punctuality that is, getting to school
on time or being tardy.
• The study revealed that the causes of lateness among the
secondary students in Nigeria were “going late to bed because
of watching films and home movies, resulting into wake up late
in the morning, distance to school and keeping friends who are
not students” (Oghuvbu, 2008). These results went consistent
with the results of Oghuvbu’s reference studies which proves
that tardiness among students have been a growing problem
and that it is caused, not just because of the students but also
because of the lack of imposing discipline from the parents. 
• Other factors such as an unsupportive family environment or
lack of community help contribute to absenteeism. Family
factors such as “parentally condoned absence, not valuing
education, domestic problems, inconsistent to inadequate
parenting, and economic deprivation” (Reid, 2005) play a
large role in absenteeism. Community attitudes and socio-
economic factors put pressures on students which in turn do
not encourage the attendance of school each day.
• LOCAL:
Punctuality and honesty are more than just values; they are the
building blocks of good governance. Both define the success of
any undertakings by personal or by community who shared the
same aspirations and goals. Categorically, as the old adage
says “time is gold” to denote how punctuality and wise
utilization of time affect efficiency and success and honesty
pinned itas commitment to oneself to do the desirable and
expected tasks even unsupervised. (Conson, 2018)
A tardy student presents a lack of responsibility. Being tardy all
the time to classes a sign of carelessness and a waste of time.
Being on time is not only a duty for students, but also a part of
good manners, respect and reputation. Hence, student should
know how to value their time and do their best not to be tardy
at all times. Tardiness is not much of an issue for students
nowadays; to them it seems to be a normal thing. Nonetheless,
some reasons that cause the tardiness among students can tell
whether it is being committed or not or being peer pressured.
(Fullo, Glorylourd Joana C.Gramor, Omar M., 2017)
There had been some theories that pointed out that tardiness
is caused by the personality of a person. Santillano (2010)
stated that psychological theorists considered some
“personality traits, including low self-esteem and anxiety” as
triggering factors of tardiness. She also mentioned that while
some theorists considered tardiness as an “inborn quality”
since our being early or late is “partially biologically
determined”, which she also agreed, other experts also
believed that some people are “chronically tardy” for the
reason that they consciously and unconsciously get good
things from it.
Tardiness in the Philippines is getting worst since it is
habitually done by most of the students even though in some
professional field. Today most of the students incur tardiness
for they were not able to wake up early for the reason they
were not able to sleep on time; some were doing a lot of
things at night, but most common is that keeping their selves
busy wasting time in the internet, chatting with friends and
texting because of modern technologies. (KarlDrei, 2017)
 CHAPTER III

METHODS

• Research Design
The researcher used descriptive survey method in relation to
the objective which is to study the Factors Affecting the Habitual
Tardiness to the Values of Senior High Students in San Aurelio
National High School. Wherein, the answers of the respondents
are based on their own experiences about the given questions
encoded in the questionnaires regarding the needs of the study.
The Researcher sought to determine if there’s a significant
difference between the factors of tardiness and the gender of the
respondents and if there a significant difference between the
level of agreement of the proposed tardiness to the values of the
respondents.
The type of research used was Quantitative Research
because it emphasizes objective measurements and
the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data
collected through polls, questionnaires, and surveys, or by
manipulating pre-existing statistical data
using computational techniques
 PARTICIPANTS

• The respondents of this research will come from Senior High

School students SY 2019-2020 with a total population of
ninety-seven (97) students. In Grade 11 there are 14 students
STEM strand and 26 students TVL strand while in Grade 12
there are 32 students TVL strand and 25 students coming
from GAS strand. The attendance of students was garnered
by researcher that help to determine the tardy students in
every section.
 SOURCES OF DATA

Balungao, officially the Municipality of Balungao, is a 4th

class municipality in the province of Pangasinan. Balungao was
officially founded in the year 1815. 
San Aurelio National High School (SANHS) is a public high
school established in 1967 located in Balungao, Pangasinan
recognized by the Department of Education (DepEd). It has a K-
12 basic education program that offers only Academic Track
such as Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
(STEM) strand, General Academic Strand (GAS), and Technical
Vocational Livelihood (TVL) track. 
 INSTRUMENTS AND DATA COLLECTION
Gathering of necessary data for the study was done through a
survey-questionnaires. These questionnaires used by
researcher elicited the following pertinent information:
respondent’s profile, factors and effects of tardiness, and ways
to minimize it. These particular asks whether the respondents
consider themselves tardy or not, and if they do, how many
times are they usually late. The times their first class starts and
last class ends are asked in this part, as well as reasons for
being tardy are elicited. Further questions based on the
respondents’ reasons are also asked.
The main advantage of using questionnaires is that a large number
of people can be reached relatively easily and economically. A
standard questionnaire provides quantifiable answers for a
research topic. These answers are relatively easy to analyse.
The questionnaire was structured in such a way that respondents
will be able to answer it easily. Thus, the set of questionnaires was
structured using the Likert format with a four-point response scale.
A Likert Scale is a
rating scale that requires the subject to indicate his or her degree 
of agreement or disagreement to a statement.
 TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS
The answers and other data needed where obtained and
interpreted through the use of the following statistical tool:
1. To determine the profile of respondents, percentage formula
was used:
P= f/N x 100
Where:
P= Percentage
f= frequency
N= No. of cases
100= constant value
•2.  To determine the Average Weighted Mean (AWM) of the Possible Factors
and Effects of Habitual Tardiness, Average Weighted Mean (AWM) was used:
AWM=
Where:
AWM= average weighted mean
F4= number of respondents who answered – “Always”
F3= number of respondents who answered – “Often”
F2= number of respondents who answered – “Sometimes”
F1= number of respondents who answered – “Never”
The computed mean was then compared to the scale below for
interpretation:
The 4-point Likert Scale is used to allow the individual to express how
much they agree or disagree with a particular statement.
•3.  To determine the Average Weighted Mean (AWM) of Ways to
Minimize Habitual Tardiness, Average Weighted Mean (AWM) was
used:
AWM=
Where:
AWM= average weighted mean
F4= number of respondents who answered – “Strongly Disagree
(SD)”
F3= number of respondents who answered – “Disagree (D)”
F2= number of respondents who answered – “Agree (A)”
F1= number of respondents who answered – “Strongly Agree (SA)”
The computed mean was then compared to the scale below for
interpretation:
The 4-point Likert Scale is used to allow the individual to express
how much they agree or disagree with a particular statement.
Gathered data will be tallied, scored, the data that will be
gathered will be analyzed statistically in order to answer the
questions in this study and to be able to test and prove the
hypotheses set forth.